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411.
Wu Yi Zheng Michael Walker Alex Blaszczynski 《Journal of gambling studies / co-sponsored by the National Council on Problem Gambling and Institute for the Study of Gambling and Commercial Gaming》2010,26(3):441-454
Mahjong is a popular gambling game played in Chinese communities all over the world (Papineau, China Perspect 28:29–42, 2000) and is sometimes referred to as ‘国赌’ (guodu, the Chinese national gambling game) or ‘修长城’ (xiu changcheng, repairing the Great Wall). Exploratory studies using snowball sampling conducted by Zheng et al. (J Psychol Chin Soc 9(2):241–262,
2008) indicated that Mahjong is not only a popular pastime within the Sydney Chinese community but also problematic for around
3% of players. The current study aimed to extend earlier studies by estimating the prevalence of Mahjong problem gambling
in a random sample of Sydney Chinese community members. In addition, due to first-hand gambling experience of the first author
with superstitious Mahjong players, the study also investigated the role of superstitious beliefs in Mahjong gambling. The
current study involved a series of self-report questionnaires administered to 469 randomly selected Chinese Australians in
Sydney. The problem gambling rate, assessed by the Canadian Problem Gambling Index (CPGI), was 3.8%, with Chinese males and
older Chinese prominent. Superstitious beliefs were found to play a part in the maintenance of Mahjong gambling behaviour.
Information stemming from the current study has helped gain insight into culturally specific forms of gambling, and to identify
correlates of problem gamblers. Funding bodies and counselling services should be aware of the existence of this form of gambling,
and should devise appropriate treatment plans for Mahjong problem gamblers. 相似文献
412.
Dipl.-Soz. Daniel Dorniok Prof. Dr. Michael Mohe 《Organisationsberatung, Supervision, Coaching》2010,17(1):51-60
With the conducted Delphi study diverse alternatives could be identified which have been used by Consultants in dealing with their own unawareness. Superior strategies, which controlled the adoption of individual steps and oriented the activities in dealing with unawareness, as well as organisational regulations for dealing with unawareness, were noticeable, which could be adopted depending on the subjective perception and assessment of the present unawareness and its relevance and impacts. The detected strategies ranged from the maintenance and use of unawareness to open communication and elimination of unawareness to total ignorance and the hiding of unawareness. Concerning organisational regulations, on the one hand formal regulations and on the other hand informal regulations could be found. 相似文献
413.
The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) is the most commonly reported measure of discrimination for prediction models with binary outcomes. However, recently it has been criticized for its inability to increase when important risk factors are added to a baseline model with good discrimination. This has led to the claim that the reliance on the AUC as a measure of discrimination may miss important improvements in clinical performance of risk prediction rules derived from a baseline model. In this paper we investigate this claim by relating the AUC to measures of clinical performance based on sensitivity and specificity under the assumption of multivariate normality. The behavior of the AUC is contrasted with that of discrimination slope. We show that unless rules with very good specificity are desired, the change in the AUC does an adequate job as a predictor of the change in measures of clinical performance. However, stronger or more numerous predictors are needed to achieve the same increment in the AUC for baseline models with good versus poor discrimination. When excellent specificity is desired, our results suggest that the discrimination slope might be a better measure of model improvement than AUC. The theoretical results are illustrated using a Framingham Heart Study example of a model for predicting the 10-year incidence of atrial fibrillation. 相似文献
414.
Michael Wallace Andrew S. Fullerton Mustafa E. Gurbuz 《Research in social stratification and mobility》2009
While union density in the public sector has increased in recent decades, private sector union density in the U.S. has declined steadily since the mid-1950s. Scholars have evoked a variety of explanations to account for the decline in union membership, but substantially less attention has been devoted to understanding the contribution of the union organizing process as governed by the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB). In this paper, we focus on two aspects of this process: union organizing effort (the effort to establish union representation elections to organize non-unionized workers) and union organizing success (success in winning union representation elections). Using annual time series data for the U.S. from 1948 to 2004, we show that there has been a long-term decline in both union organizing effort and union organizing success, which likely contributes to declining union density. We focus on three explanations for these changes: the political–legal environment for unions, deindustrialization and globalization, and employer opposition to unionization efforts. We find that each of these factors contributes to organizing effort and success and conclude with a discussion of the implications of this research for future mobilization efforts. 相似文献
415.
