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91.
We investigate refinements of two solutions, the saddle and the weak saddle, defined by Shapley (1964) for two-player zero-sum
games. Applied to weak tournaments, the first refinement, the mixed saddle, is unique and gives us a new solution, generally lying between the GETCHA and GOTCHA sets of Schwartz (1972, 1986). In the
absence of ties, all three solutions reduce to the usual top cycle set. The second refinement, the weak mixed saddle, is not generally unique, but, in the absence of ties, it is unique and coincides with the minimal covering set.
Received: 14 August 1998/Accepted: 12 November 1999 相似文献
92.
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in the US. The growth of the older population in coming decades will inevitably increase the incidence of age-related cardiac disease. Increasing evidence has shown the prevalence of co-morbid mental health conditions in CVD patients. Specifically, depression and anxiety have been linked with CVD mortality. Due to the risk of psychosocial conditions with cardiac patients, mental health practitioners in health and gerontology need to be well-informed about CVD-related mental health comorbidity and current research developments. Accordingly, this article provides a systematic review of the clinical evidence about the efficacy, cost-effectiveness, and any potential risk of psychosocial intervention with cardiac patients. 相似文献
93.
Denuit M 《Lifetime data analysis》2007,13(3):381-397
Projected life tables are obtained from forecasting methods and account for future improvements in longevity. Since the future
path of mortality is unknown, working with projected life tables makes the survival probabilities stochastic. The resulting
demographic indicators in turn become random variables. This paper aims to study the distribution of period and cohort life
expectancies derived from projected life tables. To fix the ideas, we adopt here the standard Lee–Carter framework, where
the future forces of mortality are decomposed in a log-bilinear way. Exact formulas are derived for period life expectancies,
and approximations are proposed for cohort life expectancies. In the latter case, numerical illustrations based on Belgian
population data show that the relative accuracy is remarkable. 相似文献
94.
Michel Lallement Catherine Marry Marc Loriol Pascale Molinier Michel Gollac Pascal Marichalar Emmanuel Martin 《Sociologie du Travail》2011,53(1):205
In recent years, the attention of French public opinion has been focused on the noxious effects of new ways of organizing work. Stress, “suffering”, burnout, psychosocial risks and suicides are topics that have brought experts, the media and politicians into action. What do the social sciences have to say about this? Among the several reactions presented, the principal contrast arises between those who analyze the ills of work as “social constructions” and those who see them as the implications of a trend toward intensifying job-related activities. 相似文献
95.
Nada Hamadeh Michel Mouyelo-Katoula Paulus Konijn Francette Koechlin 《Social indicators research》2017,131(1):23-42
The International Comparison Program (ICP) is a worldwide statistical initiative designed to estimate purchasing power parities (PPPs) that can be used as currency converters to compare the performance of countries around the world, thereby providing in-depth views of the distribution of resources worldwide. The 2011 round of the ICP was leveraged on the successful outcome of the 2005 round that included 146 countries, introducing various methodological improvements. The summary report and results from the 2011 round were released in April 2014 and provided PPPs, price levels indices, and expenditures in PPP terms for the GDP and major aggregates for 199 participating countries. More detailed results were released in June 2014 and a final comprehensive report in October 2014. The final report provided a more in-depth analysis of volume and per capita indices. The results stirred a strong debate among the user community because of their finding that the world has become more equal than previously thought. The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of the main results and findings of ICP 2011, its governance framework and partnership with the Eurostat-Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) PPP program, and the major methodological innovations that were implemented. The paper reviews the major uses of the PPPs generated by the ICP 2011 and the Eurostat-OECD PPP program, and concludes with thoughts about the future of the ICP. 相似文献
96.
1930年代的国民党政府企图控制文学生产,以“合法”的形式建立起对作家的专制控制,这属于严格意义上的文学审查范围.国民党的审查制度,是正式审查的一个例子,是出版前审查和出版后审查的某种混合.1934年成立于上海的中央图书杂志审查委员会,似乎并没有改变1930年代中国文学场内部主要权力关系.与其它地区的审查和压制比起来,国民党文学审查在一定程度上尊重文学场的法则. 相似文献
97.
