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241.
Marcelo Medeiros 《Social indicators research》2006,78(1):1-18
The paper proposes a simple methodology to estimate an affluence line that depends on the knowledge of the income distribution
and the poverty line for a given population. The idea that poverty is morally unacceptable and can be eradicated through redistribution
of wealth provides the grounds for the methodology. The line is defined as the value that delimitates the aggregated income
required to eradicate poverty by the way of transfers from the rich to the poor. I estimate an affluence line using Brazilian
1999 National Household Survey data and briefly discuss the results. 相似文献
242.
Ramos BM 《Journal of gerontological social work》2007,49(1-2):47-64
The needs of older persons in historically oppressed racial and ethnic populations remain "invisible" in the public arena (Wallace & Villa, 1999). Understanding the ethnocultural factors that shape their housing needs is essential to effective, equitable policy formation and program planning. This article examines the impact of housing disparities, health status, and cultural patterns of caregiving in relation to older Puerto Ricans on the U.S. mainland. Following a literature review of the socio-economic, living arrangement, and cultural profiles of older Puerto Ricans, policy recommendations to advance adequate housing options for this population are provided. The article concludes with a discussion of Section 202 housing policies and how they can be adapted to the current and emerging population of older Puerto Ricans. 相似文献
243.
ABSTRACTAdding new shape parameters to expand a model into a larger family of distributions to provide significantly skewed and heavy-tails plays a fundamental role in distribution theory. For any continuous baseline G distribution, Risti? and Balakrishnan (2012) proposed the gamma-generated family of distributions with an extra positive shape parameter. They presented some special models of their family but did not study its properties. This paper examines some general mathematical properties of this family which hold for any baseline model. Some distributions are studied and a number of existing results in the literature can be recovered as special cases. We estimate the model parameters by maximum likelihood and illustrate the importance of the family by means of an application to a real data set. 相似文献
244.
Cibele Queiroz da-Silva Eduardo G. Martins Vinícius Bonato Sérgio Furtado dos Reis 《统计学通讯:模拟与计算》2013,42(4):816-828
We develop a series of Bayesian statistical models for estimating survival of a neotropic didelphid marsupial, the Brazilian gracile mouse opossum (Gracilinanus microtarsus). These models are based on the Cormack–Jolly–Seber model (Cormack, 1964; Jolly 1965; Seber 1965) with both survival and recapture rates expressed as a function of covariates using a logit link. The proposed models allow taking into account heterogeneity in capture probability caused by the existence of different groups of individuals in the population. The models were applied to two cohorts (Cohort, 2000, 2001) with the first one including 14 and the second one 15 sampling occasions. The best models for each of the cohorts indicate that G. microtarsus is best described as partially semelparous, a condition in which mortality after the first mating is high but graded over time, with a fraction of males surviving for a second breeding season (Boonstra, 2005). 相似文献
245.
The authors conducted an investigation of The Pennsylvania State University's Alcohol Intervention Program Level 2 (AIP2) to determine goodness of fit of the program components and its underpinning theories. They determined that the Health Belief Model, Social Norms Theory, Social Learning Theory, and the Transtheoretical Model Stages of Change and Process of Change are associated with AIP2's program elements. Although elements of AIP2 fit with these theories, gaps did exist within the program. The authors put forth recommendations for additional program elements that would strengthen the fit with these theories and enhance the program. In addition, upon examining the Transtheoretical Model Stages of Change and Process of Change in terms of sequence, the authors found that information from the readiness to change assessment was not being used to tailor the program elements to individual participant needs. Moreover, the postreadiness-to-change measure adapted by a prereadiness-to-change assessment was not useful in determining behavior change. 相似文献
246.
Luis Moura Ramos 《LABOUR》2002,16(1):157-175
The paper studies some characteristics of Portuguese profit‐sharing (PS) firms based on a sample of 192 manufacturing firms. Some issues are examined that could help explain observed productivity differences such as the performance contingency of PS payments and the complementary or substitution nature of these payments regarding wages. The higher productivity found for PS firms seems to be more related to higher total remuneration in these firms than to the specific PS pay formula. The issues of why, how and by whom PS payments are determined could clarify the exact nature of our findings. 相似文献
247.
The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted that health security systems must be redesigned, in a way that they are better prepared and ready to cope with multiple and diverse health threats, from predictable and well-known epidemics to unexpected and challenging pandemics. A powerful way of accomplishing this goal is to focus the planning on health capabilities. This focus may enhance the ability to respond to and recover from health threats and emergencies, while helping to identify the level of resources required to maintain and build up those capabilities that are critical in ensuring the preparedness of health security systems. However, current attempts for defining and organizing health capabilities have some important limitations. First, such attempts were not designed to consider diverse scenarios and multiple health threats. Second, they provide a limited representation of capabilities and lack a systemic perspective. Third, they struggle to identify capability and resource gaps. In this article, we thus propose a new framework for identifying and structuring health capabilities and support health capability planning. The suggested framework has three main potential benefits. First, the framework may help policymakers in planning under high levels of uncertainty, by considering multiple realistic and stressful scenarios. Second, it can provide risk analysts with a more comprehensive representation of health capabilities and their complex relationships. Third, it can support planners in identifying resource and capability gaps. We illustrate the use of the framework in practice considering an outbreak scenario caused by three different health threats (COVID-19, Ebola, and Influenza viruses). 相似文献
248.
Statistical Methods & Applications - This work aims at jointly modelling longitudinal and survival HIV data by considering the sharing of a set of parameters of interest. For the CD4... 相似文献
249.