基因序列的可专利性研究

从基因序列的发明发现之争、基因序列的创造性和实用性分析、基因序列专利保护对社会公共利益的影响三个方面出发,对基因序列的专利保护问题进行了深入具体的分析探讨,最终发现:从理论上讲,没有足够充分的理由阻止基因序列的专利保护,但是各国对基因序列的专利保护应当根据本国基因资源拥有、生物科技的发展等具体情况而定。     

The dilemma of recognition: Administrative categories and cultural diversity

Governments around the world combat inequality by means of group-specific redistribution. Some pursue redistribution that benefits groups, but also wish to avoid accentuating or even recognizing group distinctions. This poses a dilemma that they try to resolve by adjusting the category system used to target redistribution. There are three types of adjustment: accommodation (the multicultural approach), denial (the ideal-typical liberal solution), and replacement (a compromise). In replacement the targets of redistributive policies are constructed to avoid accentuation or recognition of inconvenient group distinctions, but still allow redistribution that benefits these groups. Replacement is increasingly in demand around the world because the disadvantages of multiculturalism are becoming apparent while denial is hard to sustain in the face of group inequality. The actual effect of replacement is little researched and less understood, however. Does it resolve the dilemma of recognition? Two examples–India and Nigeria–where replacement has been tried ever since the 1950s cast doubt on its viability.     

Robust confidence interval for a residual standard deviation

The residual standard deviation of a general linear model provides information about predictive accuracy that is not revealed by the multiple correlation or regression coefficients. The classic confidence interval for a residual standard deviation is hypersensitive to minor violations of the normality assumption and its robustness does not improve with increasing sample size. An approximate confidence interval for the residual standard deviation is proposed and shown to be robust to moderate violations of the normality assumption with robustness to extreme non-normality that improves with increasing sample size.     

构建社会主义农村和谐社会思路探析

农村是中国社会的主要根基。因此,构建农村和谐社会是构建社会主义和谐社会的重要内容。构建社会主义农村和谐社会,重点要建立五大机制。     

建立稳定有效的社会信任机制

信任是用于减少社会交往复杂的机制 ,一般有三种形式 :人际信任、社会角色关系信任和外在制约的市场信任。在市场经济条件下 ,建立人与人之间的信任关系是十分重要的 ,它构成该社会经济繁荣与稳定的社会心理基础。本文从社会心理层面 ,探讨社会转型时期 ,传统信任机制失衡之原因 ,分析建立稳定有效的社会信任机制的途径     

佛山市旅游市场结构的初步分析

佛山市旅游发展与其经济发展水平相比相对滞后，旅游市场发育不够完善，在旅游市场结构上表现为：区内客源市场已趋完善，省内近程客源市场正在形成，省内远程客源市场已现端倪，而省外客源市场尚未具备。所以，佛山旅游业的发展要求根据佛山旅游市场结构的特点，有层次性、倾向性和综合性地加强旅游市场的开发。     

Goal Ambiguity and Organizational Performance in U.S. Federal Agencies

In spite of numerous observations that government organizationshave high levels of organizational goal ambiguity that exertmajor influences on their other characteristics, few researchershave measured goal ambiguity and tested these frequent assertions.In previous research, we developed measures of four dimensionsof goal ambiguity: mission comprehension ambiguity, directivegoal ambiguity, evaluative goal ambiguity, and priority goalambiguity. Confirming hypotheses developed from the literatureon public organizations, the latter three variables showed relationsto such organizational characteristics as organizational age,financial publicness (proportion of funding from governmentallocations), and regulatory status. This article reports asecond analytical step of examining the relations between thegoal ambiguity dimensions and indicators of organizational performancebased on responses to the 2000 National Partnership for ReinventingGovernment Survey of federal employees. The performance variablesincluded managerial effectiveness, customer service orientation,productivity, and work quality. Regression analyses with numerouscontrol variables found that directive, evaluative, and prioritygoal ambiguity related negatively to managerial effectiveness.All four performance indicators showed significant negativerelationships with evaluative goal ambiguity and directive goalambiguity. The results provide further evidence of the viabilityof the new measures of goal ambiguity, support theory-basedbut previously untested hypotheses, and further indicate thefeasibility and value of analyzing goal ambiguity of governmentorganizations.