季度国内生产总值核算准确性和时效性的提高

季度国内生产总值核算准确性和时效性的提高杜旭光,胡永跃国内生产总值是新国民经济核算体系的核心指标,是衡量一个国家或地区经济实力的主要指标之一。我国自１９８５年开展国民生产总值年度试算工作后,１９９２年起又开始了国内生产总值的季度核算工作。季度核算工作...     

Planar graphs without chordal 5-cycles are 2-good

Let G be a connected graph with \(n\ge 2\) vertices. Suppose that a fire breaks out at a vertex v of G. A firefighter starts to protect vertices. At each step, the firefighter protects two vertices not yet on fire. At the end of each step, the fire spreads to all the unprotected vertices that have a neighbour on fire. Let sn\(_2(v)\) denote the maximum number of vertices in G that the firefighter can save when a fire breaks out at vertex v. The 2-surviving rate \(\rho _2(G)\) of G is defined to be the real number \(\frac{1}{n^2} \sum _{v\in V(G)} \mathrm{sn}_2(v)\). Then it is obvious that \(0<\rho _2(G)<1\). The graph G is called 2-good if there is a constant \(c>0\) such that \(\rho _2(G)>c\). In this paper, we prove that every planar graph with \(n\ge 2\) vertices and without chordal 5-cycles is 2-good.     

明清保歇制度初探——以县域"保歇"为中心

保歇制度曾盛行于明中期至清初,就县域"保歇"而言,是县衙与乡民之间的中间机构,是政府为了追征赋役和词讼审理的方便而设置的一种制度,在政府方面言其为保户,在乡民方面则言其为歇家,故合称为"保歇".保歇延伸出来的异名非常多,有"歇保"、"保家"、"保户"、"保识"、"里歇"、"安保"、"主户"等等,纷繁复杂.保歇的设置多以里为单位,政府赋予保歇的核心职责主要是追征赋役、拘禁里长或纳户、勾摄、拘提、引领所保里长到衙门赴比等;就乡民而言,歇家几乎成为了他们进城的桥梁,不管是应役、交纳赋税,还是进城贸易、打官司皆需经过歇家这个环节,使歇家成为了实际控制乡村的势力群体.     

论文学与政治的意蕴交映——2010年诺贝尔文学奖评奖感思

略萨因对专制政权的痛恨和民众反抗精神的精致描写而获2010年诺贝尔文学奖,这一事实印证了文学与政治的关系:文学是对人类自身的研究,是对不同社会制度下的人际关系和人的生存困境的思考,这就是文学与政治的不解之缘。在政治哲学层面上,文学的政治性表现为文艺作品对人类理想社会的追求与探索,因而具有政治文化的意识形态作用;在政论性文学层面上,文学文本直接服务于国家政权的诉求,因而具有政治认同的历史作用。略萨的文学创作两者兼而有之,不仅为文学与政治的相互包蕴树立了典范,也为困境中的当代文学指明了发展方向。     

Comparing American college and noncollege young adults on e-cigarette use patterns including polysubstance use and reasons for using e-cigarettes

Abstract

Objective: Existing literature on young adults’ e-cigarette and polysubstance use focused on college students. This study examined the differences between college and noncollege groups on prevalence and patterns of e-cigarette and other substance use using data from a national survey. Participants: Adults aged 18–24 from the 2013–2014 Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study (n?=?6,608). Methods: Independent sample t-tests and Chi-square tests were conducted to examine group differences. Results: Noncollege young adults had higher prevalence of cigarette, e-cigarette, and marijuana use; college students had higher prevalence of alcohol use. Among current e-cigarette users, college students had higher prevalence of polysubstance use of alcohol and marijuana. College students used e-cigarettes for socializing purposes more. Conclusions: Differences in prevalence and patterns of e-cigarette and other substance use between college and noncollege groups exist. Future interventions should target the social context of college life and reach out to noncollege young adults in workplaces.     

Conditional design of the CUSUM median chart for the process position when process parameters are unknown

In practice, different practitioners will use different Phase I samples to estimate the process parameters, which will lead to different Phase II control chart's performance. Researches refer to this variability as between-practitioners-variability of control charts. Since between-practitioners-variability is important in the design of the CUSUM median chart with estimated process parameters, the standard deviation of average run length (SDARL) will be used to study its properties. It is shown that the CUSUM median chart requires a larger amount of Phase I samples to sufficiently reduce the variation in the in-control ARL of the CUSUM median chart. Considering the limitation of the amount of the Phase I samples, a bootstrap approach is also used here to adjust the control limits of the CUSUM median chart. Comparisons are made for the CUSUM and Shewhart median charts with estimated parameters when using the adjusted- and unadjusted control limits and some conclusions are made.     

在当代大学生中推进马克思主义大众化探析

在大学生中推进马克思主义大众化是作为世界观和方法论的马克思主义理论的内在要求,是大学生所承担的历史使命的要求,是大学生全面发展的要求,也是中国特色社会主义实践面临的新情况、新挑战的需要。面对当代部分大学生缺乏坚定理想信念,持马克思主义＂过时论＂＂无用论＂观点的现状,需要通过提供马克思主义大众化的学理支撑,坚持主体性教育、形象教育和实践锻炼等途径,提高在大学生中传播马克思主义的实效性。     

高校德育发展态势及其转型

受文化多元化以及我国社会深刻变革的影响,大学生思想和价值观念激荡和碰撞产生诸多矛盾与困惑。在多元文化环境下高校德育的“一元文化”面临新的问题和严峻挑战。高校德育的发展模式应实现一元主导与多元并存的协调,个人目标与国家目标的统一,社会、学校与家庭的有机结合,个人幸福与共同理想的有机转换以及“知行合一”的德育内容方法创新等五个方面的转型,提升高校德育的实效性。     

重庆民族地区县域经济产业结构调整研究——以石柱土家族自治县为例

重庆民族地区的自然资源相当丰富,但经济发展远落后于主城区,因此产业结构调整迫在眉睫.石柱土家族自治县应立足于其资源优势,以绿色生态为基础,积极推进农业产化经营.并且依托特色资源,发展特色工业,培养特色品牌,构造特色经济.同时,努力营造大环境,拓展大市场,发展大旅游,把石柱建设成为三峡库区融休闲观光于一体的生态旅游大县.     

元代蒙古族萨满教探析

本文使用<蒙古秘史>等蒙语文献史料和手抄本,借鉴中外学者的相关成果,同时利用现代田野调查资料,研究元代蒙古族萨满教信仰,分析蒙古族原生态宗教的内容、形式和发展演变轨迹.