一种疏水缔合聚合物快速溶解方法研究

研究了疏水缔合聚合物（AP–P4）经过拉伸装置后的溶解时间。结果表明，拉伸装置可以缩短疏水缔合聚合物的溶解时间；拉伸装置的最佳间距为200 μm，此时疏水缔合聚合物的溶解时间为25 min。经拉伸装置处理后的疏水缔合聚合物可以在30 min 内达到溶解；提高温度可以显著改善疏水缔合聚合物的溶解效果，缩短疏水缔合聚合物的溶解时间。     

Economic Migration and Urban Citizenship in China: The Role of Points Systems

The conversion of a hukou (household registration) from one locale to another in China requires official approval, a process subject to conditions set out in numerous regulations. This article examines the role of points systems for selecting economic migrants eligible for an urban hukou in several provinces. Using the points systems, city governments prioritize human resources and capital, which they consider to be the key to economic prosperity, over social objectives. Meanwhile the majority of migrants, who participate in urban employment without official registration, are treated as necessary contributors to the economy but not as qualified beneficiaries of it. It remains to be seen, with a wider application of points systems in more Chinese cities, whether the hukou system will evolve to make urban citizenship less exclusive and more equitable. The article provides detailed examples, at the province and city level, of rating schemes for qualifying for an urban hukou.     

海城高跷秧歌踩出雄劲的东北风

在蜿蜒的辽河下游，有一座历史悠久的古城——海城，这里正是海城高跷秧歌的发源地。海城地区的秧歌最早见诸文字是清光绪年出版的《海城县志》。历经100多年的传承和发展，海城地区的秧歌逐渐从最初的唱秧歌、扭秧歌发展成今天的海城高跷秧歌。     

感性消费时代的广告受众心理分析

通过对广告受众心理进行分析,总结出新形势下广告受众心理的主要特点。具体受众心理分析是：一、感性心理：情趣情调;自我比拟;理想向往;流行时尚;交流互动;品牌偏好。二、理性——感性心理：实用价值观念变异;自我价值中的理性与感性;体现个性。     

Partial linear single-index models with additive distortion measurement errors

We study partial linear single-index models (PLSiMs) when the response and the covariates in the parametric part are measured with additive distortion measurement errors. These distortions are modeled by unknown functions of a commonly observable confounding variable. We use the semiparametric profile least-squares method to estimate the parameters in the PLSiMs based on the residuals obtained from the distorted variables and confounding variable. We also employ the smoothly clipped absolute deviation penalty (SCAD) to select the relevant variables in the PLSiMs. We show that the resulting SCAD estimators are consistent and possess the oracle property. For the non parametric link function, we construct the simultaneous confidence bands and obtain the asymptotic distribution of the maximum absolute deviation between the estimated link function and the true link function. A simulation study is conducted to evaluate the performance of the proposed methods and a real dataset is analyzed for illustration.     

Bayesian ratemaking under Dirichlet process mixtures

Experience ratemaking plays a crucial role in general insurance in determining future premiums of individuals in a portfolio by assessing observed claims from the whole portfolio. This paper investigates this problem in which claims can be modeled by certain parametric family of distributions. The Dirichlet process mixtures are employed to model the distributions of the parameters so as to make two advantages: to produce exact Bayesian experience premiums for a class of premium principles generated from generic error functions and, at the same time, provide robust and flexible ways to avoid possible bias caused by traditionally used priors such as non informative priors or conjugate priors. In this paper, the Bayesian experience ratemaking under Dirichlet process mixture models are investigated and due to the lack of analytical forms of the conditional expectations of the quantities concerned, the Gibbs sampling schemes are designed for the purpose of approximations.     

SOFT SKILLS,HARD SKILLS,AND THE BLACK/WHITE WAGE GAP

This study examines the relative importance of soft skills versus hard skills across occupations and its impact on the observed wage gap between Blacks and Whites in the United States. It posits that the Black/White pay gap may vary across occupations that require the use of different types of skills. We classify occupations into hard‐skill intensive versus soft‐skill intensive jobs using the skill content measures of different occupations from the Occupational Information Network (O*Net). We then use data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY) and Current Population Survey (CPS) to investigate the impact of job skill type on the wage gap. Consistent with our theoretical predictions, we show that this wage gap in white‐collar jobs is smaller for hard‐skills jobs than it is for soft‐skills jobs. Moreover, we demonstrate that, in response to variations in the wage gap across different occupations, Blacks are more likely to self‐select themselves into hard‐skills jobs, ceteris paribus. This shows not only that discrimination against Blacks varies across occupations, but also that such discrimination induces the self‐selection of Blacks into certain occupations. Moreover, this finding highlights the role played by co‐worker/customer discrimination in explaining the racial wage gap in the U.S. labor market. (JEL J15, J31)     

余光中与韦努蒂翻译观的比较分析

余光中诗文双绝,在翻译领域亦成绩斐然.他处理译文语言的一大核心观点,在于避免中文西化,力求流畅、地道的中文表达,而他同时又主张提高译者的地位.本文以美国学者劳伦斯·韦努蒂提出的“译者的隐形”一说为理论参照,经过对比分析,可知余光中的这一翻译语言观点与其提高译者地位的主张之间存在理论层面的潜在矛盾.     

“将真实深深地藏在心的创伤中”——鲁迅《伤逝》的创作心理

《伤逝》的情感表现极为浓烈深切,不仅在鲁迅小说中显得颇为奇异,即便在中国现代小说史中也因而显得有些“另类”而十分引人注目.造成《伤逝》这一特殊风貌的内在原因应归结到鲁迅深微复杂的创作心理.《伤逝》在很大程度上是鲁迅面向自我的创作,是鲁迅不惮于以最坏的结局来推测自己的人生并给以艺术化的具体展示,是他迈向新的生活必不可少的精神仪式.     

卢旺达的多语教育政策与汉语传播

卢旺达的多语环境现状与其历史和政治权利斗争有关，前殖民地语言——法语和象征意识形态的英语成了种族大屠杀之后替代种族区分的身份标志。多语教育政策在法语、英语、卢旺达语错综复杂的关系背景下出台。实施之后，卢旺达语渐渐受到重视，英语的地位依然稳固，法语日渐式微。但限于客观条件、政治环境以及目前多语教育政策实施效果不理想等因素，卢旺达的语言教育仍面临诸多难题。卢旺达的多语教育现状给汉语传播带来了契机，也带来了挑战。