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71.
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Cohort size and earnings in Great Britain 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Robert E. Wright 《Journal of population economics》1991,4(4):295-305
Numerous studies in the United States have confirmed that individuals born into large cohorts, ceteris paribus, tend to have
lower earnings on entry into the labour force compared to individuals born into small cohorts. On the other hand, only limited
attention has been directed towards exploring the relationship between cohort size and earnings in other nations. This paper
examines empirically the relationship between cohort size and male earnings in Great Britain. The data used is a time-series
of cross-sections (1973–1982) constructed from theGeneral Household Survey. Some support for the hypothesis that large cohorts have depressed earnings is found. However, this effect does not persist
as the cohort ages. 相似文献
74.
75.
Aviv A Shay J Christensen K Wright W 《Science of aging knowledge environment : SAGE KE》2005,2005(23):pe16
In this Perspective, we focus on the greater longevity of women as compared with men. We propose that, like aging itself, the longevity gender gap is exceedingly complex and argue that it may arise from sex-related hormonal differences and from somatic cell selection that favors cells more resistant to the ravages of time. We discuss the interplay of these factors with telomere biology and oxidative stress and suggest that an explanation for the longevity gender gap may arise from a better understanding of the differences in telomere dynamics between men and women. 相似文献
76.
James D. Wright 《Qualitative sociology》1978,1(1):33-57
This paper examines the contemporary “theory of the new middle class” in so far as it purports to be the definitive rejection
of Marx' original theory of class dynamics. Dealing with the question of an adequate definition of the “middle class,” the
paper pursues two themes. First, it addresses the increasingly common argument that the various social classes in modern American
society have become effectively indistinguishable in matters of consciousness and social outlooks. Second, it concerns itself
with the outlook of the new working class. Data based on the 1972 – 1976 NORC General Social Surveys is examined in an attempt
to clarify these issues.
Author's Note: An earlier version of this paper was read at the annual meetings of the Eastern Sociological Society in New
York, March 19, 1977. Data were made available by the National Opinion Research Center, Roper Public Opinion Research Center,
and the Survey Archive for the Social Sciences, whose assistance is gratefully acknowledged. I also thank the University Computing
Center and the Social and Demographic Research Institute (both of the University of Massachusetts) for their contributions
to the research. Finally, my thanks to Richard Hamilton for detailed comments on an earlier draft, to Marianne Pietras for
assistance in the data analysis, and to the Thursday Night Nine for sharpening my interest in problems of class and class
structure in industrial society. Analysis and conclusions, of course, are my responsibility. 相似文献
77.
This study reports on a qualitative national telephone survey with coordinators of 14 prison hospice programs in 11 states. The rationale behind the survey was to learn about interdisciplinary collaboration between social work and criminal justice, using prison hospice as an exemplar of this collaboration. In addition to learning that all prison hospices in the study operate using an interdisciplinary team model and that most report high quality collaboration on the hospice team, the following additional five themes emerged: administrators and wardens are very supportive while correctional staff provides mixed support to team and program; greater collaboration with those outside prison hospice is critical; collaboration through prison hospice has a positive impact on dying prisoners; collaboration through prison hospice has a positive impact on prisoner volunteers; and, collaboration through prison hospice has a positive impact on the entire culture of the prison. 相似文献
78.
In this article, we present strategies to help combat the U.S. nursing shortage. Key considerations include providing an attractive work schedule and work environment—critical issues for retaining existing nurses and attracting new nurses to the profession—while at the same time using the set of available nurses as effectively as possible. Based on these ideas, we develop a model that takes advantage of coordinated decision making when managing a flexible workforce. The model coordinates scheduling, schedule adjustment, and agency nurse decisions across various nurse labor pools, each of differing flexibility levels, capabilities, and costs, allowing a much more desirable schedule to be constructed. Our primary findings regarding coordinated decision making and how it can be used to help address the nursing shortage include (i) labor costs can be reduced substantially because, without coordination, labor costs on average are 16.3% higher based on an actual hospital setting, leading to the availability of additional funds for retaining and attracting nurses, (ii) simultaneous to this reduction in costs, more attractive schedules can be provided to the nurses in terms of less overtime and fewer undesirable shifts, and (iii) the use of agency nurses can help avoid overtime for permanent staff with only a 0.7% increase in staffing costs. In addition, we estimate the cost of the shortage for a typical U.S. hospital from a labor cost perspective and show how that cost can be reduced when managers coordinate. 相似文献
79.
Jonathan H. Wright 《商业与经济统计学杂志》2013,31(3):368-373
This article proposes a method for constructing confidence intervals for the impulse response function of a univariate time series with a near unit root. These confidence intervals control coverage, whereas the existing techniques can all have coverage far below the nominal level. I apply the proposed method to several measures of U.S. aggregate output. 相似文献
80.