人生转折的临界点--母题数字"十三"与藏族成年礼

数字“十三”在藏族早期文化中的大量出现,其背后具有深层的文化精神作支撑。文章从藏族“十三”的一系列民俗思想中发现,“十三”是人生重要转折时期———成年礼的临界点。这种成年礼习俗在周边民族中依然存在。     

Penalized proportion estimation for non parametric mixture of regressions

Abstract

In this article, we propose a penalized local log-likelihood method to locally select the number of components in non parametric finite mixture of regression models via proportion shrinkage method. Mean functions and variance functions are estimated simultaneously. We show that the number of components can be estimated consistently, and further establish asymptotic normality of functional estimates. We use a modified EM algorithm to estimate the unknown functions. Simulations are conducted to demonstrate the performance of the proposed method. We illustrate our method via an empirical analysis of the housing price index data of United States.     

投资者保护公益组织与股东诉讼在中国的实践——基于中证投服证券支持诉讼的多案例研究

以2016~2017年间中证中小投资者服务中心(以下简称"中证投服")提起的4例证券支持诉讼为研究对象,本文深入分析了该组织在证券支持诉讼中的作用实现机理及其在中小投资者利益保护方面所产生的直接经济后果和溢出效应。本文发现:中证投服提起的证券支持诉讼在很大程度上改善了虚假陈述案件的赔偿机制,主要体现为赔付主体更加合理化,赔偿金额的计算更加科学,赔付比例有明显提升,赔偿款项的执行力度得以加强;在作用实现机理方面,中证投服作为投资者保护公益组织向中小股东提供了公益服务,同时又具备政府弹性监管的色彩,与我国现行的司法制度形成互补;更为重要的是,中证投服参与证券支持诉讼产生了显著的溢出效应,在唤醒中小股东维权意识的同时,明显提升了民间律师团体的活跃程度,进而从整体上极大地带动了民间股东诉讼的兴起。     

不同震级作用下的设备 结构动力相互作用体系地震反应分析

为研究是否考虑设备 结构动力相互作用在不同地震阶段的差别,对建筑结构中常见的设备 结构相互作用体系进行了小震、中震和大震阶段的地震时程反应分析。分析了不同震级作用下考虑相互作用后给结构与设备的地震反应带来的变化。结果表明：考虑设备 结构动力相互作用与不考虑相互作用相比,结构的地震反应有较明显的区别,设备的地震反应有很大的区别,处于完全失真的状态。大震阶段由于设备和结构均进入了弹塑性阶段,刚度等主要参数发生了变化,导致动力相互作用的影响降低。虽然设备质量占结构总地震质量的比例很小,但仍会对结构位移与内力造成较大的影响。     

Robust Smoothed Rank Estimation Methods for Accelerated Failure Time Model Allowing Clusters

Smoothed Gehan rank estimation methods are widely used in accelerated failure time (AFT) models with/without clusters. However, most methods are sensitive to outliers in the covariates. In order to solve this problem, we propose robust approaches based on the smoothed Gehan rank estimation methods for the AFT model, allowing for clusters by employing two different weight functions. Simulation studies show that the proposed methods outperform existing smoothed rank estimation methods regarding their biases and standard deviations when there are outliers in the covariates. The proposed methods are also applied to a real dataset from the “Major cardiovascular interventions” study.     

论违约责任和侵权责任的竞合处理

违约责任与侵权责任是两种性质不同的民事责任,侵权责任保护的是固有利益,在合同签定、履行过程中可能有侵权性违约行为、违约性侵权行为发生,从而会产生违约责任和侵权责任竞合的情形。合理分析和处理违约责任和侵权责任竞合的不同情形,对最大限度地维护当事人的合法权益会起到积极作用。     

Parental Leave Policies and Second Births: A Comparison of Czechia and Slovakia

Population Research and Policy Review - The paper investigates the transition to second births in Czechia and Slovakia in the context of the development of parental leave policies since the...     

Life Satisfaction of Rural Migrant Workers in Urban China: The Roles of Community Service Participation and Identity Integration

Abstract

China is home to approximately 245 million rural-to-urban migrant workers. The influx of migrants into urban areas has posed various challenges for local social service systems. Recently, increasing number of community services have been developed to meet the growing service demands from the migrant population. However, whether increase in community service use results in improved wellbeing among migrant workers remains critically unexplored. As such, this study examines the role of community service use in migrant workers’ life satisfaction and the potential mediating effect of identity integration in Shenzhen, China. Bootstrapped models were adopted to examine relationship among variables. Drawing from a sample of 1,087 rural-to-urban migrant workers, we found that community service use is positively correlated with both identity integration and migrant workers’ life satisfaction. Moreover, identity integration served as a partial mediator between community service use and life satisfaction. The mediating effect of identity integration was found to increase with age. This study highlights that diverse services should be implemented to address divergent needs of migrants in different age groups. Community service can also serve as a vehicle to foster integration among migrant workers in host communities, especially for older age groups. Future studies may further investigate the relationships between community social capital, community social support, quality of community-based organization and frequency of service use so as to optimize the life satisfaction of migrant workers.     

The effect of paid maternity leave on low-income families' welfare use in the US

Despite the critical role that paid maternity leave can assume in the economic lives of low-income families, research to date has paid insufficient attention to whether paid maternity leave reduces welfare use for low-income families. Using the Current Population Survey (CPS) March Supplement 2007–2014 with the difference-in-difference (DiD) technique, this study finds a significant policy effect of paid maternity leave on reducing the probability of using Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF), TANF benefit amounts and TANF participation length. This study confirms that paid maternity leave is likely to prevent low-income families from using welfare during job interruptions stemming from the birth of a child. Given that TANF is often associated with negative political and social connotations, paid maternity leave can be used as an important social policy to improve economic security as well as offer empowerment in overall social standing for low-income mothers. The discussion focuses on the implications of the findings in a broader context of American welfare states.     

制度创新的"亚"形态与可能路径--对我国股份合作制改革的一个历史判断

从宏观的角度看,由于社会经济发展的实质是技术或基本生产函数的不断创新,制度促进经济发展或阻碍经济发展的实质,也就是制度能否使社会的创造力充分释放出来,从而不断推动技术及基本生产函数的创新。制度的价值在于它能为经济活动提供一种稳定的长期服务,凭借它,人们可以对经济活动产生长期的预期。因此,人们选择一种制度并使其在历史过程中延续下去,必然意味着人们不断地对其做长期的利益投入并对其抱以长期的收益预期。