A growing number of professionals use online social networks (e.g., Xing or LinkedIn) for business reasons by specifically promoting themselves. Especially executives and entrepreneurs use business social networks as a marketing tool in order to manage their business contacts and, thus, positioning themselves as a brand. Using on Keller’s (1993) customer-based brand equity model, we focus on the special behavior of entrepreneurs in such social networks. Based on the a large data set from a leading social network, we empirically analyze whether entrepreneurs act differently than other users and whether this strategy pays off. Based on a SUR model, we determine what the drivers for entrepreneurs’ profile views and contacts are. The results show that entrepreneurs focus on communicating their intentions and competencies and engage actively in the community. Especially participating in user groups and attending community events are key drivers for success. 相似文献
98.
Michel Messu 《International social security review》1992,45(3):71-82
From the outset, French family policy has vacillated between several objectives: defending the institution of the family, encouraging childbirth and reducing social inequalities. In the current context of social policy, certain family allowances take on the appearance of veritable social incomes policy measures. Children, in the same way as loss of employment or disablement, give rise to entitlement to social solidarity. This paper will examine the case of the single-parent allowance, introduced in France in 1976, and will place it in the context of "minimum social incomes", taken to mean those that afford a modicum of self-respect, rather than being mere subsistence incomes. 相似文献
99.
Magali Dufour Noël Nguyen Karine Bertrand Michel Perreault Didier Jutras-Aswad Adèle Morvannou Julie Bruneau Djamal Berbiche Élise Roy 《Journal of gambling studies / co-sponsored by the National Council on Problem Gambling and Institute for the Study of Gambling and Commercial Gaming》2016,32(3):1039-1053
Cocaine use is highly prevalent and a major public health problem. While some studies have reported frequent comorbidity problems among cocaine users, few studies have included evaluation of gambling problems. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of gambling problems and compare those who were at-risk gamblers with non-problem gamblers in terms of mental health problems, substance use problems, and some risk factors (i.e. family antecedents, erroneous perceptions and coping strategies) among individuals who smoke or inject cocaine. A total of 424 smoked or injected cocaine users recruited through community-based programs in Montreal (Quebec) completed the questionnaire, including the Canadian Pathological Gambling Index, the Composite International Diagnostic Interview, the CAGE, and the Severity Dependence Scale. Of the sample, 18.4 % were considered at-risk gamblers, of whom 7.8 % had problems gambling and 10.6 % were moderate-risk gamblers. The at-risk group was more likely to have experienced a recent phobic disorder and alcohol problems than the non-problem group. A multivariate analysis showed that, compared to those who were non-problem gamblers, the at-risk ones were more likely to have lost a large sum of money when they first started gambling, believed that their luck would turn, and gambled in reaction to painful life events. These results indicate the need to include routines for screening to identify gambling problem among cocaine users. 相似文献
100.
Currently, the different forms of corporate management methods (quality circles, lean manufacturing, etc.) are usually based on employee mobilisation. Very often, the goal of this type of approach is at best, to ensure that employees embrace corporate projects, or otherwise to impose changes on them without taking into account the real work and difficulties that they face daily. However, do these employee solicitation methods converge with participatory approaches as envisaged by ergonomists and more generally, preventionists? Based on the observation that the activity of institutional preventionists evolves with regulatory constraints and work related to the monitoring of indicators, the implementation and steering of the participatory approach within companies may be a major lever for prevention. After describing the foundations of a participatory approach, this paper will present a training experiment aimed at implementing and promoting employee participation in prevention efforts. The content of this training is then analysed with regard to the balance between methodology and the use of trainees' narratives. The results of the training session are presented from the point of view of the development prospects for pedagogical tools and the organisation of the training. 相似文献