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131.
In recent years, there has been a growing recognition of the reactive way in which policy is translated into practice on the front lines of child and family welfare organizations, particularly in how risk is assessed and responded to by staff at all levels in these organizations. Major reforms to family law in Australia and programmes set up to complement the existing Commonwealth-Funded Family Relationship Services Program provide an opportunity to rethink how staff can be provided with a systematic and research-based set of guidelines for screening and assessment. This paper examines the role of practice frameworks in general and the Australian family relationships screening and assessment practice framework in particular to demonstrate not only how this broader evidence-based approach encourages well-informed, professional and ethical practice but also how it leaves room for creativity and local, place-based responsiveness. 相似文献
132.
The objectives of this study are to compare the sexual concerns, interest and experiences in discussing these concerns with their doctor for women of "Only Men" and "Some to Only Women" sexual orientation. A survey was mailed to women patients from two military outpatient settings, with 1,196 women responding. Of eligible respondents (N = 1,170), 90% reported "Only Men" and 10% reported "Some to Only Women" sexual orientation. Sexual concerns varied by sexual orientation, while interest and experience in discussing sexual concerns and desire for physicians to initiate the topic differed minimally. Women with "Some to Only Women" sexual orientation have both similar and differing sexual concerns compared to "male-only" oriented women. Larger primary care patient-based studies of sexual health care needs of sexual minorities are needed. 相似文献
133.
What do we know about the social networks of single parents who do not use supportive services? 下载免费PDF全文
The role that social support and social networks play in mediating isolation and stress experienced by vulnerable families is well established. However, a major issue facing supportive human services is to find and engage families with limited social networks and link them to supports that could improve outcomes for their families. This paper reports on the results of in‐depth interviews with 20 sole parents with children aged under 5 who were not well connected to services. It documents their social networks with the use of a social network map. Using a social capital lens, the analysis attempts to differentiate the different relationships in the participants' lives. Most participants were not satisfied with their informal networks, with conflicted or ambivalent reliance on family, absence of support and community engagement and fragility of informal networks. Although this group of isolated mothers does encounter the formal service system, the opportunities to increase and strengthen their networks do not eventuate. Better understanding of the nature and extent of social networks can inform practitioners and policy‐makers of the critical factors needed to increase service use for parents with limited resources. 相似文献
134.
Although urbanization is increasing worldwide, relatively few studies have investigated patterns of urban biodiversity outside
of city parks and reserves, in urban neighborhoods where people live and work. We evaluated models including local and landscape
factors that might influence the bee and butterfly richness of community gardens located within densely populated neighborhoods
of the Bronx and East Harlem in New York City (>10,000 people/km2). The gardens were surrounded by buildings and limited amounts of green space (3,600–17,400 building units and 10–32% green
space within a 500 m radius). Contrary to our initial prediction that landscape green space might be especially influential
in this heavily urbanized setting, the most highly supported models for both bee and butterfly richness (based on Akaike Information
Criterion) included just the local, within-garden variables of garden floral area and sunlight availability. There was marginal
support for models of bee richness including the number of building units surrounding gardens within a 500 m radius (which
exhibited a negative association with bee richness). In addition, perhaps because bees are central place foragers that may
nest within or near gardens, supported models of bee species richness also included total garden area, canopy cover, and the
presence of wild/unmanaged area in the garden. Generally, our findings indicate that sunlight and floral abundance are the
major factors limiting local pollinator diversity in this setting. This suggests that rooftop and other “open” urban habitats
might be managed to increase local pollinator diversity, even if seemingly “isolated” within heavily developed neighborhoods. 相似文献
135.
Retention problems in the social work profession have been well documented. There is evidence that social workers experience a shorter working life compared to many other professional groups. Despite existing links between commitment to the job role and important work outcomes such as retention, few studies have investigated commitment in social work students. This study utilised qualitative data to examine this issue from the perspective of seven social work students and three lecturers. Aspects of commitment, as well as associated concepts such as perceptions of support and perspectives on the social work profession were explored. Commitment was primarily seen by students and lecturers as synonymous with dedication to the profession and its values. The extent and nature of support from a range of sources was seen as varying in quality, although peer support was generally seen in positive terms. It is suggested that interventions to enhance peer support have the potential to enhance student commitment and, consequently, retention. 相似文献
136.
