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81.
This study tested the effects on social perceptions of sexual marital rights and duties of ambivalent sexist ideology and information about the benevolent sexist ideology of a husband, portrayed in a hypothetical marital vignette. In addition, the perception of whether hypothetical forced sex between husband and wife is considered rape was explored. For one half of the participants (college students), the husband was presented as high in benevolent sexism (BS); and for the other half, no information about his ideology was given. Results showed that participants in the first group ranked sexual marital rights (for him) and duties (for her) more highly, and regarded forced sex as rape to a lesser extent. Positive relationships were also found between participants’ BS and these ratings. Moreover, participants’ perceptions of marital rights and duties played a mediating role in the relationship between their BS and their perception of forced penetration as rape. Finally, an interaction was found between participants’ and husbands’ BS in the perception of marital rights and duties: The influence of participants’ BS was higher when the husband was presented as a benevolent sexist man. Results highlight the role of sexist attitudes in the interpretation of marital rape. 相似文献
82.
Is the German system of corporate governance converging towards the Anglo-American model? 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
This paper analyses whether the German corporate governance is converging towards Anglo-American practices. We summarise the
extant empirical evidence on the various governance mechanisms that economic theory suggests ensure efficiency and describe
recent legal developments. We find no clear signs of convergence in form, i.e. the main distinctive features of the German system have remained largely unaltered. However, changes occurred over
the last decade (specially in the legal framework) suggest a certain convergence in function, i.e. some governance mechanisms have effectively incorporated aims and/or goals generally associated with the Anglo-American
model.
Marc Goergen has a degree in economics from the Free University of Brussels, an MBA from Solvay Business School (Brussels) and a DPhil from the University of Oxford. He has held appointments at UMIST, and the Universities of Manchester and Reading. He holds a chair in finance at the University of Sheffield. His research interests are in international corporate governance, mergers & acquisitions, dividend policy, corporate investment models, insider trading and initial public offerings. Marc has widely published in academic journals such as European Financial Management, the Journal of Corporate Finance, the Journal of Finance, the Journal of Financial Intermediation and the Journal of Law, Economics & Organization. He has also contributed chapters to numerous books and written two books (Corporate Governance and Financial Performance published by Edward Elgar and Dividend Policy and Corporate Governance by Oxford University Press). Marc is a Research Associate of the European Corporate Governance Institute. Miguel C. Manjon is Associate Professor at the Department of Economics, Rovira i Virgili University (Spain). He has also held visiting positions at the Netherlands Bureau for Economic Policy Analysis and the Universities of Warwick (UK) and Tilburg (the Netherlands). His research interests include corporate governance and industrial organization. He has published in Applied Economics, Empirica, European Journal of Law and Economics, Journal of Theoretical and Institutional Economics, International Review of Law and Economics and Small Business Economics, among others. Luc Renneboog is Professor of Corporate Finance at Tilburg University. He graduated from the Catholic University of Leuven with degrees in management engineering (MSc) and in philosophy (BA), from the University of Chicago with an MBA, and from the London Business School with a PhD in financial economics. He held appointments at the University of Leuven and Oxford University, and visiting appointments throughout Europe. He has published in the J. of Finance, J. of Financial Intermediation, Journal of Law and Economics, and others. His research interests are corporate finance, corporate governance, dividend policy, insider trading, law and economics, and the economics of art. 相似文献
Luc RenneboogEmail: |
Marc Goergen has a degree in economics from the Free University of Brussels, an MBA from Solvay Business School (Brussels) and a DPhil from the University of Oxford. He has held appointments at UMIST, and the Universities of Manchester and Reading. He holds a chair in finance at the University of Sheffield. His research interests are in international corporate governance, mergers & acquisitions, dividend policy, corporate investment models, insider trading and initial public offerings. Marc has widely published in academic journals such as European Financial Management, the Journal of Corporate Finance, the Journal of Finance, the Journal of Financial Intermediation and the Journal of Law, Economics & Organization. He has also contributed chapters to numerous books and written two books (Corporate Governance and Financial Performance published by Edward Elgar and Dividend Policy and Corporate Governance by Oxford University Press). Marc is a Research Associate of the European Corporate Governance Institute. Miguel C. Manjon is Associate Professor at the Department of Economics, Rovira i Virgili University (Spain). He has also held visiting positions at the Netherlands Bureau for Economic Policy Analysis and the Universities of Warwick (UK) and Tilburg (the Netherlands). His research interests include corporate governance and industrial organization. He has published in Applied Economics, Empirica, European Journal of Law and Economics, Journal of Theoretical and Institutional Economics, International Review of Law and Economics and Small Business Economics, among others. Luc Renneboog is Professor of Corporate Finance at Tilburg University. He graduated from the Catholic University of Leuven with degrees in management engineering (MSc) and in philosophy (BA), from the University of Chicago with an MBA, and from the London Business School with a PhD in financial economics. He held appointments at the University of Leuven and Oxford University, and visiting appointments throughout Europe. He has published in the J. of Finance, J. of Financial Intermediation, Journal of Law and Economics, and others. His research interests are corporate finance, corporate governance, dividend policy, insider trading, law and economics, and the economics of art. 相似文献
83.
This article develops a method for computing the sensitivity analysis in a Gaussian Bayesian network. The measure presented is based on the Kullback–Leibler divergence and is useful to evaluate the impact of prior changes over the posterior marginal density of the target variable in the network. We find that some changes do not disturb the posterior marginal density of interest. Finally, we describe a method to compare different sensitivity measures obtained depending on where the inaccuracy was. An example is used to illustrate the concepts and methods presented. 相似文献
84.
