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71.
Matthias Weiss Stefan Razinskas Julia Backmann Martin Hoegl 《The Leadership Quarterly》2018,29(2):309-321
Research on authentic leadership has yielded important insights about its effects on subordinates. However, its consequences for the leaders themselves remain largely unexamined. This is problematic, as organizations require their leaders to provide guidance and leaders' mental well-being is a prerequisite for this. Drawing on the theories of ego-depletion and authentic leadership, we investigate the role of authentic leadership in predicting leaders' mental well-being. In an experience sampling study, we apply hierarchical linear modeling to analyze 396 observations from 44 executives. Our multilevel moderated mediation analyses reveal that authentic leadership reduces leaders' stress and increases their work engagement and that these effects are mediated by leader mental depletion. Moreover, we show that the indirect effects are contingent on the extent to which leaders interact with their subordinates: authentic leaders deplete less with increasing follower interaction, while inauthentic leaders deplete less with decreasing follower interaction. 相似文献
72.
Olaf Struck Matthias Dütsch Gesine Stephan 《KZfSS K?lner Zeitschrift für Soziologie und Sozialpsychologie》2017,69(3):473-501
Managerial compensation in large companies is subject to many critical concerns; this holds particularly for bonus payments. Empirical evidence shows that nearly three quarter of the German population perceive managers’ incomes as unfairly high. Based on an own survey, we examine what drives fairness perceptions of bonus payments for managers: When do employees assess bonus payments for managers within their own company as unfairly high? Under which conditions do they accept high bonus payments? The analyses show that acceptance decreases with the estimated amount of bonus paid. It increases, however, if aspects of procedural and distributive justice are taken into account. 相似文献
73.
José André de Moura Brito Gustavo Silva Semaan Augusto Cesar Fadel Luciana Roque Brito 《统计学通讯:模拟与计算》2017,46(6):4419-4451
A new optimization algorithm is presented to solve the stratification problem. Assuming the number L of strata and the total sample size n are fixed, we obtain strata boundaries by using an objective function associated with the variance. In this problem, strata boundaries must be determined so that the elements in each stratum are more homogeneous among themselves. To produce more homogeneous strata, this paper proposes a new algorithm that uses the Greedy Randomized Adaptive Search Procedure (GRASP) methodology. Computational results are presented for a set of problems, with the application of the new algorithm and some algorithms from literature. 相似文献
74.
Examination and visualisation of the simplifying assumption for vine copulas in three dimensions
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Matthias Killiches Daniel Kraus Claudia Czado 《Australian & New Zealand Journal of Statistics》2017,59(1):95-117
Vine copulas are a highly flexible class of dependence models, which are based on the decomposition of the density into bivariate building blocks. For applications one usually makes the simplifying assumption that copulas of conditional distributions are independent of the variables on which they are conditioned. However this assumption has been criticised for being too restrictive. We examine both simplified and non‐simplified vine copulas in three dimensions and investigate conceptual differences. We show and compare contour surfaces of three‐dimensional vine copula models, which prove to be much more informative than the contour lines of the bivariate marginals. Our investigation shows that non‐simplified vine copulas can exhibit arbitrarily irregular shapes, whereas simplified vine copulas appear to be smooth extrapolations of their bivariate margins to three dimensions. In addition to a variety of constructed examples, we also investigate a three‐dimensional subset of the well‐known uranium data set and visually detect the fact that a non‐simplified vine copula is necessary to capture its complex dependence structure. 相似文献
75.
Existing projection designs (e.g. maximum projection designs) attempt to achieve good space-filling properties in all projections. However, when using a Gaussian process (GP), model-based design criteria such as the entropy criterion is more appropriate. We employ the entropy criterion averaged over a set of projections, called expected entropy criterion (EEC), to generate projection designs. We show that maximum EEC designs are invariant to monotonic transformations of the response, i.e. they are optimal for a wide class of stochastic process models. We also demonstrate that transformation of each column of a Latin hypercube design (LHD) based on a monotonic function can substantially improve the EEC. Two types of input transformations are considered: a quantile function of a symmetric Beta distribution chosen to optimize the EEC, and a nonparametric transformation corresponding to the quantile function of a symmetric density chosen to optimize the EEC. Numerical studies show that the proposed transformations of the LHD are efficient and effective for building robust maximum EEC designs. These designs give projections with markedly higher entropies and lower maximum prediction variances (MPV''s) at the cost of small increases in average prediction variances (APV''s) compared to state-of-the-art space-filling designs over wide ranges of covariance parameter values. 相似文献
76.
