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81.
Wun-Tat Chan Francis Y. L. Chin Yong Zhang Hong Zhu Hong Shen Prudence W. H. Wong 《Journal of Combinatorial Optimization》2006,11(2):177-187
We study the problem of (off-line) broadcast scheduling in minimizing total flow time and propose a dynamic programming approach
to compute an optimal broadcast schedule. Suppose the broadcast server has k pages and the last page request arrives at time n. The optimal schedule can be computed in O(k3(n+k)k−1) time for the case that the server has a single broadcast channel. For m channels case, i.e., the server can broadcast m different pages at a time where m < k, the optimal schedule can be computed in O(nk−m) time when k and m are constants. Note that this broadcast scheduling problem is NP-hard when k is a variable and will take O(nk−m+1) time when k is fixed and m ≥ 1 with the straightforward implementation of the dynamic programming approach.
The preliminary version of this paper appeared in Proceedings of the 11th Annual International Computing and Combinatorics
Conference as “Off-line Algorithms for Minimizing the Total Flow Time in Broadcast Scheduling”. 相似文献
82.
The primary purpose of this study was to empirically examine whether or not informational impediments impair or alter decision making, with specific focus on capital budgeting decisions. Based on detailed interviews of senior corporate executives, it appears that management information systems (MIS) are less than adequate in providing the information items required to utilize the non-naive methods of capital budgeting. It is therefore suggested that the MIS concept be vastly broadened in regard to such decisions. 相似文献
83.
84.
The authors examine alliances involving inter-firm co-operation which they term ‘multi-point alliances’. These are first defined and considered in varying degrees of complexity. A typology of multi-point alliances is produced, and interviews conducted with French and Spanish corporations followed by a two-stage questionnaire survey of France's largest corporations. The dynamics of multi-point co-operation were then examined. The results include support for the authors' research hypothesis that both business complexity (scope) and organizational complexity (structure) impact the evolution of co-operation: the higher the complexity, the more likely the co-operative arrangement will diverge from its initial objective. 相似文献
85.
Chester A. Schriesheim Stephanie L. Castro Xiaohua Zhou Francis J. Yammarino 《The Leadership Quarterly》2001,12(4):456
Leadership research has recently begun to emphasize the importance of examining the level of analysis (e.g., individual, dyad, group, organization) at which phenomena are hypothesized to occur. Unfortunately, however, it is still not commonplace for theory to clearly specify, and for investigations to directly test, expected and rival level-of-analysis effects. This article first selectively reviews a cross-section of theories, models, and approaches in leadership, showing generally poor alignment between theory and the level of analysis actually used in its testing. A multiple levels of analysis investigation of the Leader–Member Exchange (LMX) model is next presented. This theory has as its foundation the dyadic relationship between a supervisor and his or her subordinates. Yet, less than 10% of published LMX studies have examined level of analysis—and none has employed dyadic analysis. Using within- and between-entities analysis (WABA) and two different samples, four LMX level-of-analysis representations are tested, which involve monosource data; three of these models are then tested using heterosource data. Overall, good support is found for the LMX approach at the within-groups and between-dyads levels. Implications for aligning theory with appropriate levels of analysis in future research are considered. 相似文献
86.
We propose a generalization of expected utility that we call generalized EU (GEU), where a decision maker’s beliefs are represented by plausibility measures and the decision maker’s tastes are represented
by general (i.e., not necessarily real-valued) utility functions. We show that every agent, “rational” or not, can be modeled
as a GEU maximizer. We then show that we can customize GEU by selectively imposing just the constraints we want. In particular,
we show how each of Savage’s postulates corresponds to constraints on GEU. 相似文献
87.
88.
David Francis Adams Erica Behrens Lianne Gann Eva Schoen 《Journal of American college health : J of ACH》2017,65(2):139-147
Sororities have been identified as placing young women at risk for body image concerns due to a focus on traditional gender role norms and objectification of women. Objective: This study assessed the relationship between conformity to feminine gender role norms, self-objectification, and body image surveillance among undergraduate women. Participants: In a random sample of undergraduates, the authors examined data from sorority and nonsorority women. Methods: In a random sample of undergraduate women, the authors assessed the impact of traditional feminine gender role norms on self-objectification, body image, and feedback regarding physical appearance for sorority and nonsorority undergraduate women. Results: Three linear regressions were conducted, and only conformity to feminine gender role norms contributed significantly in each regression model. Conclusions: Regardless of sorority membership, conformity to feminine gender role norms was found to significantly contribute to increased body consciousness, negative body image, and feedback on physical appearance. 相似文献
89.
Evidence for the use of an algorithm in resolving inconsistent and missing Indigenous status in administrative data collections
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Daniel Christensen Geoff Davis Glenn Draper Francis Mitrou Sybille McKeown David Lawrence Daniel McAullay Glenn Pearson Wavne Rikkers Stephen R. Zubrick 《The Australian journal of social issues》2014,49(4):423-443
Measures of the gap in living standards, life expectancy, education, health and employment between Indigenous and non‐Indigenous Australians are primarily derived from administrative data sources. However, Indigenous identification in these data sources is affected by administrative practices, missing data, inconsistency, and error. As these factors have changed over time, assessing whether the gap between Indigenous and non‐Indigenous Australians has changed over time, based on data unadjusted for these sources of error can potentially lead to misguided conclusions. Combining administrative data on the same individuals collected from different sources provides a method by which a more consistent derived Indigenous status can be applied across all records for an individual within a linked data environment. We used the Western Australian Data Linkage system to produce derived Indigenous statuses for individuals using a range of algorithms. We found that these algorithms reduced the amount of missing data and improved within‐individual consistency. Based on these findings, we recommend our Multi‐Stage Median algorithm be used as the standard indicator of Indigenous status for any reporting based on administrative datasets when multiple datasets are available for linkage, and that algorithmic approaches also be considered for improving the quality of other demographic variables from administrative data sources. 相似文献
90.
Minyoung Cheong Francis J. Yammarino Shelley D. Dionne Seth M. Spain Chou-Yu Tsai 《The Leadership Quarterly》2019,30(1):34-58
Based on a review of empirical literature on empowering leadership, given incongruent and mixed results, the current work suggests reconsidering the effectiveness of empowering leadership. We propose a framework for examining the effectiveness of empowering leadership that considers: 1) feasibility of non-linear main effects of empowering leadership on work-related outcomes, 2) possibility of reverse causation between empowering leadership and work-related outcomes, 3) potential contradictory mediating mechanisms through which empowering leadership influences work-related outcomes, 4) consideration of boundary conditions which could alter the relationships between empowering leadership and work-related outcomes, and 5) consideration of levels-of-analysis and multilevel issues in empowering leadership. Our framework considers the multifaceted nature of empowering leadership and offers a guiding tool for advancing future research in this area. 相似文献