416.
Kate Silton Contributors Lynda Fuller Clendenning Contributors Susan Johns-Smith Contributors Andrée J. Rathemacher Contributors Michael A. Cerbo II Contributors Yuan Li Contributors Kelli Getz Contributors Kurt Blythe Column Editor 《Serials Review》2011,37(3):222-225
This quarter's column features reports from the 2011 Electronic Resources & Libraries Conference; the 2011 North Carolina Serials Conference; the 2011 Association of College and Research Libraries Conference; the 2011 Kansas Library Association Conference; the New England Technical Services Librarians Section of the New England Library Association Spring 2011 Conference; and the 2011 Texas Library Association Conference. 相似文献
417.
Sandeep Mishra Martin L. Lalumière Michael Morgan Robert J. Williams 《Journal of gambling studies / co-sponsored by the National Council on Problem Gambling and Institute for the Study of Gambling and Commercial Gaming》2011,27(3):409-426
Problem gambling is significantly more prevalent in forensic populations than in the general population. Although some previous
work suggests that gambling and antisocial behavior are related, the extent and nature of this relationship is unclear. Both
gambling and antisocial behavior are forms of risk-taking, and may therefore share common determinants. We investigated whether
individual differences in personality traits associated with risk-taking, the Big Five personality traits, and antisocial
tendencies predicted gambling and antisocial behavior among 180 male students recruited for a study of gambling (35.0% non-problem
gamblers, 36.7% low-risk gamblers, 21.7% problem gamblers, and 6.7% pathological gamblers). All forms of gambling and antisocial
behavior were significantly correlated. Personality traits associated with risk-acceptance explained a significant portion
of the variance in problem gambling, general gambling involvement, and all forms of antisocial behavior. Antisocial tendencies
(aggression and psychopathic tendencies) explained a significant portion of additional variance in severe antisocial behavior
but not moderate or minor antisocial behavior. When controlling for personality traits associated with risk-acceptance, the
relationship between gambling and antisocial behavior was greatly diminished. The results are consistent with the hypothesis
that gambling and antisocial behavior are associated because they are, in part, different manifestations of similar personality
traits. 相似文献
418.
Non-parametric Estimation of the Residual Distribution 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Consider a heteroscedastic regression model Y = m ( X ) +σ( X )ε, where the functions m and σ are "smooth", and ε is independent of X . An estimator of the distribution of ε based on non-parametric regression residuals is proposed and its weak convergence is obtained. Applications to prediction intervals and goodness-of-fit tests are discussed. 相似文献
419.
Service robotics: do you know your new companion? Framing an interdisciplinary technology assessment
Decker M Dillmann R Dreier T Fischer M Gutmann M Ott I Spiecker Genannt D?hmann I 《Poiesis & praxis》2011,8(1):25-44
Service-Robotic—mainly defined as “non-industrial robotics”—is identified as the next economical success story to be expected
after robots have been ubiquitously implemented into industrial production lines. Under the heading of service-robotic, we
found a widespread area of applications reaching from robotics in agriculture and in the public transportation system to service
robots applied in private homes. We propose for our interdisciplinary perspective of technology assessment to take the human
user/worker as common focus. In some cases, the user/worker is the effective subject acting by means of and in cooperation
with a service robot; in other cases, the user/worker might become a pure object of the respective robotic system, for example,
as a patient in a hospital. In this paper, we present a comprehensive interdisciplinary framework, which allows us to scrutinize
some of the most relevant applications of service robotics; we propose to combine technical, economical, legal, philosophical/ethical,
and psychological perspectives in order to design a thorough and comprehensive expert-based technology assessment. This allows
us to understand the potentials as well as the limits and even the threats connected with the ongoing and the planned implementation
of service robots into human lifeworld—particularly of those technical systems displaying increasing grades of autonomy. 相似文献
420.
The belief that doctors respond to declining demand by treating patients more aggressively has created skepticism about relying on market forces to restructure physician supply. We argue that even if the physician labor market is dysfunctional under fee-for-service incentives, it can perform better as managed care becomes dominant. Our model implies a nonlinear effect of managed care penetration on incomes. Physicians can offset most or all of initial declines in demand, but cannot insulate themselves indefinitely. This may explain the observation that, until recently, the growth of managed care has not been accompanied by large physician income changes. ( JEL III, J31) 相似文献