Farmers,the Practice of Farming and the Future of Agroforestry: An Application of Bourdieu's Concepts of Field and Habitus

Abstract Agroforestry, the practice of raising crops and trees together in ways that are mutually beneficial, provides farmers with an alternative to more conventional farming practices. In this paper, we apply Bourdieu's concepts of “field” and “habitus” in an attempt to better understand the practice of farming and the role that agroforestry may have in farming systems. Analysis is based on qualitative and quantitative interviews of farmers and other key informants in two regions, Fox‐Wyaconda Watershed in northeast Missouri and Scott County in southeast Missouri. Within the field of farming, farmers emphasized the importance of economic, family and rental relations. Important habitus considerations include different interpretations of what constitutes farming and what constitutes forestry. Based on Bourdieu's theoretical framework, we offer three alternative paths of social change that may lead to more widespread utilization of agroforestry.     

论日本狭隘的集团意识对侵略战争及战后反省的影响

日本传统社会的核心是由上下级隶属关系所产生的报恩观念和忠诚思想,这种思想在战争时期强烈地影响了日本民族的群体行为,使日本全民族投入到了对战争的狂热支持之中,并出于对民族集团的忠诚意识而拒绝或淡化战后对战争的反省。     

论股权质押的设立

股权质押的设立是股权质押制度的关键内容。在我国担保法的规定基础上,结合公司法关于股份转让的规定,分析了可质押的股权范围,探讨了股权质押的设立条件,特别就股权质押的设定和股权质押合同之间的关系进行了学理分析,并提出了较新观点。     

The caring child: an evaluative case study of the Cornwall Young Carers project

This paper reports on an evaluation of the Cornwall Young Carers project (jointly funded by social services and the Cornwall and Isles of Scilly Health Action Zone), conducted during the period 2000–2002. A diverse range of methodological approaches were adopted (comparative national statistics, local pilot study, monthly and quarterly data capturing instruments, and a service user focus group) in monitoring and evaluating the project's high level statements/outcomes. Four evaluative themes are discussed, namely: identification of young carers; assessment of young carers' needs; direct service provision; and partnership working. Recommendations and action steps are proposed with a view of informing future planning and service delivery, as well as developing an ethos of integrating evaluation into everyday practice for the Cornwall Young Carers Project. Overall, the project has made significant progress in meeting and exceeding its original targets. The fact that the project has been able to identify 202 new young carers over this period is a key milestone in demonstrating the critical need for the project's services. It is suggested that existing referrals are only the ‘tip of the iceberg’ for work with young carers in Cornwall.     

心理契约在企业管理中的应用

在企业和员工之间,除了正式的、显性的聘任契约外,还存在着隐含的、非正式的、未公开说明的心理契约。面对许多行业引入市场机制后所带来的改制、竞争等严峻形势,存在于组织和组织成员之间的这种心理契约关系对激发和调动员工的积极性,增强组织凝聚力,实现组织成员的个人目标与组织目标的有机统一,保证企业快速、健康和高效的发展,必将起到积极的推动作用。     

误读在有意与无意之间

诗歌阅读中的“误读”,无论是读者的有意为之或无意中的“歪打正着”,指的都是读者在对诗意的理解上与作者本意不一致。之所以会发生“误读”,是因为读者从诗中读出了自己的生活经验和感情体验,而以自身的联想力丰富、补充了作者的诗意内涵。可以说,误读难以避免,也是合情合理的,但是它应该出现在率性而为的状态之下,而不是出于无知或有知的偏见。     

哈尔滨市发展绿色食品产业集群的基本条件与优势

产业集群对集群内企业在竞争力提升上有重要作用。哈尔滨市发展绿色食品产业集群,具有得天独厚的地理环境和资源优势,具有大企业集团集中、高校和科研院所较多的优势,及在国内外市场上的品牌和信誉优势。通过绿色食品产业集群的发展壮大,必将提高产品与企业的市场竞争力,推动绿色食品产业的持续发展。     

网络时代与高校思想政治教育的创新

随着网络时代的到来 ,网络日益影响着人们的思想意识 ,这给思想政治教育带来了难得的机遇和严峻的挑战。如何利用网络开展思想政治教育 ,成为教育工作者必须面对的新课题。     

浅析我国的三元经济结构

我国目前出现了传统的农业、工业和先进的信息产业并存的三元经济结构。由于我国的信息产业崛起于二元经济结构，因此其发展不可避免地受到二元经济结构的制约。另一方面，信息产业的发展也有一定的独立性，从而使得信息产业能够对改造传统产业和优化经济结构发挥作用。但是，信息产业在促进传统产业升级的同时，也可能在某些方面制约传统产业的发展，并拉大城乡差距、工业化与城市化的差距。     

现代性的反叛与理论社会学的前景

现代性又一次显示了自己的永新特征:它不断脱出既有的形貌,日益变得轻盈、灵巧、液化、流变,它的经验结果也更为不确定和难以预料。这造成了现代叙事和想像的“衰败”,也使社会学的批判和反思走向亢奋。然而,在西方社会学“新三圣”的现代性理论中,激进具象下隐匿的深沉困惑和焦虑表明,这无以挽回旧式现代性的总体颓落之势。与此同时,现代性在中国正面对着一种新生。“社会互构”理论指出了新型现代性的大趋势,即以人为本而不是以资本为本的实践选择,正在促使资本从目的性意义向手段性位置回归。这一理论还阐释了,通过多元社会主体的“互构谐变”,推进社会沟通、对话、协商以及论坛和听证的制度化,实现我们对于和谐社会的共同期待。正是这一来自实践的理路,使理论社会学拥有了一个赢得未来的起点。