作为权利保障的北京市志愿服务立法

法律上的志愿服务不等同于政治上和道德上的“义务劳动”、“做好人好事”。北京市进行志愿服务立法是必要的,立法要保护志愿者权利,规定志愿者义务,要积极关注学校的和社会的激励机制,要加强对志愿者组织的管理,立法要规定经费保障和强制保险。同时,立法要注意法律视角与政策视角的不同。     

析军工文化特色

只有抓住军工特色,才能落实军工文化建设工作。对于军工文化而言,军工文化特色具有重要作用。军工文化特色的根本是"国家利益至上"的核心价值观,至少突出体现在核心价值观指导下的质量文化、安全文化、保密文化、型号文化和创新文化等五个方面。在推进军工文化建设的进程中,必须要始终和大力坚持军工文化的特色。     

我国中西部机场特征分析及其竞争力评价研究

首先对我国中西部机场的现状及其在未来发展建设中的优势进行了深入分析,并在此基础上提出了机场竞争力评价指标体系。其次,采用层次分析法和熵值法的组合赋权方法确定评价指标权重,并采用可拓学中的物元模型建立了机场竞争力评价模型,提出了一套科学合理、切实可行的机场竞争力评价方法。最后,以内蒙古机场集团7家机场为例进行了实证研究。     

产权市场的外资并购分析

并购活动包括目标甄选、交易实施和企业整合三大步骤。由于证券市场的局限性和场外交易的风险性,产权市场将会成为外资并购理想的主要交易场所。文章以交易实施中的交易市场作为研究对象,重点阐述了外资并购在产权市场中的情况、问题和对策。     

Activities of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services

In this essay, Don Winstead and Ann McCormick describe HHS's efforts to improve existing data systems and create new ones to advance our understanding of "the condition of the low-income population before and after welfare reform." They confirm the seriousness of the problems that the other authors raise about various national, state, and local data sets, such as attrition and the inability to capture "the new variation in programs across the country." Their main sources of data are the SPD; the SIPP; and state-based administrative data on programs such as TANF, food stamps, and Medicaid.     

Opportunities for woman-initiated HIV prevention methods among female sex workers in southern China

Rapid changes in China over the past two decades have led to significant problems associated with population migration and changing social attitudes, including a growing sex industry and concurrent increases in STIs and HIV. This article reports results of an exploratory study of microbicide acceptability and readiness and current HIV prevention efforts among female sex workers in two rural and one urban town in Hainan and Guangxi Provinces in southern China. The study focused on these women's knowledge and cultural understandings of options for protecting themselves from exposure to STIs and HIV, and the potential viability and acceptability of woman-initiated prevention methods. We report on ethnographic elicitation interviews conducted with women working within informal sex-work establishments (hotels, massage and beauty parlors, roadside restaurants, boarding houses). We discuss implications of these findings for further promotion of woman-initiated prevention methods such as microbicides and female condoms among female sex workers in China.     

Does subliminal exposure to sexual stimuli have the same effects on men and women?

Three studies explored gender differences in explicit and implicit components of sexual arousal following brief exposure to a sexual stimulus. Whereas Study 1 assessed reports of sexual arousal following subliminal exposure to a sexual or a neutral picture, Studies 2 and 3 examined the effects of the same priming procedure on accessibility of sex-related thoughts assessed with a pictorial judgment task and a lexical decision task. The subliminal sexual prime did not have an effect on men's reports of sexual arousal, but caused women to report lower levels of sexual arousal. In contrast, the same subliminal sexual prime led to higher accessibility of sex-related thoughts in both men and women. It is therefore suggested that the subliminal sexual prime causes women to activate sex-related mental contents but to experience the result as somewhat aversive.     

Reduced admissions for acute myocardial infarction associated with a public smoking ban: matched controlled study

There has been no research linking implementation of a public smoking ban and reduced incidence of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) among nonsmoking patients. An ex post facto matched control group study was conducted to determine whether there was a change in hospital admissions for AMI among nonsmoking patients after a public smoking ban was implemented in Monroe County compared with Delaware County, Indiana without such a ban. Poisson analysis was conducted for 44 months of hospital admissions. A significant drop occurred in the number of admissions among nonsmoking patients in Monroe County after the ban whereas a nonsignificant decrease in the number of admissions occurred in Delaware County. The changes in the number of smoking-patient admissions before and after the ban were not significant.     

Protective and risk influences of drug use among a multiethnic sample of adolescent boys

A measurement model was analyzed to demonstrate a differential distribution and cumulative exposure to psychosocial risk and protective influences of adolescent drug use among ethnically-diverse adolescent samples. The sample included U.S.-born (US) Latino (N = 837), foreign-born (FB) Latino (N = 447), White (N = 632), and African American (N = 618) adolescent boys. Psychological Distress, Peer Drug Use, and Adolescent Drug Use were significantly positively correlated with Peer Drug Use and Adolescent Drug Use. In contrast, Family, School, law abidance, and guilt were significantly negatively correlated with Peer Drug Use and Adolescent Drug Use. Multiple group analyses indicated significant similarities and differences among US and FB Latinos, and Whites. Implications for early prevention, multi-level interventions, and suggestions for future research are discussed.     

Analysing non-doctrinal socialization: re-assessing the role of cognition to account for social cohesion in the Religious Society of Friends

To incorporate newcomers into membership, a group employs socialization strategies to transform the characteristics of the newcomers, so that it can admit them with the confidence that their behaviour will not endanger group unity. Analyses of socialization emphasize that novices' interiorization of an institutional definition of group behaviour is a necessary condition to ensure successful socialization. The contemporary Religious Society of Friends in Britain, however, is a non-doctrinal religious movement that avoids defining the content of its beliefs and practices. To analyse the socializing interaction between members and newcomers in this movement in Britain, and among co-religionists in the USA, this inquiry applies a model of socialization that does not include assumptions about the role played by cognition in socialization (Long and Hadden 1983). My results show that: (a) the diffuseness in Friends' collective explanations of institutional conduct supports novices' identification with institutional practice, and (b) experimental and affective components in socialization motivate novices to imitate institutional behaviour despite the fact that Friends have no authoritative explanations of such behaviour. The data suggest that socialization and social cohesion are not necessarily as strongly cognitive-oriented phenomena as they were previously thought to be. This finding has important implications for thinking about social cohesion in postmodern society.