日本公共年金隐性债务规模与解决方案

日本在改革其传统的公共年金制度过程中,面临着偿还巨额隐性债务的问题。从绝对规模来看,日本的隐性债务负担是发达国家中最为沉重的。为解决隐性债务,日本学界提出了渐进偿还和设计政策组合的两种解决方案。研究表明,两种方案可解决隐性债务,但会对不同世代产生不同的福利效果。     

The Chinese-speaking Muslims (Dungans) of Central Asia: A Case of Multiple Identities in a Changing Context

Chinese-speaking Muslims, called Dungans in Central Asia and Huizu in China, were forced to migrate to present-day Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and Uzbekistan at the end of the nineteenth century. They reconstructed their identity through interrelations with local populations and the soviet categorisation of nationality. But after 1991, their status has being gradually destabilised owing to the changes in economic, social and political rules as well as citizenship regulations in these countries. They have to readapt to the new situation created by the independence of the three former Soviet Republics, which has challenged their unity.     

成岩作用及阶段对碎屑岩储层孔隙演化的控制

碎屑岩储层孔隙演化受有机-无机成岩作用的影响，在埋藏成岩阶段，有机质成熟过程中脱羧作用产生的有机酸对碎屑岩中的方解石、长石等溶蚀所形成的次生扎隙，是深部储层中高孔渗段发育的重要原因，随埋深增加，成岩阶段由早-晚发展，有机质由未成熟-成熟演化，在此期间，储层孔隙经历了消亡与新生的发展过程。在同一盆地中，不同层位储层经历的最大埋深如果相近，所处成岩阶段也相近，其孔隙演化史亦趋于相似;反之，同一层位的储层所处的最大埋深不同，成岩阶段不同，其孔隙特征也就不同。     

Constrained allocation problems with single-peaked preferences: An axiomatic analysis

We introduce a new class of problems that contains two existing classes: allocation problems with single-peaked preferences and bankruptcy problems. On this class, we analyze the implications of well-known properties such as Pareto optimality, strategy-proofness, resource-monotonicity, no-envy, equal treatment of equals, and two new properties we introduce, hierarchical no-envy and independence of nonbinding constraints. Unlike earlier literature, we consider rules that allow free-disposability. We present characterizations of a rule we introduce on this domain. We relate this rule to well-known rules on the aforementioned subdomains. Based on this relation, we present a characterization of a well-known bankruptcy rule called the constrained equal awards rule. Received: 22 June 2000/Accepted: 21 March 2002 This paper is based on the first chapter of my Ph.D. thesis submitted to the University of Rochester. I wish to thank my advisor, William Thomson, for helpful comments and suggestions.     

论行政证据的规制与保障功能

行政证据不同于行政诉讼证据,它是一种非讼类证据,主要用于行政执法程序中,具有重要的作用和特殊的法律地位。行政证据是规范行政权力行使的有效手段,是维护公共利益、保护相对人合法权益的重要保障。行政证据是能独立存在并起重要作用的重要证据制度。     

氨基酸分析的新方法——积分脉冲安培检测-高效阴离子交换色谱法

介绍一种新型氨基酸分析方法——采用积分脉冲安培检测的高效阴离子交换色谱法(HPIC-IPAD) 对氨基酸的阴离子交换色谱分离和积分脉;中安培检测进行了较详细的讨论 对方法的应用做了简要介绍。该方法与其它方法比较,无须进行柱后或柱前衍生反应,对氨基酸可以直接进行分析,灵敏度较高 大多数氨基酸的检测限小于1pmol,线性范围可以达到3个数量级以上。     

Optimal scaling of Metropolis algorithms: Heading toward general target distributions

The authors provide an overview of optimal scaling results for the Metropolis algorithm with Gaussian proposal distribution. They address in more depth the case of high‐dimensional target distributions formed of independent, but not identically distributed components. They attempt to give an intuitive explanation as to why the well‐known optimal acceptance rate of 0.234 is not always suitable. They show how to find the asymptotically optimal acceptance rate when needed, and they explain why it is sometimes necessary to turn to inhomogeneous proposal distributions. Their results are illustrated with a simple example.     

回忆的超验意义--现代西方浪漫哲人论回忆

尼采、海德格尔、马尔库塞等现代西方浪漫哲人的代表对回忆(记忆)在现代浪漫哲学和浪漫美学中的审美超验功能及其价值均有深刻而独到的论述,这些论述无疑道出了回忆(记忆)的审美超验力量在现代西方文化精神困境中所具有的特殊的美学意义.