中外知识产权贸易摩擦问题探讨

2002年以来,知识产权贸易摩擦已成为我国对外贸易摩擦新热点.霸权主义、生产能力冲突是中外知识产权贸易摩擦频繁发生的理论动因;发达国家贸易保护主义及我国知识产权法律制度不成熟是其发生的法律成因;而企业创新能力不足,对知识产权国际规则了解不够,应对知识产权贸易摩擦能力较弱等则是其发生的其他诱因.知识产权贸易摩擦的应对,可通过知识产权制度建设、促进知识产权相关的国际贸易规则的完善等事前预防措施与提高应对能力、探索应对策略等事后救济措施的共同作用予以实现.     

从《名公书判清明集》看南宋女儿的财产继承权

南宋时期,女儿的财产继承权无论在法律上还是在实践中,均得到了承认和保护。虽然在古代宗法制下,由于女儿不具有宗祧继承权,使得其财产继承权受到很大限制。但是,法律原则性地赋予了户绝之家与非户绝之家的在室女、归宗女和出嫁女以不同的财产继承权限。在具体的司法实践中,法官们往往在法定原则的基础上,参酌宗法伦理与儒家道义来灵活处断女儿的财产继承份额,针对一些特殊的情况,会综合考虑血缘亲疏、被继承人意愿﹙遗嘱﹚、孝悌道德等因素加以衡量裁断,给予女儿相对合理的财产继承权利。《名公书判清明集》所收录的关于南宋时期女儿财产继承的相关判例即体现了古代情理法框架下,司法中这种原则性与灵活性并存、法律与情理并重的特点。     

Quantitative Assessment of Building Fire Risk to Life Safety

This article presents a quantitative risk assessment framework for evaluating fire risk to life safety. Fire risk is divided into two parts: probability and corresponding consequence of every fire scenario. The time-dependent event tree technique is used to analyze probable fire scenarios based on the effect of fire protection systems on fire spread and smoke movement. To obtain the variation of occurrence probability with time, Markov chain is combined with a time-dependent event tree for stochastic analysis on the occurrence probability of fire scenarios. To obtain consequences of every fire scenario, some uncertainties are considered in the risk analysis process. When calculating the onset time to untenable conditions, a range of fires are designed based on different fire growth rates, after which uncertainty of onset time to untenable conditions can be characterized by probability distribution. When calculating occupant evacuation time, occupant premovement time is considered as a probability distribution. Consequences of a fire scenario can be evaluated according to probability distribution of evacuation time and onset time of untenable conditions. Then, fire risk to life safety can be evaluated based on occurrence probability and consequences of every fire scenario. To express the risk assessment method in detail, a commercial building is presented as a case study. A discussion compares the assessment result of the case study with fire statistics.     

PLC、触摸屏仿真软件在交通信号灯系统设计中的应用

以交通道口信号灯控制系统的开发为例,论述了PLC、触摸屏仿真软件在控制系统开发中的应用。采用三菱公司的GX Developer软件编写PLC控制程序、GX Simulator仿真软件测试PLC控制程序、触摸屏软件GT Designer2设计人机对话窗口、触摸屏仿真软件GT Simulator2检验人机对话窗口,并将其与PLC程序连接,对整个控制系统进行联机通讯仿真。经实验证明,该虚拟仿真方法开发控制系统方便灵活、危险性低、可重复操作性强,不但能够大大地缩短系统研发周期,还可以有效降低系统研发成本。可应用于高等院校实践教学、现代化企业的人员培训。     

基于变革型领导理论的科研团队绩效影响机制模型

基于变革型领导理论,可分析科研团队的绩效影响机制。模型中团队领导行为是前因变量,团队动力氛围(共享愿景、归属承诺、人际信任、工作授权、功能性冲突)和团队行为特征(团队凝聚力、有效沟通、冲突管理)为中介变量,团队工作结果为结果变量。模型由三条因果主线构成:(1)变革型领导的理想感召行为可以激发科研团队的共享愿景和归属承诺,进而促进团队内聚力的提高,最终提升团队绩效;(2)变革型领导的个性关怀可以激发科研团队的人际信任和工作授权,进而促进团队有效沟通,最终提升团队绩效;(3)变革型领导的智力激发可以激发科研团队的功能性冲突,功能性冲突越多,越有可能提高冲突管理能力,最终提高团队绩效。     

驰誉艺苑育英才

喜讯不断传入营口市戏曲学校,于美英校长和全体师生,沉浸在由衷的欢乐中.81级学生常冬,获全国青年京剧电视大奖赛武生组一等奖;99级学生吕勋福,在2001年中国剧协举办的少儿京剧小梅花荟萃比赛中获金奖;97级声乐学生王晓婷,在2001年中国音乐学院民声系以专业第一的成绩被录取;梁妍,2001年以优异成绩考入中国音乐学院美声系;……     

湖湘诗僧齐己与沩仰宗

齐己是唐末五代一位著名的湖湘诗僧 ,历来有关齐己的研究往往忽视了他作为一名沩仰宗禅僧的特定身份。本文即是对齐己与沩仰宗关系的专门研究 ,文章试图系统全面地揭示齐己与沩仰宗的深刻渊源 ,以及沩仰宗禅法对其思想、创作与诗歌理论的全方位影响     

农民养老保险异地接续的基本走向

新《社会保险法》出台之后,逐步实现基本养老保险全国统筹的目标备受关注。如何实现农村人口养老保险的异地接续依旧是一个困扰众多农村人口的大问题。这个问题不仅关系到基本养老保险与农村社会保险的接续,还关系到基本养老保险的异地接续。所以,在现阶段缺少明确规定的情况下,实际操作层面将会出现很多情况。有关立法层面应该加强对这个问题的研究和立法。     

A local likelihood method for estimating relative risk functions in case-control studies

A local likelihood method with constraints is developed for the case-control sample for estimating the unknown relative risk function and odds ratio. Our estimates can be reduced to simply solving two systems of estimating equations. One system of estimating equations is for estimating the relative risk function, and is identical to that based on the locally weighted logistic regression analysis under prospective sampling. Another system of estimating equations is for estimating the odds ratio, and is identical to that used in the traditional linear logistic regression analysis. Asymptotic properties of the estimators are presented. Two real examples and simulations are given to illustrate our method. The results confirm that our approach is useful for estimating the relative risk function and odds ratio in case-control studies.