Redoing Gender: How Women in the Funeral Industry Use Essentialism for Equality

Although some research considers women's participation in traditionally male‐dominated jobs as an ‘undoing’ of the gender system, other scholars argue that women's participation in non‐traditional roles can actually maintain hegemonic masculinity. Because women have recently entered the funeral industry in unprecedented numbers, the profession offers a unique context to study how women negotiate a sense of belonging in male‐dominated fields. I draw on 22 interviews with women in the funeral industry to reveal how gender is done and undone in an occupational context. In what Hughey ( 2010 . Social Problems, 57, 653–679) refers to as a ‘paradox of participation’, I argue that women in the funeral industry redefine the image of the ideal funeral director by using gender essentialist logic, which originally acted as a barrier to their entry to the field, to justify their participation. By showing how gender essentialism and egalitarianism can constitute reinforcing logics instead of an opposing binary, this research contributes to the literature concerning women in non‐traditional roles.     

‘Are we to become a gender university?’ Facets of resistance to a gender equality project

Gender equality (GE) is something ‘we cannot not want’. Indeed, the pursuit of equal rights, responsibilities and opportunities for all women and men throughout a society freed from gendered oppression is widely visible in recent organizational GE initiatives. In practice, however, GE initiatives often fail in challenging gendered norms and at effecting deep‐seated change. In fact, GE measures tend to encounter resistance, with a gap between saying and doing. Using a GE project at a Swedish university, we examined the changing nature of reactions to GE objectives seeking to understand why gender inequality persists in academia. We used ‘resistance’ to identify multiple, complex reactions to the project, focusing on the discursive practices of GE. Focusing our contextual analysis on change and changes in reactions enabled a process‐oriented analysis that revealed gaps where change is possible. Thus, we argue that studying change makes it possible to identify points in time where gendered discriminatory norms are more likely to occur. However, analysing discursive practices does not itself lead to change nor to action. Rather, demands for change must start with answering, in a collaborative way, what problem we are trying to solve when we start a new GE project, in order to be relevant to the specific context. Otherwise, GE risks being the captive of consensus politics and gender inequality will persist.     

公共政策的公平之度:权利平等与特殊保护

与平等不同,公平不是一把单一的尺度,而是对各种平等尺度的权衡。公平所要平衡的最为核心的关系,是权利平等与特殊保护之间的关系。这两种对立要求在经济、社会、政治和文化领域中以各种不同方式表现出来。中国公共政策的公平理念,经历了一个否定之否定的嬗变过程。把握二者关系的公平之度,要遵循边际贡献原则、针对性原则、适度性原则和合作性原则。     

Estimation in capture–recapture models when covariates are subject to measurement errors and missing data

For capture–recapture models when covariates are subject to measurement errors and missing data, a set of estimating equations is constructed to estimate population size and relevant parameters. These estimating equations can be solved by an algorithm similar to the EM algorithm. The proposed method is also applicable to the situation when covariates with no measurement errors have missing data. Simulation studies are used to assess the performance of the proposed estimator. The estimator is also applied to a capture–recapture experiment on the bird species Prinia flaviventris in Hong Kong. The Canadian Journal of Statistics 37: 645–658; 2009 © 2009 Statistical Society of Canada     

关于高校思想政治理论课实践教学的思考和建议

加强思想政治理论课实践教学对于当前的思想政治理论课的改革和实现思想政治理论课教育目标来说意义重大,加强思想政治理论课实践教学,对思想政治理论课教育中理论联系实际原则的运用和"两课"教师的综合素质提出了更高的要求.     

中国行政管理学研究状况的文献计量学分析

采用文献计量学方法从研究主题、研究方式、研究阶段三个角度对2001-2005年刊登在中国行政管理学4个重要刊物上的研究论文的内部结构所进行的分析发现,在行政管理学的研究主题上,行政职能、决策、改革、哲学、法治、人事、基层政权为主流研究领域;行政职能、行政决策、行政改革、国外行政研究和行政哲学等为一级主题的研究热点;公共服务、绩效评估、政府信用、服务型政府和非政府组织等为二级主题的研究热点.在研究方式上,中国行政管理学研究存在着经验研究与非经验研究、定性分析与定量分析的比例失调问题,但经验研究与定量分析方法正在得到越来越多的应用.在研究阶段上,所调查的研究论文多处于问题描述、问题诊断和对策分析阶段.     

论原始儒学对中国文化传统的奠基

以孔孟为代表的原始儒学,对中国文化传统的定型产生过至关重要的作用,本文以学习、文人从政、道德关注为例,讨论原始儒学对中国文化传统的奠基作用。     

Social Background Differences in Early Family Behavior

Social background has historically been recognized as a major factor influencing family behavior, though recent work has largely emphasized racial/ethnic influences. Here we use 1994 – 1995 and 2001 – 2002 Add Health data to examine the cohabitation, first marriage, and first birth experience of young women. In a multistate life table context, hypothetical cohorts specified in terms of race and mother’s education are followed, from age 11 to age 24, as they move through 6 family‐related statuses. The results indicate that, for both Black and White women, a higher level of maternal education is generally associated with less cohabitation, less marriage, fewer first births, and a higher percentage of women who experience none of those transitions before age 24. Racial and social background differences are conceptually and empirically distinct. Because mother’s education is associated with substantially different trajectories of early family behavior for both Blacks and Whites, we argue that social background merits increased attention in research on contemporary American family patterns.     

Fathering With Multiple Partners: Links to Children's Well‐Being in Early Childhood

The claim that multiple partner fertility may pose a risk of adverse outcomes for children has not been tested. We test this argument using a sample of 4,027 resident fathers and children from the Fragile Families and Child Well‐being Survey by examining the pathways through which fathers' multipartnered fertility is associated with children's externalizing behaviors and physical health status at 36 months. Path analyses indicate that multiple partner fertility exerted both a significant direct and indirect effect through paternal depression to influence children's externalizing behaviors. Fathers' multiple partner fertility also exerted a significant indirect effect through one mediator—father involvement—to influence children's physical health. This evidence suggests that the disruptions brought about by multipartnered fertility are important for understanding child well‐being.