Young chains and rank orders

Savage (1956) obtained an easily applied necessary condition for the admissibility of two-sample rank tests under alternatives having a monotone likelihood ratio. This condition is: rank order Z is more likely than rank order Z' if the Z-path is above the Z'-path in Young's lattice. This condition is easily applied and allows not only the proof of the inadmissibility of the Wilcoxon test under Lehmann alternatives but it can also be used to construct explicitly uniformly better tests. For Lehmann alternatives, we obtain another necessary criterion on rank orders which makes use of dominance.     

Critical reflective thinking through service‐learning in multicultural teacher education

This paper describes and discusses the effect of service‐learning on students’ reflective thinking about their own knowledge in multicultural teacher education at a state university in Southern California (USA). Two versions of students’ multicultural autobiographies, one at the beginning and the other at the end of the course, were examined to determine their individual progress. Two classes, one with a service‐learning assignment and the other without, were involved to identify differences. Using King and Kitchener’s model of reflective judgment, this study compares and contrasts the progress of student critical reflective thinking and differences between the two classes. The research suggests that service‐learning stimulated and increased students’ reflective thinking about their own knowledge in multicultural education.     

Social media led co-creation of knowledge in developing societies: SME’s roles in the adoption,use and appropriation of smartphones in South Asia

Abstract

Social media supports the creative economy through its involvement in the adoption and appropriation of new innovation and accelerates economic growth. The current paper expands on this notion by identifying and analyzing the interaction between social media-based communities and small and medium enterprises (SMEs), as it examines how social media contributes to the knowledge co-creation and supports the adoption, use and appropriation of smartphones in South Asian countries, which are inhabited by approximately 1.6 billion people. The findings obtained through virtual ethnography (VE) provide insights into the dynamics and kinetics of knowledge co-creation and how that benefits large multinationals, small local businesses and consumers in developing societies. As such, we advance the knowledge management scholarship by presenting a holistic model of co-creation of knowledge involving multiple stakeholders.     

Contribution of mortality decline to longer working life: The case of indonesian males 1980–1995

The length of working life of Indonesian males has been estimated for 1980 and 1995. Data on age specific labour force participation rates are obtained from the 1980 census and the 1995 intercensal population survey. Data on agespecific mortality have been adopted from appropriate model life tables based on indirect estimates of child mortality in the absence of any direct information about mortality. The contribution of declining mortality to the lengthening of working life has been greater than the contribution of higher labour force participation rates. Reductions in mortality at ages before entry into the labour force have increased the potential for added and improved education and training needed for the work force, which is also a contribution of reduced mortality to human capital development. The findings have implications for policy and future employment plans.     

Projecting populations for major Pacific Island countries with and without COVID-19: pro-active insights for population policy

Journal of Population Research - The paper projects aggregate populations of six Pacific Island countries in both pre- and post-COVID19 scenarios using a Cohort Component Method for the period...     

Robustness of designed experiments against missing data

This paper investigates the robustness of designed experiments for estimating linear functions of a subset of parameters in a general linear model against the loss of any t( ≥1) observations. Necessary and sufficient conditions for robustness of a design under a homoscedastic model are derived. It is shown that a design robust under a homoscedastic model is also robust under a general heteroscedastic model with correlated observations. As a particular case, necessary and sufficient conditions are obtained for the robustness of block designs against the loss of data. Simple sufficient conditions are also provided for the binary block designs to be robust against the loss of data. Some classes of designs, robust up to three missing observations, are identified. A-efficiency of the residual design is evaluated for certain block designs for several patterns of two missing observations. The efficiency of the residual design has also been worked out when all the observations in any two blocks, not necessarily disjoint, are lost. The lower bound to A-efficiency has also been obtained for the loss of t observations. Finally, a general expression is obtained for the efficiency of the residual design when all the observations of m ( ≥1) disjoint blocks are lost.