Application of Social Choice Theory to Modify the Value Measure of Health Systems

Social Indicators Research - As a new composite indicator for capturing the value delivered by health systems of developing and developed economies, the Value Measure is the arithmetic average of...     

印度对中印跨境河流水关系的认知及战略选择

近年来,印度对中印在跨境河流水关系中的不平衡问题非常重视.其中,水文信息不对称以及收益不平衡是印度对水关系不平衡的两个主要认知.基于中印边境的互动历史,印度在对水关系的认知形成中往往会夸大中国的敌意与威胁.据此,印度试图通过建立制度框架、将中印水争议国际化以及竞争性开发跨境河流水资源的战略思维,平衡中国在雅鲁藏布江—布拉马普特拉河水关系中的优势地位.然而受水外交两面性特征和内政的掣肘,印度平衡战略的影响有限,而且更强化了其对雅鲁藏布江—布拉马普特拉河战略安全收益的重视,并使未来中印双方基于水资源共同利益进行合作的难度加大.     

重大工程复杂性与适应性组织——港珠澳大桥的案例

 重大工程通常由技术难度、系统关联性、未知因素存在巨大差异的异质性子工程组成,不同子工程往往采取不同的组织模式。传统权变理论认为,不同的外部环境需要采用不同的组织模式,组织的构建要适应外部环境的不确定性。但在重大工程中,子工程本身及其环境的复杂性均会产生不确定性,组织模式的选择和构建与子工程的复杂性具有重要的联系。因此,有必要从复杂性的视角解释重大工程的组织多样化现象。        在梳理重大工程复杂性及组织适应性研究的基础上,选择港珠澳大桥工程中的岛隧工程、钢结构工程、路面铺装工程、海事工程等子工程的组织管理实践作为研究对象,通过访谈、参与式专家和文档资料等方式获取相关数据,从复杂性视角对子工程进行分类,界定重大工程适应性组织概念,解析重大工程中不同子工程采取不同组织模式的适应性组织现象,总结构建适应性组织的路径。        基于重大工程复杂性的具体表现即工程技术方案与外部环境的关联性和认知不完备性,构建子工程复杂性评价指标体系,据此将子工程分为复杂性工程、创新性工程、关联性工程和简单工程4种类型;提出重大工程适应性组织概念;得出重大工程适应性组织构建的路径包括组织需求设计和匹配、工程主体创新和构建、组织系统形成和集成、组织职能实现和协同4个步骤。        研究旨在提出重大工程适应性组织概念,揭示重大工程组织模式选择和构建的机理及动态过程,说明重大工程组织模式与工程复杂性之间的关联性,指导其他重大工程组织管理模式的选择和构建。由于单案例研究的局限性,有必要在其他重大工程中对所提出的重大工程适应性组织概念及适应性组织构建过程进行进一步的完善和验证。     

The Role of Family Behaviors in Determining Income Distribution: The Case of South Korea

In this article, we examined what has contributed to the worsening income inequality and poverty between 1996 and 2011 in South Korea. We used a rank-preserving exchange method and a conditional reweighting method to assess the roles of family behaviors—including female labor force participation and family structure—characteristics of household heads, and men’s earnings. The results showed that the change in men’s earnings was a dominant factor in accounting for the increasing income inequality and poverty. The change in age and education among household heads also contributed significantly to the worsening income distribution. The change in family structure mainly affected the income disparity among lower-income families and increased poverty. The rise in women’s labor force participation improved the income distribution but not considerably. The distributional roles of family have not worked to prevent or reverse the worsening income distribution in the past few decades in South Korea.     

明末至清中叶白山派发展述略

本文首先考察了玛哈图木·阿杂木其人其事与白山派的关系,其次着重探讨白山派的早期沿革史,重点放在阿帕克和卓以前的历史活动上.因这段历史比较模糊,易产生混乱,而阿帕克和卓以后的历史发展较清晰,且学术界作过不少研究,所以就这段历史略加叙述.     

《诗经》与先秦崇玉习俗

<诗经>通过日常生活和礼仪生活用玉的描写,生动地反映了先秦崇玉习俗的各个侧面.我们通过对这些材料的梳理,可以看出:玉是先秦时期沟通世俗与神圣的媒介,<诗>中的玉意象也折射出人们心灵世界的光芒.     

黎族"禁"习惯法的演变

"禁"是黎族传统文化中特有的一种现象.黎族"禁"习惯法主要包括"查禁"和"除禁"两个方面."禁" 习惯法的演变经历:产生、兴盛、衰落、消亡四个阶段.这一演变过程与黎族社会历史类型的转变相对应,是内外因长期综合作用的结果.     

女娲"人首蛇身"形象的结构分析

本文通过古籍中对女娲记载的分析,确定大约汉代时人们对女娲人首蛇身的形象已经形成相对一致的认识;并从野性的思维角度重新审视半人半兽形象的由来,认为人首蛇身是思维对自然—文化秩序进行调和的产物,并具体结合女娲神话分析了人首蛇身的来源和内涵,以及蛇身在大母神形象中的意义、蛇多样的象征意义对女娲神格的影响。     

浅析《爱弥儿》中的青年社会交往观

卢梭在《爱弥儿》一书中,通过对青年爱弥儿的道德教育的论述表达了他关于青年社会交往的观点。《爱弥儿》中的青年交往观主要包括青年社会交往的必要性、青年社会交往的基本原则以及青年在社会交往中的具体行为表现等内容。卢梭的青年社会交往观以自然主义教育思想为基础,虽然带有一定的空想性,且主要针对的是18世纪的法国社会现实,有其时代局限性,但对于现代青年社会交往仍具有重要启示意义,特别是青年参与社会交往必须遵循一定的原则,青年社会交往应讲求一定的艺术和方法等观点值得加以借鉴和参考,使其对现代青年社会交往发挥指导作用。     

The Role of Family SES and Language Background in Shaping the Well-Being of Children of Asian Origin in the Context of School Mobility

Using a sample of children of Asian origin from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study–Kindergarten Cohort (N ≈ 1,480), this study examines the relationship between school mobility and children’s well-being trajectories from kindergarten to fifth grade, paying particular attention to whether such relationships differ by child language status and family socioeconomic status. Considering a rich set of characteristics including family and school environments, the growth curve analyses indicate that children who had ever changed schools during these years performed worse on their reading and math scores, as well as being reported by teachers to have worse internalizing behaviors. This was only true when these children were from low-SES families or when their language background was predominately non-English-speaking. In contrast, children who changed schools at least once performed as well as, if not better than, their peers if they were from high-SES families or if they had a bilingual background (speaking both English and a non-English language). This study explores both the risk and the protective factors that help explain the well-being trajectories of children of Asian origins.