论中西哲学的会通

自从提出中国哲学中不存在西方ontology以后,有一种新的观点,试图为不同于西方ontology的所谓中国哲学本体论作辩护,并欲以此会通中西哲学,这实际上涉及到什么是哲学的根本问题。从逻辑上说,在中国哲学中寻找本体论,仍未脱出西方哲学观念的框架,而会通中西哲学的历史任务则必定要求传统哲学观念的更新。根据唯物史观可以初步探讨出新哲学观念的特征。     

Conceptualizing maternal and paternal autonomy support and control among adolescents in Hong Kong

This study examined how parental autonomy support and control are conceptualized by adolescents in Hong Kong (Grades 7–11) using the Perceived Parental Autonomy Support Scale. Competitive models were evaluated using confirmatory factor analyses. Although the 6-factor model demonstrated the best fit, further analyses indicated that a second-order structure was more appropriate. Provision of choice, acknowledgment of child's feelings, rationale for rules, and demands subsumed under autonomy support. Guilt-inducing criticisms and the use of threats subsumed under control. Performance pressure emerged as a first-order construct on its own. Measurement invariance was evident across adolescent gender and age. All subscales had adequate to strong reliability. Discriminate validity was evident. Findings offer insights into the conceptualization of autonomy support and control in Hong Kong.     

Young children's social withdrawal and teacher–child relationship quality: A cross-cultural comparison between the Netherlands and China

The present study investigated how young children's (5-to-8-year-olds) social inhibition and solitary behavior were associated with teacher–child relationship quality and whether these associations differed across the Netherlands and China. The Dutch sample included 35 teachers and 201 children (49% girls). The Chinese sample consisted of 19 teachers and 152 children (50% girls). Teachers rated children's social inhibition and solitary behavior, and their relationship (closeness, conflict) with each child. Multilevel linear modeling revealed that in both countries, social inhibition was associated negatively with closeness and solitary behavior was associated positively with conflict. These associations were equally strong in China and the Netherlands. One association differed across countries: Social inhibition was associated negatively with conflict in the Netherlands, whereas this association was not significant in China. As such, cultural values could affect how social inhibition links to teacher–child relationships. Caution is recommended when generalizing findings from one country to another country.     

Using Neural Networks to Model the Behavior and Decisions of Gamblers,in Particular,Cyber-Gamblers

This article describes the use of neural networks (a type of artificial intelligence) and an empirical data sample of, inter alia, the amounts of bets laid and the winnings/losses made in successive games by a number of cyber-gamblers to longitudinally model gamblers’ behavior and decisions as to such bet amounts and the temporal trajectory of winnings/losses. The data was collected by videoing Texas Holdem gamblers at a cyber-gambling website. Six “persistent” gamblers were identified, totaling 675 games. The neural networks on average were able to predict bet amounts and cumulative winnings/losses in successive games accurately to three decimal places of the dollar. A more important conclusion is that the influence of a gambler’s skills, strategies, and personality on his/her successive bet amounts and cumulative winnings/losses is almost totally reflected by the pattern(s) of his/her winnings/losses in the few initial games and his/her gambling account balance. This partially invalidates gamblers’ illusions and fallacies that they can outperform others or even bankers. For government policy-makers, gambling industry operators, economists, sociologists, psychiatrists, and psychologists, this article provides models for gamblers’ behavior and decisions. It also explores and exemplifies the usefulness of neural networks and artificial intelligence at large in the research on gambling.     

On three and four vicious walkers

We establish a reflection principle for three lattice walkers and use this principle to reduce the enumeration of configurations of three vicious walkers to the enumeration of configurations of two vicious walkers. More precisely, the reflection principle leads to a bijection between three walks (L₁, L₂, L₃) such that L₂ intersects both L₁ and L₃ and three walks (L₁, L₂, L₃) such that L₁ intersects L₃. Hence we find a combinatorial interpretation of the formula for the generating function for the number of configurations of three vicious walkers, originally derived by Bousquet-Mélou by using the kernel method, and independently by Gessel by using tableaux and symmetric functions. This answers a question posed by Gessel and Bousquet-Mélou. We also find a reflection principle for four vicious walks that leads to a combinatorial interpretation of a formula derived from Gessel's theorem.     

乡村医患信任中的政策裂痕与弥合——以北京市H区为例

卫生政策的公平、正义与可及是构建医患信任并实现“保基本、强基层、建机制”这一新医改目标的重要途径.本文以北京市H区为例,基于卫生政策视角,通过对乡村两级卫生政策施行情况与医患信任现状进行研究,了解到当前乡村两级医患不信任问题日渐凸显.而相关卫生政策的稀缺、不系统与不适宜是导致医患不信任问题的重要原因.因此,必须从树立“城乡并重”卫生发展观、加强政策循证研究和建立政策激励与监督机制等方面弥合乡村两级医患信任中的政策裂痕.     

熊十力易学思想研究:体用不二的乾坤翕辟

熊十力哲学"归本大易"。这既有时代赋予的意义,也是体用不二哲学的必然选择。其易学思想在其整个思想体系中其起着支撑、架构的作用:在"体用不二"易学本体论的统率下,展开"乾元性海"的易学心性论、"乾坤心物"的易学宇宙论、"翕辟成变"的易学方法论。可以看出,易学成为熊十力向现代哲学转向的通道。但这样的转向仍预设了某种"现代性"的前提,而这就淹没了其"体用不二哲学"的灵动性。因此,我们要寻求一种当代的视域。     

矩约束模型的最优矩条件选取方法

大量经济、金融以及企业管理等领域研究对象的行为特征可以通过矩约束模型来刻画。然而,该模型中参数的估计对矩条件的选取非常敏感。如何选取最优的矩条件,进而得到更准确的参数估计和更精确的统计推断,是实证研究面临的重要问题。本文从估计量均方误差（MSE）最小的角度,研究了一般矩约束模型两步有效广义矩（GMM）估计的最优矩条件选取方法。首先,利用迭代的方法,推导出两步有效GMM估计的高阶MSE,然后通过Nagar分解,求出了两步有效GMM估计量的近似MSE。接着,基于近似MSE表达式,给出了两步有效GMM估计矩条件选取准则的一般理论,即定义了最优的矩条件,提出了两步有效GMM估计的最优矩条件选取准则,并证明了选取准则的渐近有效性。模拟结果表明,本文提出的矩条件选取方法能够很好地改善两步有效GMM估计量的有限样本表现,降低估计量的有效样本偏差。本研究为实证研究中面临的矩条件选择问题提供了理论依据。