A Mann–Whitney type effect measure of interaction for factorial designs

We propose a measure for interaction for factorial designs that is formulated in terms of a probability similar to the effect size of the Mann–Whitney test. It is shown how asymptotic confidence intervals can be obtained for the effect size and how a statistical test can be constructed. We further show how the test is related to the test proposed by Bhapkar and Gore [Sankhya A, 36:261–272 (1974)]. The results of a simulation study indicate that the test has good power properties and illustrate when the asymptotic approximations are adequate. The effect size is demonstrated on an example dataset.     

Who does not cut down? Comparing characteristics and drinking motives of drinkers and abstainers during the exam periods

Objective: Drinking alcohol during the exams can affect academic performance and future career options, but is rarely investigated. Drinking motives, sociodemographics and personality characteristics are investigated in nonabstainers and weekly drinkers during the exams. Participants: 7,181 Belgian university students who anonymously responded to an email invitation to an online survey. Methods: Logistic regressions and mixed design analysis of variance on cross-sectional data. Results: One-third of the students continued drinking during the exams, with 40% drinking weekly. Nonabstainers were mainly men, elder, internally motivated when drinking, and housed with parents or independently. Weekly drinkers were similar, except mainly housed in student apartments or independently. Personality characteristics were nonsignificant. All drinking motives were less pronounced during the exams, with smaller differences for internal motives. Conclusions: Mainly linked to internal drinking motives, drinking during the exams in higher education is underestimated. The characteristics and motives of students doing so can be used in future interventions.     

A Systems Approach to Social Entrepreneurship

Currently, disabilities organizations are increasingly being challenged by the requirement for individualized service, expectations to show personal outcomes, and the need to base their services on evidence-based practices. Social entrepreneurship (SE) is being put forward as an innovative approach for dealing with these challenges. This article presents a systems approach to SE based on a program logic model. This model identifies the input factors (a strong social vision, exploiting opportunities, maximizing resources), throughput strategies (entrepreneurial orientation, critical thinking skills, networking, capacity building), and outcome components (improving people’s lives, community-building, improving society) of SE at the micro, meso, and macro level. Also, the importance of planning for contextual changes as a social entrepreneur is discussed. The article concludes with presenting three inspiring practices regarding SE in the field of disabilities organizations.     

Surplus Food Recovery and Food Aid: The Pivotal Role of Non-profit Organisations. Insights From Italy and Germany

Food security and food waste are unanimously recognised as relevant issues affecting the whole society and should be therefore acknowledged as a priority on the public agenda. Nonetheless, in many countries the third sector stands in for public actors and operates to tackle both these issues. This paper explores the role of public and third sector in tackling food poverty and food waste, particularly analysing the role of the non-profit organisations involved in the food recovery and redistribution processes in two European regions: Lombardy (Italy) and Baden-Württemberg (Germany). By comparing the two different policy framework and the organisations’ actions, the study recognises the ability of the non-profit sector to create new relationships among different actors (private for-profit, private non-profit as well as public actors) while answering various unmet needs. The paper draws on a mix of secondary and primary data including observations and interviews in the two regions carried out in 2014 and focuses on two relevant case studies (the “Associazione Banco Alimentare” and the “Tafel”).     

A life of one’s own: republican freedom and disability

This article outlines a republican perspective on disability. We argue that a commitment to ensuring the republican freedom of disabled citizens offers a promising account of what disabled citizens are owed as a matter of justice. A republican perspective offers a particular diagnosis of the injustice of disability disadvantage, both in relation to individuals (dominium) and the state (imperium), that is congenial to prominent concerns voiced by the disability rights movement. This article also offers a brief outline of three republican remedies: the right of social participation, the right of opportunities for civic contribution, and the right of democratic contestation. These remedies constitute key guidelines for the robust institutional protection of disabled citizens’ republican freedom.     

论表见代理中的两个问题

表见代理的构成要件及其效力问题,直接关系到本人、无权代理人、相对人的权利、义务和责任.过失责任的基本归责原则,在民法中居于极为重要的支配地位,将本人具有过错作为表见代理的构成要件之一,更具有合理性.民事行为的效力有四种情形,即有效、无效、可撤销和效力未定,将表见代理的效力规定为有效,在民法理论体系上有无法克服的矛盾,若视其为可撤销的民事行为,则可较好地平衡本人和相对人之间的利益,也可保持民法理论体系的前后一致性.     

试述儒道文明一统思想

儒家思想和道家思想 ,都是关于社会文明进步与发展的思想。儒家形成了以“仁”为核心 ,以纳“仁”入“礼”的“仁礼学说”为指导的“仁一统”思想 ;道家形成了以“道”为核心 ,以“道论”为指导的“道一统”思想 ,两者关于文明进步与发展的哲学基础、前提条件、方式途径等各有所论。儒道文明一统思想对于统一、多民族、全面进步与发展的中国古代历史发挥了重大而深远的作用 ,在中华民族新的伟大复兴以至世界和平与发展中也有望发挥新的重要的积极作用     

自然人犯罪主体的理论探讨

犯罪主体在犯罪构成要件中是不可缺少的,而自然人犯罪主体是犯罪主体的重要组成部分。作者认为,我国刑法关于未成年人相对负刑事责任年龄的规定有缺陷,建议立法修正。文章还对自然人犯罪主体在共同犯罪中具有的不同类型和新的特征作了探讨。     

化工原理实验教学软件的开发

介绍了化工原理实验教学软件的基本框架、功能及其用途,软件采用Microsoft Visual Basic 6.0编写,界面友好,功能齐全、操作简单、并可根据实际需要进行功能扩充,为化工原理实验CAI教学与实际应用提供了方便。