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91.
为提供泰乐松注射液的安全性毒理学评价资料,本试验采用改进Karber法测定小鼠LD_(50);以剂量递增法测定小鼠蓄积性和耐受性;分别以剂量340、130、30mg/kg为3个试验组.设阴性和阳性对照组进行小鼠骨髓微核试验;分别以剂量500、250、120mg/kg为3个剂量组.设阴性和阳性对照组进行小鼠精于畸形试验。结果表明:其LD_(50)为669.80mg/kg,蓄积系数大于5.3,无明显蓄积毒性和耐受性(P>0.05),小鼠骨髓微核试验和精子畸形试验结果均为阴性。 相似文献
92.
This paper reports the findings from a recent study of nurse leavers at eight large hospitals in the National Health Service (NHS) of England and Wales. The study develops and extends an influential theory of employee turnover by describing how for some leavers a single, jarring event or shock triggers the decision to quit. By elaborating on the nature of shocks for this sample of 352 nurse leavers, the paper allows for improved understanding of nursing turnover and thus offers an example of relevant management research. The analysis of shock illustrates how conventional research methodologies can lead to a distorted picture of turnover. This has wider implications, both for any organization wishing to manage turnover effectively and for future research. The paper adds to the limited body of empirical analysis on actual leavers, thereby contributing to an ongoing methodological debate concerning the use of proxy variables. By highlighting flaws in the dominant methodology used to study turnover, the paper offers an example of management research that is also rigorous, and thus ‘pragmatic’. 相似文献
93.
学前教育是基础教育中的重中之重,幼儿教育中的问题儿童是幼儿园教育过程不可避免和忽视的一个特殊群体,而幼儿教师对问题儿童的接纳态度是其进行其他教学活动的重要因素。本研究试图通过分析西藏自治区拉萨市幼儿教师队伍的构成状况、幼儿教师目前薪资水平、社会地位这三个因素,探讨其对问题儿童接纳态度的影响,并提出相关对策与建议。 相似文献
宋敏 《北京工商大学学报(社会科学版)》2018,33(3):11-19
正值全球金融危机十周年之际,梳理并对比了中美两国在金融危机发生前的背景、危机产生的原因、所采取的应对政策以及这些政策的短期和长期效果.中美两国的救市政策内生于各自国家的经济制度,这些政策在短期内稳定了金融市场并带动了经济迅速反弹,但由于并未从根本上解决经济增长的结构性问题,两国救市政策的边际作用有限,且均存在一些不容忽视的负面效果.总结中美两国应对金融危机的经验教训,建议中国政府应处理好监管政策、货币政策与经济周期三者之间的关系,继续深化供给侧改革以解决四万亿投资政策的遗留问题,提前布局以防范和化解系统性金融风险,为经济持续稳定发展创造理想的宏观环境. 相似文献
95.
Internalized Other Interviewing in Relational Therapy: Three Discursive Approaches to Understanding its Use and Outcomes 下载免费PDF全文
Tanya E. Mudry Tom Strong Inés Sametband Marnie Rogers‐de Jong Joaquín Gaete Samantha Merritt Emily M. Doyle Karen H. Ross 《Journal of marital and family therapy》2016,42(1):168-184
For over 20 years, family therapist Karl Tomm has been engaging families and couples with a therapeutic intervention he calls Internalized Other Interviewing (IOI). The IOI (cf. Emmerson‐Whyte, 2010; Hurley, 2006) entails interviewing clients, from the personal experiences of partners and family members as an internalized other. The IOI is based on the idea that through dialogues over time, one can internalize a sense of one's conversational partner responsiveness in reliably anticipated ways. Anyone who has thought in a conversation with a family member or partner, “Oh there s/he goes again,” or anticipates next words before they leave the other's mouth, has a sense of what we are calling an internalized other. For Tomm, the internalized anticipations partners and family members may have offers entry points into new dialogues with therapeutic potential—particularly, when their actual dialogues get stuck in dispreferred patterns. 相似文献
96.
Maternal Discipline and Children's Adjustment: The Role of the Cultural and Situational Context 下载免费PDF全文
This study examined how the cultural and situational contexts can jointly shape the consequences of discipline strategies. Israeli mothers who grew up in Israel or in the Former Soviet Union (FSU) (overall N = 110) reported regarding their use of psychologically controlling and punitive discipline with their seven‐years‐old to 10‐years‐old children, and teachers reported regarding children's behavior problems. We assessed both mothers' overall general use of the discipline strategies, and their use of the same strategies following transgressions in the academic domain, an area which the two groups emphasize to differing degrees. Consistent with hypothesis, controlling discipline in academic situations had more positive consequences in the FSU group compared with the Israeli‐origin group. In contrast, and as predicted, cultural group was not a moderator of mothers' overall, general use of the same discipline strategies. The findings illustrate how taking the situation into account can inform examination of the moderating role of cultural group. 相似文献
97.
