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To analyse the role of self-efficacy in goal setting in public administrations, this study combines goal-setting theory, public service motivation literature and cognitive theory. Using partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM), survey data from 105 German civil servants are analysed. The results underline the role of goal setting (represented by goal difficulty and specificity) in determining the self-efficacy of public servants. Public service motivation and goal specificity both increase public servants’ work performance; however, the effects of goal difficulty are negatively mediated by the employee’s self-efficacy. That finding reflects the central role of self-efficacy, which should not be ignored in the goal-setting processes of public administrations. 相似文献
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Christian Dormann Mikaela Owen Maureen Dollard Christina Guthier 《Work and stress》2018,32(3):248-261
Longitudinal studies are the gold standard of empirical work and stress research whenever experiments are not plausible. Frequently, scales are used to assess risk factors and their consequences, and cross-lagged effects are estimated to determine possible risks. Methods to translate cross-lagged effects into risk ratios to facilitate risk assessment do not yet exist, which creates a divide between psychological and epidemiological work stress research. The aim of the present paper is to demonstrate how cross-lagged effects can be used to assess the risk ratio of different levels of psychosocial safety climate (PSC) in organisations, an important psychosocial risk for the development of depression. We used available longitudinal evidence from the Australian Workplace Barometer (N?=?1905) to estimate cross-lagged effects of PSC on depression. We applied continuous time modelling to obtain time-scalable cross effects. These were further investigated in a 4-year Monte Carlo simulation, which translated them into 4-year incident rates. Incident rates were determined by relying on clinically relevant 2-year periods of depression. We suggest a critical value of PSC?=?26 (corresponding to ?1.4 SD), which is indicative of more than 100% increased incidents of persistent depressive disorder in 4-year periods compared to average levels of PSC across 4 years. 相似文献
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姚建龙 《预防青少年犯罪研究》2020,(2):4-20
未成年人保护法修订草案积极回应了当前面临的未成年人法律困境和现实诉求,提出和细化了许多具体举措,尤其是新增了未成年人最大利益原则,确立了国家监护制度,体现了重大的进步。在立法关系上,无论是与预防未成年人犯罪法草案,还是与现行的其他涉及未成年保护的相关法律,未保法草案均与之存在着不协调问题。未保法草案的修法思路亟待从“理想化的统领和难以操作的补漏”转向务实性的“重点明晰和问题导向”,亦即未成年人保护法的“福利法化”并呼应预防未成年人犯罪法的“少年法化”。未保法草案的体例布局未能充分体现立法本意和修法初衷,在概念厘清、文本形式、涵盖内容与表达逻辑上均需要进一步改进和完善。 相似文献
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The authors maintain that the social learning theory of career development and counseling has not been applied to diverse populations. To address this gap in the literature, the authors conducted a qualitative analysis of interviews with 21 middle school students in a low‐income, culturally diverse, inner‐city public school. Four themes emerged, reflecting the influence of discrimination on participants' career learning: contextual barriers and resources for learning, and psychological barriers and resources for learning. The authors provide a conceptual framework for assessing resources and barriers and a rationale for why these aspects often remain hidden or unexamined in career assessment with clients who are vulnerable to discrimination. 相似文献
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CRM的理念与实施中关键因素分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
何耀琴 《西南交通大学学报(社会科学版)》2002,3(3):77-80
随着市场环境、竞争环境的快速变化 ,企业的管理理念、服务观念开始发生重大转变 ,使得CRM(CustomerRelationshipManagement,客户关系管理 )成为当前热点。本文试从CRM在国内外的应用情况、CRM体现的管理理念、服务宗旨以及实施中应考虑的一些重要因素进行分析 相似文献
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谭献是晚清一位词学大家 ,在继承常州派张惠言、周济词学理论的基础上 ,根据自己创作和整理词集的经验和心得 ,提出了新的词学观点 ,进一步完善了常州派词论 ,对中国词学理论有杰出的贡献。谭献的词论主要有 :一、继承常州词派的观点 ,继续推尊词体。二、在词的创作方面 ,提倡比兴柔厚。三、在词的鉴赏批评上 ,提出“作者之用心未必然 ,读者之用心何必不然”的著名观点。 相似文献
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企业家作为社会阶层一特殊群体,必须取得与其业绩相对应的报酬。文章试图从委托-代理理论、人力资本理论、新古典经济增长理论和能力本位制理论等视角分析提高企业家物质激励现有水平的必要性。 相似文献
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Peter Hall Qiwei Yao 《Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series B, Statistical methodology》2003,65(2):425-442
Summary. We develop a general methodology for tilting time series data. Attention is focused on a large class of regression problems, where errors are expressed through autoregressive processes. The class has a range of important applications and in the context of our work may be used to illustrate the application of tilting methods to interval estimation in regression, robust statistical inference and estimation subject to constraints. The method can be viewed as 'empirical likelihood with nuisance parameters'. 相似文献