Fernanda De Bastiani Robert A. Rigby Audrey H.M.A. Cysneiros Miguel A. Uribe-Opazo 《Journal of applied statistics》2018,45(1):168-186
This paper describes the modelling and fitting of Gaussian Markov random field spatial components within a Generalized AdditiveModel for Location, Scale and Shape (GAMLSS) model. This allows modelling of any or all the parameters of the distribution for the response variable using explanatory variables and spatial effects. The response variable distribution is allowed to be a non-exponential family distribution. A new package developed in R to achieve this is presented. We use Gaussian Markov random fields to model the spatial effect in Munich rent data and explore some features and characteristics of the data. The potential of using spatial analysis within GAMLSS is discussed. We argue that the flexibility of parametric distributions, ability to model all the parameters of the distribution and diagnostic tools of GAMLSS provide an ideal environment for modelling spatial features of data. 相似文献
85.
This article analyzes the efficiency levels of nonprofit sports clubs through the data envelopment analysis methodology and specifically evaluates how efficient and inefficient clubs perceive the distinct contribution of stakeholders in attaining their respective levels of output efficiency. The results distinguish the varying levels of efficiency between such clubs and highlight significant differences in the roles of the local government and of associations and federations in attaining these efficiency levels. The study further suggests best practices that can be adopted by officials at inefficient clubs toward reducing or eliminating their shortfalls in efficiency. 相似文献
86.
Renata Arrington‐Sanders Anthony Morgan Jessica Oidtman Miguel C. Gomez Adedotun Ogunbajo Maria Trent J. Dennis Fortenberry 《Journal of research on adolescence》2016,26(4):1009-1021
Despite high human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) rates among young Black men who have sex with men (YBMSM), there are limited data about condom use during first same‐sex (FSS). This study sought to understand socio‐contextual factors of 50 YBMSM aged 15–19 years that influenced condom use during FSS. Condom use was influenced by individual, partner, and community factors. Individual factors—recent illness or sexually transmitted infections (STI)—prompted condom use, while frequent HIV testing prompted nonuse. Partner factors—proactive encouragement from partners—prompted condom use, while trust and condom discomfort prompted nonuse. Larger community factors—such as presence of females—were key for use, while limited sexual health information combined with peers who discouraged condoms prompted nonuse. A multilevel approach may be useful in developing sexual health programming for these young men. 相似文献
87.
In this article, we analyze the influence of being disabled on poverty dynamics. We present results adjusting the modified OECD equivalence scale by the number of adults with severe disabilities in the household and calculate poverty rates with this disability-adjusted scale. In addition we address the problem of incidental parameters in econometric models for the probability of being poor and separate the effects of being disabled on poverty that are short and long-term. The results show that the long-term (‘persistence’) effect is three times the short-term (‘true state dependence’) effect, which has significant social policy implications. 相似文献
88.
Perez MA 《Work (Reading, Mass.)》2012,41(Z1):4200-4204
The use of a radio while driving has long been considered a "threshold" of distraction that is socially acceptable although it may be a factor in some crashes and near crashes. This "social acceptance" has prompted the use of radio tasks, specifically radio tuning, as "references" that should not be exceeded by other secondary and tertiary tasks that make their way into the vehicle. As new functions make their way into vehicle radios (or more advanced infotainment systems), however, it is possible that radio tasks may become distracting to a level that surpasses current driver expectations. This investigation examines the naturalistic usage of several advanced infotainment systems and examines whether usage is associated first with changes in near crash occurrence and second with changes in driving behavior. Little association was found with near crashes: 5 of 46 near crash events observed in the dataset exhibited infotainment system use. Drivers involved in infotainment system use during near crashes, however, did exhibit distinct glance behaviors, generally suggesting lower levels of awareness about their driving environment. Initial analyses of a larger dataset appear to confirm these findings. 相似文献
89.
Blessing M. Chiripanhura Miguel Nio‐Zarazúa 《Development policy review : the journal of the Overseas Development Institute》2016,34(6):763-788
This article examines the impacts of the financial, food and fuel crises on poor and vulnerable households in two states of Nigeria: Lagos and Kano. It uses retrospective household‐level data to analyze the impacts of induced price variability on household welfare. The results indicate that aggregate shocks have significant adverse effects on household consumption, schooling and child labour decisions, with a degree of impact heterogeneity across regions and rural and urban areas of the country. We find that the coping strategies adopted by the poor to deal with the short‐term effects of the crises can lock households in a low‐income equilibrium or poverty trap. Provided that covariate shocks exacerbate these effects, they become central for policy design. 相似文献
90.
Carlos GARCÍA‐SERRANO Miguel Á. MALO 《International labour review / International Labour Office》2014,153(3):455-471
Using data from the European Community Household Panel for six European countries (Austria, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Portugal and Spain) for the period 1995–2001, this article investigates how disability affects workers' absenteeism. The results show that workers with disabilities are absent more often than workers without disabilities. This finding is obtained after controlling for individuals' self‐reported health, visits to doctors and nights spent in hospital. The severity of disability is also a relevant factor in higher absenteeism. The total effect of disability on absenteeism amounts to a marginal increase of six to 26 days per year (depending on the country). 相似文献