Adults who lack decisional capacity and known family or friends to serve as their health care agent are an increasing concern. This article examines the transferability of Texas and Florida legislation, which stipulates the persons eligible to serve as health care decision makers for unbefriended, incapacitated adults in the absence of an advance directive. Texas §313.004 allows for a clergyperson to serve in this role, whereas Florida Ann. §765.401 allows for a social worker with the requisite licensure or training. The authors provide a critical comparative value-committed analysis of the factors that influence state legislation that addresses the needs of unbefriended adults. 相似文献
137.
In this paper we examine the management of human-double-crested cormorant conflicts in urban nature areas using the Leslie
Street Spit in Toronto, Ontario as our focal study area. We examine the management perspectives of various stakeholders and
how they shift over time in response to site ecology and stakeholder input. We categorize management perspectives on a spectrum
from complete human domination to near absence of human intention. Two broad management categories emerge from this framework:
interventionist and laissez-faire. Interventionists recognized need for management of cormorants, laissez-faire argued for
no management of a cormorant colony that has deforested 24% of the site through their nesting activities. We conclude that
for urban nature areas, particularly those with a unique, rare, or contentious ecology, a hands-off, laissez-faire management
approach is not conducive to improving human-nature relations. Rather, for urban nature sites nature management must promote
a respectable balance between human and non-human life, for the long-term benefit of both. 相似文献
138.
Australian governments along with other western countries have made significant changes to the welfare system with a focus on encouraging sole parents on social security payments to move into paid work. This paper reports on in‐depth interviews with 48 sole parents about their experiences with the welfare‐to‐work process and with a range of other services. Although parents reported some positive encounters, they also described a range of negative experiences, including how they needed to repeatedly prove their entitlement to help, leaving them feel as if they were undeserving of support. The study has demonstrated that it is often the most vulnerable parents who feel under close scrutiny and who have to work extra hard to get the help they need. These experiences can also see them disengaging from services. The findings show how the current policy environment adds to the complexity of sole parents' lives reinforcing their disadvantage. 相似文献
139.
Jeong-Kyun Choi Dan Wang Linda Reddish Gail Brand 《Journal of divorce & remarriage》2013,54(8):630-644
ABSTRACTWith a sample of 155 divorcing parents, this study examined the efficacy of a co-parenting program titled Co-Parenting for Successful Kids (CPSK). A prospective longitudinal cohort study was used to assess parental outcomes at multiple time points (i.e., pre-test, post-test, and three-month follow-up). Using validated scales, we measured parenting stress, parenting self-efficacy, and parental anger over time. The results indicated that the participants experienced reduced parenting stress and parental anger, and increased parenting self-efficacy after completion of the co-parenting program. Co-parenting interventions to help divorcing parents with stress management, and continuously work together collaboratively in raising their children should be encouraged. 相似文献
140.
Richard Tessler Robert Rosenheck Gail Gamache 《Journal of Social Distress and the Homeless》2013,22(3):243-254
The purpose of this paper is to illustrate some of the ways in which the perceived pathways into homelessness are socially structured. We do this by examining the relative frequency of 11 different reasons homeless males and females cite for being homeless. Males were more likely to cite the following as their main reasons for homelessness: loss of a job, discharge from an institution, mental health problems, and alcohol or drug problems. Women were more likely to cite the following as their main reason for homelessness: eviction, interpersonal conflict, and someone no longer able or willing to help. Self-reported reasons for being homeless are also related to age, marital status, race, and being a veteran. As expected, they are also linked to receptiveness to treatment. Gender differences in reasons for homelessness may require different approaches to building helping relationships with homeless men and women. 相似文献