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101.
Giancarlo Diana Marco Giordan Pier Francesco Perri 《Statistical Methods and Applications》2011,20(2):123-140
Starting from the Rao (Commun Stat Theory Methods 20:3325–3340, 1991) regression estimator, we propose a class of estimators for the unknown mean of a survey variable when auxiliary information
is available. The bias and the mean square error of the estimators belonging to the class are obtained and the expressions
for the optimum parameters minimizing the asymptotic mean square error are given in closed form. A simple condition allowing
us to improve the classical regression estimator is worked out. Finally, in order to compare the performance of some estimators
with the regression one, a simulation study is carried out when some population parameters are supposed to be unknown. 相似文献
102.
Torsten Persson Guido Tabellini Francesco Trebbi 《Journal of the European Economic Association》2003,1(4):958-989
Is corruption systematically related to electoral rules? Recent theoretical work suggests a positive answer. But little is known about the data. We try to address this lacuna by relating corruption to different features of the electoral system in a sample of about eighty democracies in the 1990s. We exploit the cross‐country variation in the data, as well as the time variation arising from recent episodes of electoral reform. The evidence is consistent with the theoretical priors. Larger voting districts—and thus lower barriers to entry—are associated with less corruption, whereas larger shares of candidates elected from party lists—and thus less individual accountability—are associated with more corruption. Individual accountability appears to be most strongly tied to personal ballots in plurality‐rule elections, even though open party lists also seem to have some effect. Because different aspects roughly offset each other, a switch from strictly proportional to strictly majoritarian elections only has a small negative effect on corruption. (JEL: E62, H3) 相似文献
103.
Dugato Marco Calderoni Francesco Campedelli Gian Maria 《Social indicators research》2020,147(1):237-261
Social Indicators Research - While indicators assessing the quality of life often comprise measures of crime or fear of crime, these components usually refer to property or violent crimes. More... 相似文献
104.
Francesco Cerchiaro 《Identities: Global Studies in Culture and Power》2019,26(1):51-68
This work draws on the life stories of 18 couples, of which the men, married to Italian women, come from majority-Muslim countries. These couples incorporate more layers of differences: religious, as the two partners are socialised into both Islam and Catholicism, and racial-ethnic, as a white Italian partner is married to a non-white immigrant partner. Partners’ narratives are analysed according to the naming practices they adopt. Although mixed marriages are interpreted as a gradual loosening of traditional ties, naming practices show how their choices are connected with couples’ racial, ethnic and faith backgrounds, the expectations of the family of origin and the social context. Three naming processes are identified: double names to signal a ‘pact of equity’ between parents’ cultural heritages, alternation of names to reflect the couple’s ‘mutual migration’ over time and names which transmit minority ethnic and religious identities. The conclusions note how naming choices highlight different parenting strategies in dealing with pluralism in everyday family life. 相似文献
105.
Francesco C. Billari 《Journal of Population Research》2001,18(2):119-142
The quantitative analysis of life courses has to deal with a complex pattern of interrelated events and trajectories. Such
a complex pattern needs complex measurement tools, even if only to describe the experience of cohorts. This paper addresses
the methodological issue of describing the transition to adulthood from a life course perspective, following an event-based
definition. New proposals are developed and traditional approaches are discussed, using Italy as an example. A generalization
of survivor functions for the analysis of the temporal relationships between two events is introduced and applied. The paper
then deals with the problem of describing the process of transition to adulthood as a whole, making use of the sequence analysis
approach with special emphasis on the empirical analyses of the ‘standardization vs individualization’ hypotheses. 相似文献
106.
Francesco C. Billari 《Population studies》2015,69(1):S11-S20
Demographers study population change across time and place, and traditionally they place a strong emphasis on a long-range view of population change. This paper builds on current reflections on how to structure the study of population change and proposes a two-stage perspective. The first stage, discovery, focuses on the production of novel evidence at the population level. The second stage, explanation, develops accounts of demographic change and tests how the action and interaction of individuals generate what is discovered in the first stage. This explanatory stage also provides the foundation for the prediction of demographic change. The transformation of micro-level actions and interactions into macro-level population outcomes is identified as a key challenge for the second stage. Specific instances of research are discussed. 相似文献
107.
Cesare Cavalera Luca Bastiani Pamela Gusmeroli Adelmo Fiocchi Francesco Pagnini Enrico Molinari Gianluca Castelnuovo Sabrina Molinaro 《Journal of gambling studies / co-sponsored by the National Council on Problem Gambling and Institute for the Study of Gambling and Commercial Gaming》2018,34(3):647-657
The present study examined adult gambling behaviours from a local perspective in order to assess the adult at risk and problem gambler’s profile stratified by genre and by different forms of game. 4773 Italian adults from 18 to 94 years old were administered a survey to assess socio-cultural information related to gambling behaviour and the SOGS to evaluate gambling behaviour severity. Logistic regression evidenced that both at risk and problem gamblers are associated with male gender, players that use to play to more than one game, gambling with strategy-based games. People with a gambler father or both parents who used to gamble were significantly more associated with problem gambling behaviour than participants with non-gambler parents. These results present adult profiles of at risk and problem providing a more clear understanding about the relationships between gambling behavior severity and type of gambling. 相似文献
108.
Leonardo Grilli Francesco Innocenti 《Journal of Statistical Computation and Simulation》2017,87(14):2689-2707
Fitting cross-classified multilevel models with binary response is challenging. In this setting a promising method is Bayesian inference through Integrated Nested Laplace Approximations (INLA), which performs well in several latent variable models. We devise a systematic simulation study to assess the performance of INLA with cross-classified binary data under different scenarios defined by the magnitude of the variances of the random effects, the number of observations, the number of clusters, and the degree of cross-classification. In the simulations INLA is systematically compared with the popular method of Maximum Likelihood via Laplace Approximation. By an application to the classical salamander mating data, we compare INLA with the best performing methods. Given the computational speed and the generally good performance, INLA turns out to be a valuable method for fitting logistic cross-classified models. 相似文献
109.
Francesco Ferrante 《Social indicators research》2017,131(2):727-743
The technology of cognitive and non-cognitive skills formation is characterized by the cumulative nature of learning processes and by the presence of significant complementarities and irreversibilities in the acquisition of such skills. From this it follows that, in order to evaluate the quality of individual phases of skills formation, it is necessary to take account of the quality of the human capital entering the training process. It is evident that this aspect is more important, the more advanced the level of education. This paper evaluates the effects of the quality of Italian matriculants at 24 engineering faculties measured with the results of a standardized test on the regularity of university studies. The preliminary results confirm that failing to take account of the incoming quality of students may give rise to significant distortions in the evaluation of the academic productivity of universities. Meritocratic criteria in the allocation of public funds among schools and universities which do not take account of these considerations, in the absence of effective means to support the right to study (especially in the form of grants) would exacerbate the polarization of the educational systems and penalize the less mobile and more talented students. The same outcome can be generated by a misuse of university rankings based on unadjusted performance measures. 相似文献
110.
This study was conducted when Slovenia was still harmonising its environmental legislation with the acquis communautaire; a process that today has been fully completed. Moreover, Slovenian state intervention in favour of rural development aims
to stimulate both the conservation of natural resources and the growth of the primary sector. In this paper we suggest that
these issues could be addressed through the application of multivariate statistics and multicriteria decision methods. By
using these methods it would be possible to achieve a better understanding of the importance of territorial structure and
socioeconomic characteristics. Our aim is to identify institutional agricultural measures that are able to protect the environment. 相似文献