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181.
Claude S. Fischer 《Sociological inquiry》1997,67(1):113-118
As a comment on speculations that new electronic technologies will revolutionize community, this article points to three lessons drawn from historical studies on earlier technologies such as the telephone: (1) Effects are modest; (2) effects differ from one specific technology to another; and (3) the effects of any one technology can be contradictory. 相似文献
182.
In “before” and “after” surveys of Attitudes Towards Random Breath Testing in South Australia, three basic versions of the questionnaire were used. In the first, a set of “lead-up” questions, which were designed to deliberately bias the results towards acceptance of the tests, was included before the main questions; in the second, there were no lead-up questions; in the third, a different set of lead-up questions was used, and was aimed at deliberately biasing the results against the tests. The results in two out of the four attempts to influence the answers (compared with no lead-up questions) were significant in the expected direction, and in the other two cases were in the correct direction but not significant. The difference between the positive-and negative-biasing versions was highly significant in both cases. It is important to be aware that changes in context rather than in question wording per se can give rise to effects which dwarf the sampling error. 相似文献
183.
The growing literature on sibling relationships throughout their lifespans is of great importance to those working in the child welfare system, and in adoption services in particular. Sibling bonds are important to all of us, but they are particularly vital to children from disorganized or dysfunctional families. These relationships assume even greater importance when children from these families enter the care system. Supporting and sustaining these sibling bonds should be, and most often is, a priority throughout the child welfare system, with practice literature providing guidelines for arranging and sustaining sibling contact. However, children in the care system may also have dysfunctional sibling relationships as a result of their early experiences, and sibling visitation alone may not be enough to ensure a healthy, long-lasting relationship among siblings. Some form of sibling therapy, or 'clinically supervised visitation,' may be required to help children remove the barriers to form mutually satisfying relationships and to reinforce life-long relationships with each other. 相似文献
184.
Joachim Fischer 《?sterreichische Zeitschrift für Soziologie》2002,27(2):6-13
The article reconstructs Simmel’s essay “Excursus on the Sociology of the Senses” as a central text of a sociology of the body, as a paradigmatic approach to an anthropological sociology. It re-systemizes Simmel’s partly implicit, partly explicit non-or pre-sociological aesthesiological premises on the senses as well as his twofold sociological perspective on the senses, i.e. the senses as a constituting factor of social relations on the one hand and the social regulation and construction of the senses on the other hand. Simmel’s phenomenological view on the structure and function of the senses (their immanence of abstraction, double perspective, difference and combination) is shown to be the aesthesiological foundation of his sociological approach, being perhaps part of a philosophical anthropology, that systematically reconstructs the basic significance of the senses or the body as prefiguring a person’s relation to him/herself, to the world and to others while at the same time saving him from biologistic reduction. The senses have their share in constituting the social world by which they are at the same time interpreted, modeled and constructed. Methodologically systemized in this way, Simmel’s essay in nuce reveals an aesthesiology of the senses that opens up the possibility of an anthropological sociology apt to rebalance the linguistic turn not only by an iconic turn but also by an acoustic turn (that can rediscover the sociological relevance of ‘parole’ against the dominance of ‘langue’). 相似文献
185.
Dr. Gaston Fischer 《Population and environment》1993,15(2):139-153
Over the past few centuries world demography has been characterized by both continuous absolute growth and a steadily increasing rate of growth. From 1650 or earlier to at least 1957 it was always possible to say that never has world population been so large and never has the time necessary for it to double been so short. While there are now some signs to suggest that population doubling times are stabilizing, or even increasing, the population increase in absolute numbers is nevertheless greater each year, and the rate of growth may still be faster than a simple exponential function. There can be little doubt that too large a population, together with the pressures stemming from its demands for an even higher standard of living, sets requirements greater than our planet can safely sustain. This article reviews some aspects of global population data and population dynamics. 相似文献
186.
Bai Rong Collins Cyleste Fischer Robert Groza Victor Yang Liuhong 《Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal》2022,39(2):247-260
Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal - Housing insecurity and involvement with the child welfare system are common experiences for low-income families. To date, previous empirical studies on... 相似文献
187.
188.
N.Jardine, R.Sibson: Mathematical Taxonomy, J. Wiley & Sons, London-New York-Sydney-Toronto 1971, XIII, 286 S., £ 6.00. J.-F.Richard: Postior and Predictive Densities for Simultaneous Equation Models, Springer-Verlag, Berlin-Heidelberg-New York 1973, VI, 226 S., DM 20,–. V.Barnett: Comparative Statisitcal Inference. J. Wiley & Sons, London 1973, XV, 287 S., £ 5.25. 相似文献
189.
Daniel Fischer Hannu Oja Johanna Schleutker Pranab K. Sen Tiina Wahlfors 《Scandinavian Journal of Statistics》2014,41(3):672-692
New statistical procedures are introduced to analyse typical microRNA expression data sets. For each separate microRNA expression, the null hypothesis to be tested is that there is no difference between the distributions of the expression in different groups. The test statistics are then constructed having certain type of alternatives in mind. To avoid strong (parametric) distributional assumptions, the alternatives are formulated using probabilities of different orders of pairs or triples of observations coming from different groups, and the test statistics are then constructed using corresponding several‐sample U‐statistics, natural estimates of these probabilities. Classical several‐sample rank test statistics, such as the Kruskal–Wallis and Jonckheere–Terpstra tests, are special cases in our approach. Also, as the number of variables (microRNAs) is huge, we confront a serious simultaneous testing problem. Different approaches to control the family‐wise error rate or the false discovery rate are shortly discussed, and it is shown how the Chen–Stein theorem can be used to show that family‐wise error rate can be controlled for cluster‐dependent microRNAs under weak assumptions. The theory is illustrated with an analysis of real data, a microRNA expression data set on Finnish (aggressive and non‐aggressive) prostate cancer patients and their controls. 相似文献
190.
In a recent issue of Decision Sciences, Muhlemann, Lockett, and Gear [8] developed a multiple-objective, stochastic linear programming formulation of the multiperiod portfolio selection problem under uncertainty. The purpose of this note is to offer some extensions to their multicriteria approach which is otherwise viewed as an excellent attempt at modeling realistic aspects of the portfolio selection problem. Further, integer goal programming combined with simulation is suggested as an alternate approach for solving the dynamic multiple-objective problem. 相似文献