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571.
Andrew T.A. Wood 《统计学通讯:理论与方法》2013,42(11):3881-3897
The fisher–Bingham family is potentially useful class of spherical distributions, but its practical application has been hindered by various problems, including; the identification of the form of the distribution, given the parameter values; and finding an effective technique for calculating the normalising constant, a requirement for maximum likelihood estimation. It is explained how these difficulties can be resolved. and then parameter estimation and hypothesis testing are discussed. A practical example is given. 相似文献
572.
We consider independent sampling from a two-component mixture distribution, where one component (called the parametric component)
is from a known distributional family and the other component (called the non-parametric component) is unknown. This is a
semi-parametric mixture distribution. We discretize the non-parametric component and estimate the parameters of this mixture
model, namely the mixing proportion, the unknown parameters of the parametric component and the discretized non-parametric
component. We define the maximum penalized likelihood (MPL) estimates of the mixture model parameters and then develop a generalized
EM (GEM) iterative scheme to compute the MPL estimates. A simulation study and an example from biology are presented. 相似文献
573.
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575.
John Gabriel Jenny Harding Peter Hodgkinson Liz Kelly Alya Khan 《The American Sociologist》2009,40(4):309-331
The article examines recent debates surrounding public sociology in the context of a UK based Department of Applied Social
Sciences. Three areas of work within the department form the focus of the article: violence against women and children; community-based
oral history projects and health ethics teaching. The article draws on Micheal Burawoy’s typology comprising public, policy,
professional and critical sociology, and argues that much of the work described in the case studies more often lies somewhere
in between, in the interstices, rather than within one or other of the four types. The result is not without its tensions
and dilemmas, some of which are identified and explored, notably those arising from attempts to appeal to diverse audiences
and meet the sometimes conflicting expectations of each. 相似文献
576.
Recent research on the relationship between child health and income in developed countries reveals a positive gradient that
is more pronounced for older children, suggesting that the impact of income upon health accumulates. This article examines
whether the same is true in a developing country. Using data from the Indonesian Family Life Survey on children aged 0 to
14 years, we find that although low income adversely affects health, its impact does not differ by age. This finding is robust
to the use of both subjective and objective health measures, controlling for selective mortality, the use of alternative measures
of households’ resources, and the inclusion of indicators of health at birth and parental health. One explanation for the
constancy of the health-income relationship that we explore is the dominant role played by acute illness in determining the
general health status of children in a developing-country context compared with the more central role played by chronic conditions
in developed countries. 相似文献
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578.
Tobias Morat Jenny Krueger Angus Gaedtke Manuela Preuss Joachim Latsch Hans-Georg Predel 《European review of aging and physical activity》2017,14(1):16
Background
Several studies have already examined the positive effects of various forms of endurance training in patient groups and in healthy adults up to 60 years old. The aim of this study was to analyse the effects of Nordic Walking (NW) and XCO Walking (XCO) training on endurance capacity in healthy older adults, aged 60 years and older.Methods
Twenty-three older participants (mean age: 69.9 ± 5.4 years) were randomly assigned to either the NW group or the XCO group. All participants were measured before and after the 12 weeks of endurance training (2 sessions/week) to examine oxygen uptake (VO2) and energy consumption during an outdoor field test. In addition, heart rates were recorded and lactate samples were collected.Results
NW mainly demonstrated some significant (p < 0.05) decreases in heart rate, lactate concentration at lower to moderate walking speeds, whereas XCO Walking revealed significant (p < 0.05) decreases in lactate concentration and VO2 at low to higher walking speeds.Conclusions
NW as well as XCO training increase the efficiency of the cardio-vascular system in older subjects. Both training approaches are suitable options for endurance training, which may serve to counteract age- and inactivity-related decreases in cardio-vascular functioning as well as aid in maintaining overall performance in older adults.579.
580.
Jenny S. Hall Mary Mitchell 《Women and birth : journal of the Australian College of Midwives》2017,30(3):214-219