Psychometric testing of the Chinese version of ISPCAN Child Abuse Screening Tools Children's Home Version (ICAST-CH-C)

BackgroundChild maltreatment is a global problem and the true extent remains unknown. The International Society for the Prevention of Child Abuse and Neglect (ISPCAN) Child Abuse Screening Tool — Children's Home version (ICAST-CH) has provided accurate assessment of the scope and prevalence of child maltreatment. Yet measures of children's experiences of child maltreatment are limited in the Chinese population.ObjectivesThe study aimed to translate and validate a Chinese version of the ISPCAN Child Abuse Screening Tool — Children's Home version (ICAST-CH) and to evaluate its reliability and validity among Taiwan adolescents.MethodsA three phase study was conducted. In phase 1, the ICAST was translated into Chinese using forward–backward translation procedures with the translation equivalence and content validity assessed. In phase 2, the data provided by a convenience sample of 98 adolescents was used to assess the internal consistency of the ICAST-CH Chinese version (ICAST-CH-C). In phase 3, the psychometric properties of the ICAST-CH-C were tested with a nationwide random sample of 5236 adolescents from 35 schools.ResultsThe translation equivalence and content validity index of the ICAST-CH-C was satisfactory. The inter-rater agreements were .90–.91 for comparability of language and .89–.94 for similarity of interpretability. Results indicated that the ICAST-CH-C had a high level of equivalence with the original English version and demonstrated a high internal consistency (.71–.89). Confirmatory factor analysis revealed the presence of five factors supporting the conceptual dimension of the original instrument.ConclusionThis study provided initial psychometric properties of the ICAST-CH-C and supports it as a reliable, valid, and highly usable instrument to identify childhood victimization in adolescents. It provided health care professionals with a useful tool to assess the severity and prevalence of child maltreatment within Chinese communities.     

Impact of investing in quality improvement on (Q,r, L) model involving the imperfect production process

This paper investigates the impact of quality improvement on the modified lot size reorder point models involving variable lead time and partial backorders. The formulated models include the imperfect production process and an investing option of improving the process quality. The objective is simultaneously optimizing the lot size, reorder point, process quality level and lead time. We first assume that the lead time demand follows a normal distribution, then relax this assumption to consider the distribution-free case where only the mean and standard deviation of lead time demand are known. An algorithm procedure of finding the optimal solution is developed, and two numerical examples are given to illustrate the results.     

三维有限元渗流模拟计算在蟒河口水库防渗设计中的应用

蟒河口水库工程天然来水量较小，开发目标高，采取有效的防渗处理措施才能保证水库开发要求的蓄水量．工程中采用三维有限元渗流模拟计算对防渗处理措施进行复核．根据计算结果，对防渗措施进行调整、优化，确定了经济、高效的防渗方案．通过工程经验类比知，计算所采用的方法和最终得到的结果是满意的．     

粗集与神经网络相结合的股票价格预测模型

粗集和神经网络结合反映了人类智能的定性和定量、清晰和隐含、串行和并行相互交叉混合的常规思维机理。本文建立这样一种混合杂交模型用于股票价格波动趋势的预测,通过粗集对数据的二维约简预处理消除了样本中的噪声和冗余,在提高神经网络预测精度的同时降低了学习负担。为了获得最优的预测精度,本文还利用遗传算法进行属性离散化和网络学习。通过对上证综指的实证研究表明,这种混合杂交模型的性能明显优于BP和GA神经网络模型。     

浅议多媒体教学信息素材库的建立

本文讨论了计算机辅助教学中多媒体教学信息素材库的构建和特点。     

产品品种繁多类型企业投入产出表的处理思想与方法

对于生产装配性产品的机械企业，由于产品与原材料种类繁多，将造成企业投入产出表的规模庞大，致使投入产出表的编制、计算和使用产生诸多问题，甚至难以实现。为了控制表的规模，常采用将消耗量相近、生产工艺相近的产品合并的做法。但这种做法严重影响了投入产出表的精度和应用效果。因此，本文讨论了更为有效的解决这类问题的思想和方法。     

Ng10二通插装阀结构形状及参数的试验研究

本文提出了测量Ng10二通插装阀静,动态性能的试验方法,测试了阀套开口形状、各种尾部结构的阀芯、阀芯行程、阀芯锥度、控制盖板阻尼孔尺寸等结构形状参数对插装阀静、动态性能的影响,并对试验结果进行了对比分析.在此基础上.确定了本文述及条件下的最佳结构形状和参数.     

上市公司资产重组多维透视

上市公司、地方政府、证券商、买壳企业、社会公众投资人 ,在资产重组中各自扮演不同角色 ;上市公司热心于重组意在“保牌”和“圈钱” ,地方政府热衷于重组意在维护“诸侯经济”利益 ;“报表重组”、“资产拼盘”、“合同重组”、“年末重组”、“赶时髦重组”是重组中的倾向性问题 ;认识重组的真正目的 ,确立重组成效的客观标准、规范重组中的政府行为正当其时     

Changes in functional limitation and survival among older Taiwanese, 1993, 1996, and 1999

Using data from the Survey of Health and Living Status of the Elderly in Taiwan, we investigate changes in difficulties in walking and climbing stairs, tasks that represent basic lower-body movements less likely to be influenced by changes in environment and social roles than are activities and instrumental activities of daily living. Results are shown for unadjusted prevalence rates and rates adjusted for changes in population composition. The findings indicate that Taiwan does not appear to be experiencing the improvements in functioning witnessed recently in the United States. Prevalence of functional limitation increased between 1993 and 1996 and between 1996 and 1999. One possible reason is the change in old-age survival, which appears to have benefited those who have functional limitations, especially in a severe form. The Universal Health Insurance programme, established in 1995, may have increased access to care and thus the survival of those in poorest health.     

城市“低保”问题研究

城市最低生活保障制度是实现国家长治久安的社会稳定机制、经济调节机制和政治调节机制.建立城市居民最低生活保障制度,有利于化解社会矛盾、维护社会稳定、促进社会公平、保证深化改革、扩大开放、促进发展,落实"三个代表"重要思想和十六大精神,是一项社会效益极佳的民心工程.实施城市最低生活保障制度以来,对于稳定城市社会、促进城市经济、社会发展起到了积极作用.但是,由于我国经济、社会结构急剧转型,使推行城市最低生活保障制度和实现"应保尽保"工作中,产生了一些问题,并制约着城市"低保"的调节作用.研究城市"低保"问题,提出相应的政策建议,构筑牢固的城市最后"安全网"具有极其重要的意义.