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131.
Michal Myck Olivier Bargain Miriam Beblo Denis Beninger Richard Blundell Raquel Carrasco Maria-Concetta Chiuri François Laisney Valérie Lechene Ernesto Longobardi Nicolas Moreau Javier Ruiz-Castillo Frederic Vermeulen 《Review of Economics of the Household》2006,4(2):129-158
A framework for simplified implementation of the collective model of labor supply decisions is presented in the context of
fiscal reforms in the UK. Through its collective form the model accounts for the well known problem of distribution between
wallet and purse, a broadly debated issue which has so far been impossible to model due to the limitations of the unitary
model of household behavior. A calibrated data set is used to model the effects of introducing two forms of the Working Families’
Tax Credit. We also summarize results of estimations and calibrations obtained using the same methodology on data from five
other European countries. The results underline the importance of taking account of the intrahousehold decision process and
suggest that who receives government transfers does matter from the point of view of labor supply and welfare of household
members. They also highlight the need for more research into models of household behavior.
相似文献
Michal MyckEmail: |
132.
Collective Models of Labor Supply with Nonconvex Budget Sets and Nonparticipation: A Calibration Approach 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Frederic Vermeulen Olivier Bargain Miriam Beblo Denis Beninger Richard Blundell Raquel Carrasco Maria-Concetta Chiuri François Laisney Valérie Lechene Nicolas Moreau Michal Myck Javier Ruiz-Castillo 《Review of Economics of the Household》2006,4(2):113-127
We suggest a methodology to calibrate a collective model with household-specific bargaining rules and marriage-specific preferences
that incorporate leisure externalities. The empirical identification relies on the assumption that some aspects of individual
preferences remain the same after marriage, so that estimation on single individuals can be used. The procedure maps the complete
Pareto frontier of each household in the dataset and we define alternative measures of a power index. The latter is then regressed
on relevant bargaining factors, including a set of variables retracing the potential relative contributions of the spouses
to household disposable income. In its capacity to handle complex budget sets and labor force participation decisions of both
spouses, this framework allows the comparison of unitary and collective predictions of labor supply reactions and welfare
changes entailed by fiscal reforms in a realistic setting (see Michal Myck et al., 2006; Denis Beninger et al., 2006).
相似文献
Frederic VermeulenEmail: |
133.
134.
This chapter examines the role of a national network of local and regional intermediary organizations in initiating and sustaining community-based youth worker professional development systems. This approach is instructive for other intermediaries in establishing training standards, assessing impact, providing organizational supports for youth development workers, and going to scale. 相似文献
135.
It has been recently demonstrated that mindfulness-based intervention may be particularly suitable for addressing sexual difficulties in women. Although the Five-Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ) is currently one of the most widely used scales to assess mindfulness, no adaptation and validation of the FFMQ to measure female sexual functioning has been published. The main aim of this study was to develop and validate a sexual version of the Five Facets Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ-S) to specifically measure mindfulness in the context of sexual encounters. A total of 251 healthy, French-speaking female volunteers were administered the FFMQ-S, the original FFMQ, and the Female Sexual Distress Scale (FSDS-R). Confirmatory factor analyses indicated that the FFMQ-S exhibits a five-factor model, as implied by the original FFMQ. Good scale reliability was observed. The FFMQ-S showed significant correlations with the FSDS-R and the usual FFMQ. Scores on the FFMQ-S correlated significantly more negatively with the total FSDS-R score than with the total score of the original version of the FFMQ. These findings clearly support the relevance of developing a version of the FFMQ tailored to sexual functioning. 相似文献
136.