Tolerance of Uncertainty: Links to Happenstance,Career Decision Self‐Efficacy,and Career Satisfaction 下载免费PDF全文
Boyoung Kim Eunjeong Rhee Gyuyoung Ha Joonyoung Yang Sang Min Lee 《The Career development quarterly》2016,64(2):140-152
This study investigated the extent to which tolerance of uncertainty affects the relationship between happenstance skills and career satisfaction via career decision self‐efficacy. Moderated mediation analysis was conducted on data collected from 321 graduates (175 men, 146 women) of Korean universities making the school‐to‐work transition. Results showed that career decision self‐efficacy fully mediated the relationship between happenstance skills and career satisfaction. Furthermore, the moderation effect of tolerance of uncertainty had a significant impact on the relationship between happenstance skills and career decision self‐efficacy. Tolerance of uncertainty should be considered an important variable in happenstance career theory and intervention. Unplanned influences should also be considered important factors in the career decision‐making process. 相似文献
98.
Liesbeth Theuns‐Boumans Jolanda Mathijssen Carin Rots‐de Vries Ien van de Goor 《Child & Family Social Work》2021,26(1):163-172
In recent years, solution‐focused parenting support has been developed and implemented as a promising brief and strength‐based approach. Given the fundamental differences between solution‐focused and the historically more common problem‐focused parenting support and the complexity of transforming professional practice, an actual shift towards solution‐focused parenting support can be expected to be limited up to now. However, because research into the specific communication characteristics of professional parenting support is currently lacking, no conclusion can be drawn at present. Therefore, this study aims to explore the current problem‐ and solution‐focused characteristics of parenting support in the Dutch youth healthcare (YH). In total, 15 support sessions performed by 10 public health nurses were audio recorded and transcribed verbatim. A detailed qualitative content analysis of professional communication was conducted to identify problem‐ and solution‐focused factual, expressive, relational and appealing aspects of parenting support. Problem‐focused characteristics dominated all sessions of parenting support. This study is the first to thoroughly analyse the problem‐focused and solution‐focused communication characteristics of professional parenting support using a qualitative content analysis. Parenting support practice in the Dutch YH did not shift substantially to a solution‐focused approach. More effort is required to stimulate and facilitate this professional transformation. 相似文献
99.
Melamine contamination of food has become a major food safety issue because of incidents of infant disease caused by exposure to this chemical. This study was aimed at establishing a safety limit in Taiwan for the degree of melamine migration from food containers. Health risk assessment was performed for three exposure groups (preschool children, individuals who dine out, and elderly residents of nursing homes). Selected values of tolerable daily intake (TDI) for melamine were used to calculate the reference migration concentration limit (RMCL) or reference specific migration limit (RSML) for melamine food containers. The only existing values of these limits for international standards today are 1.2 mg/L (0.2 mg/dm2) in China and 30 mg/L (5 mg/dm2) in the European Union. The factors used in the calculations included the specific surface area of food containers, daily food consumption rate, body weight, TDI, and the percentile of the population protected at a given migration concentration limit (MCL). The results indicate that children are indeed at higher risk of melamine exposure at toxic levels than are other groups and that the 95th percentile of MCL (specific surface area = 5) for children aged 1–6 years should be the RMCL (0.07 mg/dm2) for protecting the sensitive and general population. 相似文献
100.
郭敏 《中北大学学报(社会科学版)》2016,(4):62-67
在社会转型理论的视域下,社会转型的过程实质上就是其实现现代化的进程。文艺复兴和宗教改革宣告了中世纪神学统治时代的终结,成为欧洲社会转型的进发号和西方世界现代化的肇始点。通过文艺复兴和宗教改革,世俗社会和宗教世界由后者独大实现了二元融合,促进了资本主义萌芽的发展、近代民族国家和现代政治形态的形成、文艺事业的复兴繁荣和信仰世界的内在旨归,从而深远地导引着欧洲社会的经济发展、政治走向、文化选择和价值重构,全方位奠定了西方现代文明的基础性格局。 相似文献