An EOQ model with partial delayed payment and partial backordering

In many transactions concerning selling and buying, a specified delay of payment is offered or accepted by the seller. This can be regarded as a kind of discount and has potential consequences for the order size. These kinds of effects are not explicitly incorporated in the classical formulas for economic order quantities (EOQ). In this research we consider an EOQ problem under partial delayed payment. A fraction of the purchasing cost must be paid at the beginning of the period and the remaining amount can be paid later. Shortages are permitted and occur as a combination of backorders and lost sales. The aim of this paper is to determine the order and shortage quantities.     

A novel approach to subgraph selection with multiple weights on arcs

In this paper, an extension of the minimum cost flow problem is considered in which multiple incommensurate weights are associated with each arc. In the minimum cost flow problem, flow is sent over the arcs of a graph from source nodes to sink nodes. The goal is to select a subgraph with minimum associated costs for routing the flow. The problem is tractable when a single weight is given on each arc. However, in many real-world applications, several weights are needed to describe the features of arcs, including transit cost, arrival time, delay, profit, security, reliability, deterioration, and safety. In this case, finding an optimal solution becomes difficult. We propose a heuristic algorithm for this purpose. First, we compute the relative efficiency of the arcs by using data envelopment analysis techniques. We then determine a subgraph with efficient arcs using a linear programming model, where the objective function is based on the relative efficiency of the arcs. The flow obtained satisfies the arc capacity constraints and the integrality property. Our proposed algorithm has polynomial runtime and is evaluated in rigorous experiments.

     

Understanding the Role of Outsiders in Community-Based Development Interventions: A Framework with Findings from Iran

VOLUNTAS: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations - This article analyzes various roles of development practitioners (called outsiders) in five different cases of...     

On the mean residual life of records

Suppose that a technical system is subject to shocks, e.g. peaks of voltages from a sequence of identically independent voltages having a lower limit value v>0$v>0$. We propose a new definition for the mean residual life of the records of the sequence and study its various properties.     

Prioritization of corporate goals in Saudi Arabia: An exploratory investigation

This paper tries to fill partially the informational gap in the area of organizational goals. Data provided by four Saudi Arabian industries-namely: petrochemicals, packaging, electric & electronics, and food processing, indicate that goal-setting processes may be influenced by several factors. Profitability, growth, and social responsibility were ranked among the top four goals in all four industries. The nature of the industry and environmental factors have a strong influence on these processes. This study highlights the importance of culture for joint ventures and its impact on goal-setting in Saudi Arabia.     

Equity Ownership in Cross‐border Mergers and Acquisitions by British Firms: An Analysis of Real Options and Transaction Cost Factors

The authors investigate the factors influencing the share of equity ownership sought in cross‐border mergers and acquisitions (CBM&As). Drawing on real options theory and transaction cost economics (TCE), they address and hypothesize key factors linked to commitment under exogenous uncertainty and the separation of desired and non‐desired assets’ influence on share of equity sought by acquiring firms in CBM&As. Empirical analysis based on 1872 CBM&As undertaken by British firms in both developed and emerging economies shows that British MNEs are more likely to pursue a partial acquisition in a target foreign firm when those foreign firms are from culturally distant countries. Further, findings support the view that the high cost of separating desired assets from non‐desired assets motivates firms to make a partial acquisition rather than acquire the target completely. This is one of the first studies to use real options theory to address the cost of commitment under exogenous uncertainty, as well as TCE logic to address the separation of desired and non‐desired assets in the target firm while analysing equity ownership sought in CBM&As. Empirically, this paper contributes by examining CBM&As by British firms in both developed and emerging markets.     

The Emerging Perspective of Governance and Poverty Alleviation: A Case of Bangladesh

The majority of the rural people in the developing world are subject to severe poverty, inequality and unemployment. Over the years, a number of institutional approaches have been experimented to eradicate poverty from society. Despite the historical role accorded to the state, the states in many developing countries have not been quite effective in poverty alleviation. Following the global trends many developing country states have created space for the market forces and civil society organizations to contribute to poverty alleviation. This is what is popularly known as the new perspective of governance. This article intends to analyze the new perspective of governance and its role in poverty alleviation with empirical evidence from Bangladesh.