温度、时间和水分对配合饲料脂质酸败的影响

采用三因素二次回归正交组合设计 ,研究了温度 (6～ 4 2℃ )、时间 (3～ 57d)和水分 (9%～ 1 8% )与配合饲料 (1 0～ 2 0kg仔猪 )脂质酸败的关系。试验结果表明 :脂质水解酸败随着温度升高、时间延长和水分含量升高 ,呈极显著线性增强 (P <0 .0 1 )。水分范围 1 6%～ 1 8%配合饲料脂质氧化酸败最慢 ,随着饲料水分含量的降低 (低于 1 6% ) ,温度的升高 (6～ 4 2℃ )和时间的延长 (3～ 57d) ,脂质氧化酸败显著地增强 (P <0 .0 5)。水分含量 1 6% ,贮藏温度低于 2 0 .6℃ ,贮藏时间在 2 4 .0d内 ,饲料未产生酸败味     

The Influence of Advance Letters on Response in Telephone Surveys: A Meta-Analysis

Recently, the leading position of telephone surveys as the majormode of data collection has been challenged. Telephone surveyssuffer from a growing nonresponse, partly due to the generalnonresponse trend for all surveys and partly due to changesin society and technology influencing contactability and willingnessto answer. One way to counteract the increasing nonresponseis the use of an advance letter. In mail and face-to-face surveys,advance letters have been proven effective. Based on the proveneffectiveness in face-to-face and mail surveys, survey handbooksadvise the use of advance letters in telephone surveys. Thisstudy reviews the evidence for this advice and presents a quantitativesummary of empirical studies on the effectiveness of advanceletters in raising the response rate for telephone surveys.The major conclusion is that advance letters are also an effectivetool in telephone surveys, with an average increase in responserate (RR1) from 58 percent (no letter) to 66 percent (advanceletter), and an average increase in cooperation rate (COOP1)from 64 percent (no letter) to 75 percent (advance letter).     

Understanding sources and types of social capital in Peru

Social capital is broadly defined as the ‘value’of social relationships. A substantial amount of work has beenconducted into the role of social capital, but little of ithas focused on Latin America and Peru in particular. Standardtools are often used to measure social capital in differentcultural settings. We argue that while there are common themes,the exact nature of social capital is dependent upon the specificnorms of behaviour, networks and organizations that characterizea given setting. Social capital is a multidimensional and culturallyspecific concept. The contribution that different organizationsand networks make to different aspects of social capital variesby setting (rural/urban), person involved (male/female), andover time, highlighting the need for culturally sensitive measures.Two approaches are used to describe the characteristics of socialcapital in Peru: a literature review of research on social capitalin Peru, and qualitative in-depth interviews with twenty respondentsfrom one rural and two urban areas of Peru.     

Classroom approach for managing dietary restraint, negative eating styles, and body image concerns among college women

OBJECTIVE: In this exploratory study, the authors evaluated the impact of an elective college course on dieting levels, eating styles, and body image among college women. PARTICIPANTS: Participants were a convenience sample of 29 self-selected female students at a western university who were mostly white, normal-weight seniors with significant dieting experience. METHODS: The authors used valid and reliable instruments to collect data both before and after testing. An instructor conducted the program in an undergraduate course that met twice weekly for 15 weeks. Theory-based lessons focused on resisting media pressure, modifying dietary restraint, eating in response to hunger (intrinsic eating), and achieving healthy body image. Dependent variables included intrinsic eating, dieting involvement, emotional eating, body image, and self-esteem. RESULTS: A comparison of pretest and posttest scores identified significant improvements for most measures. CONCLUSIONS: A theory-driven elective course implemented within a college setting may improve women's eating styles and body image.     

Suicide risk and exposure to mobbing

The aim of this study was to study suicide risk in subjects exposed to mobbing, that is, systematic psychological harassment in the workplace. Such psychological harassment, unique to the workplace, threatens both the emotional well-being and professional ability of its victims. The items of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2) that assess suicide risk were studied in 102 individuals who were exposed to mobbing. The results indicated that individuals exposed to mobbing had clear differences on the MMPI-2 from normative samples. In addition, those who appeared to be at risk for suicide differed in their scores from those not at risk. Implications for psychopathology and suicide preventions are discussed.     

The Russian Military Spending: Modernization Not Rearmament

The Russian Federation has come back on the international scene, in the past years, thanks to its economic expansion and its political stability. The defence sector, a pillar of the Soviet regime, takes advantage of this situation and is receiving increasing funds, although the fraction of the GDP remains constant. Some experts fear a renewed arms race and a new threat for the world security. The analysis of the overall figures leads to a more moderate view. The situation of the Armed Forces suffers from many problems and it is far from being dangerous for the world stability. The core of the Army, the personnel, is in a terrible situation with a huge gap compared with other developed nations. In addition, Russia endures a demographic collapse and it will be always more difficult to find capable arms that use the new generation armaments of the proclaimed modernization plans.

试论我国材料科学与工程类本科专业的发展

面对知识经济的兴起、市场经济体制的健全和教育市场的国际化 ,通过对我国材料类专业设置演变历史的反思 ,本文提出应对我国材料类本科专业培养目标和模式作战略性调整。战略调整的主要内容为 :(1)突破理、工、文、管界限 ,应以材料科学与工程大学科设置专业 ;(2 )在材料科学与工程专业内设材料科学、材料工程和材料应用与营销三个专业方向 ,三个方向应给予同等重视 ;(3)重新构建相应的课程体系。这个战略调整是一个较大的系统工程 ,是一个开放体系 ,需要我们从事材料研究和教育的工作者们共同努力 ,方可逐步完善     

网络时代道德主体性的失落及其重塑

网络作为一把"双刃剑",在给人们提供广阔发展前景的同时,也导致了主体性尤其是道德主体性的失落,进而影响了人们的健康发展.因此,从网络的角度出发研究网络道德主体性的失落有助于我们制定和采取有效的措施来弘扬网络道德的主体性.