双语教学与“文化侵入”

文章从语言的功能、语言与文化的关系、双语教学的必要性和双语教学中的语言关系等方面,阐述了"双语教学"并非"文化入侵",而是时代发展的必然,是社会进步的表现.     

显微成像数字化及教学应用

文章利用现有设备状况,采取"光学显微镜+摄像机或普通数码照相机+图像采集卡"的方案,进行了显微图像数字化系统的研究。该方案充分挖掘现有设备的潜力,具有很强的实用性和可观的经济价值。     

试论"与时俱进"的理论品质

"与时俱进"丰富和发展了马克思主义的哲学范畴及其整个理论体系,它概括了当今时代的本质、内容和基本特征,体现了时代精神,具有鲜明的时代性."与时俱进"要求以人作为主体的自觉能动的实践活动为中心,运用开拓创新的思维方式、研究方法、实践手段去研究与掌握人与世界的总体性关系.因此,"与时俱进"具有时代性、主体性和创新性三个方面的理论品质.     

Impartiality and interpersonal comparisons of variations in well-being

The moral imperative requiring equal treatment of equal claims, or impartiality, is defined in the frameworks of Harsanyi's aggregation and impartial observer theorems as an axiomatic restriction of the underlying moral value judgments. The implications of impartiality for the functional form of the corresponding social welfare functions are derived and are shown to entail interpersonal comparison of variations in well-being. The argument is illustrated with examples.This paper was written while I visited CORE at the Universite Catholique de Louvain and Universite Sorbonne-Pantheon (Paris I). I am grateful to both institutions for their hospitality. I am also grateful to Omer Alper, Philippe Mongin, Zvi Safra, and Uzi Segal for their useful comments.     

Farsighted stability in hedonic games

We investigate how rational individuals partition themselves into different coalitions in hedonic games (see Banerjee et al. 2001 and Bogomolnaia and Jackson 2002), where individuals' preferences depend solely on the composition of the coalition they belong to. Given that the four solution concepts studied in the literature (core, Nash stability, individual stability and contractual individual stability) may exhibit myopia on the part of the players, we amend these notions by endowing players with foresight in that they look many steps ahead and consider only credible outcomes. We study the properties of the farsighted stability solutions; in particular, we show that when preferences are strict, coalition structures in the core are farsighted stable and a similar result also holds for Nash stability but not for individual stability and contractual individual stability. We thank Birgit Grodal, Hideo Konishi, an associate editor and two referees for their helpful comments and suggestions. Thanks also go to the audiences at University of Copenhagen, CSAET, 2001, Workshop on Coalitions and Networks at Warwick, 2001, and International Game Theory Conference at Stony Brook, 2001.     

The impossibility of a Paretian egalitarian

In a one-good world, there is a nice correspondence between the Pigou-Dalton principle of transfer and social welfare dominance. In this paper we study the case of multiple goods (without using prices as a means to come back to one dimension), and show that many results of the one-dimensional setting carry over to the multidimensional case when individuals are assumed to have identical preferences. But the nice correspondence breaks down as soon as individual preferences display minimal differences, and multidimensional versions of the transfer principle clash with the Pareto principle. This analysis reveals an interesting connection with the theory of fair allocation, since multidimensional transfer principles are closely related to the no-domination criterion, a weak version of the no-envy criterion.For helpful comments, we thank J. L. Castillo, M. Le Breton, Y. Sprumont, K. Suzumura and participants at a workshop in Osnabrück, a LivinTax conference in Bordeaux and a seminar in Hitotsubashi University, as well as two referees. Financial support from TMR project Living Standards, Inequality and Taxation Contract no ERBFMXCT 980248 of the European Commission is gratefully acknowledged. We thank Michel Le Breton for giving us the permission to state a result contained in his unpublished Ph D thesis.     

Trust and functional foods. New products,old issues

Trust in the "agro-food" sector has been declining in recent years reflecting a general decline of trust in traditional decision making processes. The introduction of new technologies in the production of foods re-introduces the problem of trust and highlights the parameters affecting its structure and direction. This paper discusses the issue of trust in relation to the introduction of functional foods into the market. Trust is assessed as both a philosophical and a psychological construct with particular emphasis on its communication aspects. The paper ends with specific recommendations for action in the agro-food sector. This paper partly reflects work done with Professor Cees Midden, Technical University of Eindhoven, as part of an expert technology assessment project for the Europaeische Akademie Bad Neuenahr Ahrweiler GmbH.     

Vereinsmanagement in Zeiten der Veränderung

Associations and unions are under high optimisation pressure because of fewer public money and general changes in society. Many try to cope with this hard situation by looking for business management instruments. Quick solutions are however not easy to get. These organisations are for their members, to a high degree, social communities as well as political action communities and economic or services communities. These three different forms of communities constitute subsystems in associations with their own very specific organisatinal logic. If one of those subsystems get out of balance it would affect the two others. Modern management instruments are useless in changes projects handling changes, as long as the managing committee doesn’t initiate broad and extensive internal discussions about the future direction of the association. Project handling changes have only a chance to succeed, if they equally take into consideration all three subsystems.     

Bindungsdimensionen und Studieneinstellungen

Hazan &; Shaver (1990) relate the emotional attachment and the working attitude of adults to the effects of emotional attachment and exploration experiences in early childhood.The present study analyses this question and relates the emotional attachment dimensions of anxiety and avoidance (Grau, 1994) to education oriented attitudes, e.g. interest in studies contents, satisfaction and priority in and of studies vs. private life and career orientation. 126 teaching profession and psychology students answered a questionnaire including the following concepts: Attachment dimensions, attachment types, study related attitudes and life-orientation. Attachment dimensions and attachment types showed the expected convergent validity. Results confirm most — bot not all — of the predicted relations between relationship’s dimensions and study oriented attitudes.     

Organisiert sein. Was Gremien aber so langweilig macht

Committee meetings and conferences build an everyday communication network in associations and organisations. The author investigates the generelly perceived experiences of emotional emptiness, boredom and monotony in committee meetings and shows that the different factors on which this dynamics is based are both cultural and structural in nature. She establishes that the institutional and interaction aspects in committee meetings have to be understood and handled like the two sides of a medal to allow committee meetings and conferences to be animated and used successfully.