The Evolution of Well-Being in Spain (1980–2001): A Regional Analysis

Evaluations of regional welfare conventionally rely on Gross Value Added (GVA) per capita as an indicator of well-being. This paper attempts to re-address the regional welfare issue using alternative indicators to per capita income. With this aim, a database for the Spanish regions (NUTS II) has been constructed for the period 1980–2001 and an augmented version of the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) Human Development Index (HDI) has been estimated incorporating indicators of health, education and per capita income. The results show that, whereas regional income per capita disparities have remained constant, regional convergence in the Augmented Human Development Index (AHDI) was achieved between 1980 and 2001. None the less, there is no evidence of intra-distributional mobility (leap-frogging) across regions in the AHDI     

农民工就业与就业促进问题实证研究——以北京市为例

随着中国城市化进程的加快,大量的农民从农村来到城市,从事着各种各样的劳动。在中国的产业大军中,农民工数量在迅速增长,农民工日益成为不可或缺的重要力量。由于户籍等原因,作为就业弱势群体的农民工比城镇劳动力面临着更大的失业风险和保障缺失。他们的就业状况究竟如何、他们参加失业保险以及受到就业培训的状况如何,如何促进农民工的就业是值得全社会高度关注的重大问题。本文以北京市为例,就农民工的就业与就业促进问题进行一些分析和探讨。     

《周礼》中版图文书制度与人口、土地资源管理探析

在我国周代的版图文书中,包含了大量的人口、土地资源管理方面的信息。通过《周礼》中版图文书制度研究这一视角,展示了奴隶制社会周代人口、土地资源管理状况的一个侧面,为完善先秦文书制度的研究、为补充先秦人口、土地资料管理的研究提供一点信息。     

Life on the seesaw: a qualitative study of suicide resiliency factors for young gay men

While considerable research has highlighted the factors that increase gay youth suicide risk, there has been much less emphasis on protective factors. Using grounded theory methodology, we explored the suicide resiliency in eight young gay men in Aotearoa/New Zealand. Common themes emerged, including positive social norms and conditions, high levels of support, identification with role models and high self-esteem. These were integrated with "known" risk factors to form the Seesaw Model of Gay Male Suicide. This model demonstrates that the balance between risk and resiliency may be the key to gay suicide. Depending on the balance of these factors, youth might either be resilient, attempt suicide, or teeter somewhere in between. The current findings indicate that gay youth suicide prevention requires efforts to increase resiliency factors for this group.     

"Barebacking": intentional condomless anal sex in HIV-risk contexts. Reasons for and against it

Intentional condomless anal sex in HIV-risk contexts ("barebacking") has been heatedly debated in gay circles, the gay media, and, to a lesser degree, the mainstream media. Yet it has received little attention in the scientific literature. In order to better understand the reasons behind this behavior, we conducted a content analysis of messages posted on an Internet message board following Gay.com's decision to close a company-sponsored bareback chat room. Individuals posting messages self-identified in their online profiles as being mostly White/ European gay men residing in the US, with an average age of 35 years. Out of 130 messages, 62 (48%) were pro-barebacking, 55 (42%) were against barebacking, and 13 (10%) referred to other topics. The content analysis of the messages showed that both those in favor of and against barebacking felt well-informed about HIV/AIDS and the risks of HIV transmission. Those in favor considered condomless sex more enjoyable than sex with condoms (both in actual experience and in erotic imagery), felt that condomless sex conferred a sense of freedom, minimized the risks involved in barebacking (assuming that practitioners were already HIV infected and that the risk of superinfection was small), and ultimately believed that barebacking was a personal decision and responsibility. Those against barebacking believed the behavior was dangerous, advocated for condom use and personal and social responsibility, and felt barebackers needed to be sensitized to the burdens of HIV disease. Implications of these results are discussed, pointing out the need for further scientific inquiry in this area.     

Decomposing the age effect on risk tolerance

The importance of investment portfolio allocation has become more apparent since the onset of the late 2000s Great Recession. Individual willingness to take financial risks affects portfolio decisions and investment returns among other factors. Previous research found that people of different ages have dissimilar levels of risk tolerance but the effects of generation, period, and aging were confounded. Using the 1998–2007 Survey of Consumer Finances cross-sectional datasets, this study uses an analytical method to separate such effects on financial risk tolerance. Aging and period effects on financial risk tolerance were statistically significant. Implications for researchers and financial planning practitioners and educators are provided.     

基于碳减排调度的激励性厂网合作竞价机制设计

市场机制是建立碳减排长效机制的基本制度安排。现行的节能发电调度办法没有市场的价格发现功能,本文研究了基于碳减排调度的厂网合作竞价机制问题,并讨论了合作机制的最优参数。研究结果表明:合作竞价机制可以促进电力市场的稳定供给,优化市场运行指标,顺应发电调度政策的导向;合作竞价机制能够增加低碳机组的发电收益,提高发电商CO₂减排的积极性。期望该研究工作能为电力行业有效减排的实践提供方法依据。     

黑格尔论象征和象征型艺术

黑格尔对象征和象征型艺术的阐释主要体现在以下方面：象征作为一种修辞手段,其内容包括“意义”和“形象”这两个构成要素及二者之间的关系,象征的特点就是双关。象征型艺术是由于作为内容的自由意志的不完善,因而也就无法找到一种合适的表现方式,而只能采取象征的方式,它是艺术发展史中最初的艺术类型。     

证券市场危机预警研究

证券市场危机的爆发是系统内外诸多因素共同作用的结果。界定证券市场危机状态的临界状态,选择宏观、微观和市场三层次指标,利用Logistic回归方法构建证券市场危机预警模型。对中国证券市场进行实证研究,发现模型能够比较准确地预测证券市场危机发生的概率,及时迅捷地释放预警信号。