同质异形的神灵谱系--藏族湖神与水神关系透视

湖神与水神在藏族地区大量存在。文章从藏族民俗现实出发 ,认为水神与湖神主要有三种存在状态 :湖神与水神分离 ;水神是湖神信仰的核心 ;水神与湖神的互置。文章分析了湖神与水神信仰相异的原因。     

评黄宗智《清代的法律、社会与文化:民法的表达与实践》

美国加利福尼亚大学洛杉矶分校历史系教授黄宗智,最先关注的是中国的社会经济史,并有《华北的小农经济与社会变迁》、《长江三角洲小农家庭与乡村发展》等著作出版。20世纪80年代以来,黄先生的研究领域逐渐转向法律史。他认为,法律制度的研究牵涉到社会文化史的基本问题,但以往     

略述古代赫哲族木制品的类型、特点及成因

在陶瓷器、铁器没有进入赫哲地区前,赫哲族人曾以树木为材料,制作了一件件简单实用、贴近生活的木制生产用具和生活器皿,这些充满浓郁地域特色和民族风格的木制品,为研究赫哲族的古代文化提供了极其丰富的民族学资料。本文试就古代赫哲族木制品的类型、特点及成因等进行粗浅考述,以期对赫哲族的文化研究提供参考。     

Abundance estimation with a categorical covariate subject to missing in continuous-time capture-recapture studies

Abstract

In continuous-time capture-recapture experiments, individual heterogeneity has a large effect on the capture probability. To account for the heterogeneity, we consider an individual covariate, which is categorical and subject to missing. In this article, we develop a general model to summarize three kinds of missing mechanisms, and propose a maximum likelihood estimator of the abundance. A likelihood ratio confidence interval of the abundance is also proposed. We illustrate the proposed methods by simulation studies and a real data example of a bird species prinia subflava in Hong Kong.     

A search of maximum generalized resolution quaternary-code designs via integer linear programming

Quaternary-code (QC) designs, an attractive class of nonregular fractional factorial designs, have received much attention due to their theoretical elegance and practical applicability. Some recent works of QC designs revealed their good properties over their regular counterparts under commonly used criteria. We develop an optimization tool that can maximize the generalized resolution of a QC design of a given size. The problem can be recast as an integer linear programming (ILP) problem through a linear simplification that combines the \(k\)- and \(a\)-equations, even though the generalized resolution does not linearly depend on the aliasing indexes. The ILP surprisingly improves a class of \((1/16)\)th-fraction QC designs with higher generalized resolutions. It also applies to obtain some \((1/64)\)th-fraction QC designs with maximum generalized resolutions, and these QC designs generally have higher generalized resolutions than the regular designs of the same size.     

Goodness-of-fit tests of generalized linear mixed models for repeated ordinal responses

Categorical longitudinal data are frequently applied in a variety of fields, and are commonly fitted by generalized linear mixed models (GLMMs) and generalized estimating equations models. The cumulative logit is one of the useful link functions to deal with the problem involving repeated ordinal responses. To check the adequacy of the GLMMs with cumulative logit link function, two goodness-of-fit tests constructed by the unweighted sum of squared model residuals using numerical integration and bootstrap resampling technique are proposed. The empirical type I error rates and powers of the proposed tests are examined by simulation studies. The ordinal longitudinal studies are utilized to illustrate the application of the two proposed tests.     

A Data Envelopment Analysis-Based Methodology Adopting Assurance Region Approach for Measuring Corporate Social Performance

Many research papers calculate corporate social performance (CSP) with the net score method, i.e., by subtracting the number of concerns from the number of strengths. Although widely adopted, this method implies, perhaps mistakenly, that each indicator is of equal importance and that however serious the social misconduct a firm may have engaged in, it can be completely offset by some positive social action. The method also implies that a given firm that has done both a lot of harm and a lot of good will have CSP similar to that of another firm that has done little harm and little good. In this study, however, we question the appropriateness of the net score method in terms of its ability to truly reflect CSP and truly identify the real effects of CSP on various characteristics. We therefore propose a data envelopment analysis-based methodology that adopts the assurance region approach for evaluating CSP, through which various CSP indicators are converted into a single composite measure of CSP. Our findings show that our proposed methodology consistently performs better than the net score method in evaluating CSP.

     

试论苯教的宗教性质及与藏区民间宗教的关系

文章主要对藏区古老的苯教的宗教属性和特征进行分析,认为在历史上,苯教作为一种宗教的名称出现时,其已经形成系统性的宗教体系,所以我们不能将之列为原始宗教。苯教一般被分为两类,即斯巴苯教与雍仲苯教。其中斯巴苯教与民间宗教有密切的关系,为藏区民间宗教的源流之一。     

礼物、关系和信任

本文试图通过关系/人情/信任三个具有本土意义的重要概念,来探讨中国社会中的礼物流动及其背后所隐含的人际意义。通过理论建构,笔者提出了一个“人际关系在送礼过程中的运作过程”模型。     

略论19世纪70-90年代的中国木船业

在近代,随着外国侵略势力的到来,中国航运业受到了很大的冲击,中国古老的航运工具———木船受到了排挤。但由于各种原因,在19世纪70—90年代这段时间里中国木船业并没有走向灭亡,而是持续的向前发展。