观念竞合与国际体系的变迁

观念在国际关系中的作用及重要性已是不言而喻。在过去的四百多年里,国家主义和保守主义分别主导、塑造了威斯特伐利亚体系及维也纳体系,而威尔逊式的理想主义虽然塑造了凡尔赛—华盛顿体系,但主导该时期的却是激进主义。直到雅尔塔体系时期,民族主义才终于打败了帝国主义,自由主义则成功战胜了极权主义。因此,国际体系确立的背后是观念分配竞合的结果,是主流观念取向在竞合中占据主导地位的过程。观念作为深层次因素,始终是影响、塑造国际体系的更新与变迁的不可或缺的力量。     

城中有万泉

沈阳有“万泉河”,还有“万泉公园”.“万泉”这名字好听,不是哪儿都能有的.中国除了沈阳,只有北京和海南岛有“万泉河”.连素有“泉城”之称的济南都不敢称“万泉”.汉时山西运城有个“万泉县”,以城东山谷中有井泉一百余口而得名,后改名万荣县,那井泉一百余口的地方只能称“万泉乡”了,声名当然远没有沈阳“万泉”叫得响.     

那寺那狗那温泉

辽海之地多温泉,其中最有历史、最有名气者当属称为“狗儿汤”的本溪温泉寺。它深藏在长白山西缘的太子河边,群山环抱,雾绕云蒸,早年只有通过太子河航运才能与外界沟通。     

挈篮日月潭

时隔八年,再到台湾日月潭,似乎已认不出来这个山水形胜之地了.和八年前相比,如今的日月潭不仅人声鼎沸,而且湖畔还增加了许多精巧的现代建筑和活动的船码头.在到湖边邵族"原力"旅游中心的路上,我想起了八年前曾买到过"竹衣葫芦"的旧物店.     

China's energy inefficiency: A cross-country comparison

This paper constructs a total-factor energy technical efficiency index using the data envelopment analysis (DEA) method following the total factor productivity framework. We then compare energy technical efficiency across 156 countries from 1980 to 2007. The results show that China's energy efficiency considerably trails other countries’ although it has made significant gains within the last 28 years. Further analysis indicates that scale inefficiency rather than pure technical efficiency contributes to China's energy inefficiency.     

Real-life closeness of social media contacts and depressive symptoms among university students

ABSTRACT

Objective: To examine the association between degree of real-life closeness of social media (SM) contacts and depressive symptoms. Participants: Students ages 18–30 (N = 1124) were recruited in August 2016. Methods: Participants completed an online survey assessing SM use and depression. We used multivariable logistic regression to assess associations between real-life closeness of SM contacts and depressive symptoms. Results: After controlling for covariates, each 10% increase in the proportion of SM friends with whom participants had no face-to-face relationship was associated with a 9% increase in odds of depressive symptoms (AOR = 1.09; 95% CI = 1.05–1.13). However, each 10% increase in the proportion of SM friends with whom participants had a close face-to-face relationship was associated with a 7% decrease in depressive symptoms (AOR = 0.93; 95% CI = 0.89–0.97). Conclusions: Having no in-person relationship with SM contacts is associated with increased depressive symptoms; however, having close in-person relationships with SM contacts is associated with decreased depressive symptoms.     

中国高校知识产权教育落后的原因及对策

在21世纪的知识经济时代,知识产权成为国与国之间核心竞争力的重要体现,世界各国均非常重视知识产权教育.目前,我国高校的知识产权教育水平还比较落后,定位仍存在一定的误区,教学针对性不强,师资力量严重匮乏.为此,应在转变教育理念,改革教学内容体系,加强师资队伍建设等方面对在校大学生进行知识产权教育.     

Impacts of agricultural to urban land-use change on floristic quality assessment indicators in Northeastern Illinois wetlands

Northeastern Illinois is under heavy urban sprawl pressure leading to changes in land-use and negative impacts on existing wetlands directly adjacent to these new developments. Determining the impact of land-use changes on wetlands is important as it can have management and preservation implications within this region. One tool to evaluate these changes is the Floristic Quality Assessment (FQA), a method based on plant species composition at a site and the individual species habitat affinity and disturbance tolerance. The objectives of this study were to: 1) determine how wetland size, impervious surface, and distance from development influence FQA indicators and 2) determine if period (before/after development) and buffer size affect FQA indicators. Fourteen wetlands located in Northeastern Illinois were surveyed during 2004 through 2006 (prior development) and revisited in 2008 (post development). Positive correlations between wetland size and FQA indicators and between impervious surface and percent native species were found. In addition, species richness increased after development occurred and wetlands with larger buffers had higher percentages of native species. This study has demonstrated that larger wetlands are more diverse and land-use changes may not decrease wetland plant diversity in the short term in an urban setting.     

The Production of Erotica: Photobooks of Teenage Models in Hong Kong

This article examines the production of erotica in a Chinese cultural context. It takes the photo books featuring teenage models published in Hong Kong in 2010 as case studies in which a total of 2,205 photographs of teenage models were analyzed. In-depth interviews were conducted with six producers of these images. It was found that the set of erotic pictures was characterized by three distinctive features. First, they emphasized a look of innocence that suggested purity, fragility, and delicacy. Second, albeit being sexy and desirable, the girls were often presented as if they were unaware of their sexiness. The implication was that their sexiness was unintentional and, thus, the girls were not to blame. Finally, a sense of intimacy was purposefully built between the models and readers by constituting a direct gaze and presenting models as ordinary “girls next door.” All these echoed the emphasis of female chastity in Chinese culture. It appears that in Hong Kong, where sexuality issues often provoke debates, the producers of sexy images have benefited from media controversies. By heightening expectations of potential customers, they fuel the “erotic” imagination of the readers. The production of erotica is, hence, completed through a collaboration between teenage models, producers, marketers, and consumers.     

健康舒适视角下城市地下空间规划设计思路初探

随着城市人口的增长,地面空间不足的问题日益突出,而地下空间开发可有效解决该问题.长期以来,我国地下空间规划设计大多从集约利用空间、节约资源能源、保护生态环境等角度出发,对地下空间使用者的健康舒适这一视角关注较少.在解析健康、舒适与地下空间概念的基础上,基于环境心理学中的Vischer舒适理论,构建地下空间健康舒适构成要素的关系框架,并在总结国内外相关研究和地下空间主要特征的基础上,从通风系统、视觉舒适、安全感、声舒适四个方面提出了健康舒适视角下地下空间规划设计思路,从健康与舒适的视角丰富了国内城市地下空间规划设计的相关理论.