Kolodinsky J Labrecque J Doyon M Reynolds T Oble F Bellavance F Marquis M 《Journal of American college health : J of ACH》2008,57(2):143-149
OBJECTIVE: Functional foods (FF)--foods containing nutritional supplements in addition to natural nutrients--have an increasing presence in the marketplace. Expanding on previous research, the authors investigated college students' acceptance of FF. PARTICIPANTS: In September--March 2004, 811 undergraduates in Canada, the United States, and France participated in the study. METHODS: A self-administered questionnaire measured students' general food attitudes and beliefs as well as FF-related knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, and purchase intention. RESULTS: Overall, participants slightly favored FF over traditional foods. However, although most respondents associated FF with positive health benefits, many remained dubious of currently available FF information. In terms of culture and sex, the authors found small but significant divergences in FF knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors. CONCLUSIONS: Stronger labeling and education efforts may increase cross-cultural acceptance of FF by college students. 相似文献
137.
Alkema L Raftery AE Gerland P Clark SJ Pelletier F Buettner T Heilig GK 《Demography》2011,48(3):815-839
We describe a Bayesian projection model to produce country-specific projections of the total fertility rate (TFR) for all
countries. The model decomposes the evolution of TFR into three phases: pre-transition high fertility, the fertility transition,
and post-transition low fertility. The model for the fertility decline builds on the United Nations Population Division’s
current deterministic projection methodology, which assumes that fertility will eventually fall below replacement level. It
models the decline in TFR as the sum of two logistic functions that depend on the current TFR level, and a random term. A
Bayesian hierarchical model is used to project future TFR based on both the country’s TFR history and the pattern of all countries.
It is estimated from United Nations estimates of past TFR in all countries using a Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm. The
post-transition low fertility phase is modeled using an autoregressive model, in which long-term TFR projections converge
toward and oscillate around replacement level. The method is evaluated using out-of-sample projections for the period since
1980 and the period since 1995, and is found to be well calibrated. 相似文献
138.
Schumacher JA Coffey SF Norris FH Tracy M Clements K Galea S 《Violence and victims》2010,25(5):588-603
This study sought to establish the prevalence and correlates of intimate partner violence (IPV) victimization in the 6 months before and after Hurricane Katrina. Participants were 445 married or cohabiting persons who were living in the 23 southernmost counties of Mississippi at the time of Hurricane Katrina. Data for this study were collected as part of a larger, population-based, representative study. The percentage of women reporting psychological victimization increased from 33.6% prior to Hurricane Katrina to 45.2% following Hurricane Katrina (p < .001). The percentage of men reporting psychological victimization increased from 36.7% to 43.1% (p = .01). Reports of physical victimization increased from 4.2% to 8.3% for women (p = .01) but were unchanged for men. Significant predictors of post-Katrina victimization included pre-Katrina victimization, age, educational attainment, marital status, and hurricane-related stressors. Reports of IPV were associated with greater risk of post-Katrina depression and posttraumatic stress disorder. Data from the first population-based study to document IPV following a large-scale natural disaster suggest that IPV may be an important but often overlooked public health concern following disasters. 相似文献
139.
This work aims at assessing, in the French Mediterranean area, the spatio-temporal trends of fires, including their causes, at fine scale (communities), comparing different periods between 1993 and 2017. These trends were compared to those of land-cover and wildland-urban interface (WUI) which were coupled with a spatial analysis of the ignitions in order to highlight the main drivers and preferential areas. Fire density was highly variable among communities, hotspots being located mostly close to big cities but spatially varying in time in contrast to fire occurrence and burned area. A decrease in the unknown cause proportion and a variation of the cause frequency were highlighted among periods, criminal fires being the most frequent and deleterious, especially before 2009, as well as those due to negligence during private activities, mostly after 2009. Land cover classes significantly varied among periods, artificialized and natural areas presenting a reversed trend compared with agricultural areas. Natural areas were the most affected by ignitions (60%), regardless of the period; this trend is slowly decreasing. WUI represented ∼30% of the study area, the different types varying spatially (denser clustered types mostly located in the South-East) and showed an increase over time, especially for both clustered types but with high variability among communities. Half of the ignitions occurred in WUI, with “very dense clustered” and “scattered” types being the most affected, especially in 2009. Better understanding the spatio-temporal evolution of fires and of their causes should allow refining the fire policies in terms of awareness raising, firefighting means, and land management. 相似文献
140.