The potential of integrated modelling in conservation biology: A case study of the black‐footed albatross (Phoebastria nigripes)

Conservation biology aims at assessing the status of a population, based on information which is often incomplete. Integrated population modelling based on state‐space models appears to be a powerful and relevant way of combining into a single likelihood several types of information such as capture‐recapture data and population surveys. In this paper, the authors describe the principles of integrated population modelling and they evaluate its performance for conservation biology based on a case study, that of the black‐footed albatross, a northern Pacific albatross species suspected to be impacted by longline fishing     

职业技术教育的社会功能

职业技术教育属于教育系统的一个子系统,它的社会功能除了具有一般教育的共同点外,还有促进社会就业进而推动社会经济发展的独特的社会功能。因此,职业技术教育的社会功能还包括社会福利功能和社会整合功能。职业技术教育的这些社会功能,渗透到社会生活的各个方面,日益成为影响人类社会和经济发展的重要因素。同时,这些社会功能在确定职业技术教育的发展方向、培养目标、课程设置、规模速度等方面起着关键作用。     

黄庭坚谪居黔州交游考述

黄庭坚谪居黔州期间,虽出于全身避祸和害怕累及他人的考虑而经常"谢病杜门",但无论是山谷从前的旧交好友,还是在黔中刚结识的新知同僚、巴蜀后学,非但不以罪臣视之,反而主动与之联系并于诗人照拂有加。而诗人亦尽可能地为前来向他请益求教的两川士人提供帮助,尤其乐于为他们指明"进学畜德"之途,对南北文化的交流与传播和当地人才的培养等做出了巨大的贡献。同时,巴蜀士人的人道关怀,不但使诗人得以度过患难,而且也使诗人的思想和创作发生了巨大变化。     

浅析高校普通话水平测试工作的科学化管理

高校普通话水平测试（PSC）工作的科学化管理能够保证测试质量、完成高水平测试工作，同时可以营造良好的学校语言文字氛围和推广及普及普通话。针对目前高校在PSC管理方面存在的问题，本文提出了制定健全的管理制度、实现普通话测试管理的科学化与信息化、积极探索现代化的普通话测试手段、加强对普通话测试员队伍的综合管理以及普通话测试的检查督导工作等措施。通过这几方面的措施确保PSC工作走向制度化、规范化、科学化。     

普芬道夫法哲学思想论析

赛缪尔·普芬道夫是17世纪德国法哲学的开创者,是近代世界范围内最杰出的自然法学思想家.普芬道夫对法学的贡献主要表现在他对自然法的捍卫上,作为古典自然法学派在德国的主要代表,其著作中处处充满着自然法思想,尤其是契约论思想更是影响深远.在自然法学说方面,普芬道夫的思想联结着格老秀斯和霍布斯.与其他古典自然法思想家不同,他特别重视对义务的研究.     

Backfitting Random Varying-Coefficient Models with Time-Dependent Smoothing Covariates

Abstract.  In this paper, we propose a random varying-coefficient model for longitudinal data. This model is different from the standard varying-coefficient model in the sense that the time-varying coefficients are assumed to be subject-specific, and can be considered as realizations of stochastic processes. This modelling strategy allows us to employ powerful mixed-effects modelling techniques to efficiently incorporate the within-subject and between-subject variations in the estimators of time-varying coefficients. Thus, the subject-specific feature of longitudinal data is effectively considered in the proposed model. A backfitting algorithm is proposed to estimate the coefficient functions. Simulation studies show that the proposed estimation methods are more efficient in finite-sample performance compared with the standard local least squares method. An application to an AIDS clinical study is presented to illustrate the proposed methodologies.     

经济增长的源泉：回顾与反思

在一个制度高度稳定的社会中,市场经济有序运行,那么,技术创新就成为最重要的因素。例如,美国在20世纪90年代,信息产业的发展成为美国新经济的发动机。同一时期的中国,尚处于计划经济向市场经济的转型期,制度的不完善成为发展的最大障碍,严肃立法、严格执法成为当时政府的重要任务。     

Refugee Children in Wales: Coping and Adaptation in the Face of Adversity

This article aims to makes a contribution to redressing a methodological and theoretical imbalance in existing research on refugee and asylum‐seeking children. It draws on two qualitative studies from Wales with children and young people. The samples include unaccompanied minors and children living with families as well as both children who are supported in the asylum system and those who have been granted refugee status. The focus on ecological post‐migratory stressors and coping processes that young people identify as being integral to their well‐being and, once granted status, to how they adapt to settlement includes a selective study of some of the sources of resilience referred to in the children's talk. Recognising the interplay between individual and environment leads to a discussion of both personal attributes and collective cultural identities.