The globalization of business corporations led to the thesis that a so-called global management class would emerge, both integrating transnational companies and facilitating a global business culture which is able to turn cultural diversity into a competitive advantage. Two questions stem from this thesis: First, how do talents and high potentials in transnational companies become global managers? Second, is global management to be understood as an integrating culture or as a selective one in the context of transnational corporations? The article explores these questions by contrasting the theory of global management with empirical findings from research concerning the strategies of international management assignment and the forming of expatriates’ “mental memberships“. It is shown that global management rests on a ‘thin’ Ethos of economic rationalities which give way to an exclusive “business monoculture” challenging cultural diversity taking place in everyday-life of transnational organizations. 相似文献
77.
78.
Matthias Schmid 《Allgemeines Statistisches Archiv》2006,90(3):419-438
Summary Microaggregation by individual ranking is one of themost commonly applied disclosure control techniques for continuous microdata.
The paper studies the effect of microaggregation by individual ranking on the least squares estimation of a multiple linear
regression model. It is shown that the traditional least squares estimates are asymptotically unbiased. Moreover, the least
squares estimates asymptotically have the same variances as the least squares estimates based on the original (non-aggregated)
data. Thus, asymptotically, microaggregation by individual ranking does not result in a loss of efficiency in the least squares
estimation of a multiple linear regression model.
I thank Hans Schneeweiss for very helpful discussions and comments. Financial support from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
(German Science Foundation) is gratefully acknowledged. 相似文献
79.
In this paper we empirically investigate the temporal development of a firm’s strategy implementation consistency (SIC), i.e. the alignment between firms’ resource allocation decisions (RAD) and their articulated corporate concept (Noda
and Bower, 1996; Burgelman and Grove, 1996; Love et al., 2002; Mintzberg, 1978). Doing so, we test whether (1) SIC is more
likely to increase or decline over time, (2) whether firms competing in (low) high-velocity environments in fact show different
temporal patterns in SIC, and (3) whether overperforming firms succeed in conserving their level of SIC. For our analysis
we draw on 6238 RAD of 20 publicly listed firms with European origin over a period of 4–6 years. Applying maximum likelihood
ordered logit estimation, our results indicate that the likelihood of an alignment of RAD and a firm’s corporate concept decreases
over time. In line with scholars’ perception of high-velocity environments, we find that the firms in our sample competing
under such conditions show no clear trend in SIC. These firms tend to “zig-zag” over time – swaying off and pulling back to
their strategic course independent of the timing of the announcement of a corporate concept. We also find that overperforming
firms are unsuccessful in preserving their SIC at the same level over time. Based on the empirical findings the paper discusses
implications for theory and derives suggestions for corporate level managers on how to balance SIC and strategic flexibility. 相似文献
80.
Neuroimaging research has brought major advances to child health and wellbeing. However, because of the vulnerabilities associated with neurological and developmental conditions, the parental need for hope, and the expectation of parents that new medical advances can benefit their child, pediatric neuroimaging research presents significant challenges to the general problem of consent in the context of research involving children. A particular challenge in this domain is created by the presence of therapeutic misconception on the part of parents and other key research stakeholders. This article revierws the concept of therapeutic misconception and its role in pediatric neuroimaging research. It argues that this misconception can compromise consent given by parents for the involvement of their children in research as healthy controls or as persons with neurological and developmental conditions. The article further contends that therapeutic misconception can undermine the research ethics review process for proposed and ongoing neuroimaging studies. Against this backdrop, the article concludes with recommendations for mitigating the effects of therapeutic misconception in pediatric neuroimaging research. 相似文献