Changing parameters of citizenship and claims-making: Organized Islam in European public spheres

Theory and Society -     

中国朝鲜族人口现代化的成就与经验

朝鲜族在人口现代化方面取得的成就 ,不仅为中国 56个民族之冠 ,在有的重要指标上还达到了世界发达国家水平。这表明 ,朝鲜族已走上了“人口—教育—经济—社会”良性发展的轨道。朝鲜族的主要经验是 :“教育兴族 ,教育优先” ,“超前发展计划生育” ,特别强调保持和发扬本民族的优良传统与倡导现代生育观念     

我国利率市场化的难点及改革思路

利率市场化是我国金融发展的客观要求, 本文分析了我国利率体制的弊端、实现利率市场化的条件, 指出了利率市场化改革中存在的一些难点, 提出了我国进行利率市场化的若干对策性思路。     

美国如何抗衡限制性援助

抗衡限制性援助是美国政府贸易融资政策的重要组成部分。为了减少限制性援助的使用 ,美国政府采取了两项主要战略。一是推动并参与经合组织成员国关于限制性援助的一系列谈判 ,直接参与游戏规则的制定。二是设立限制性援助基金 ,直接抗衡限制性援助。     

“华夷之辨”的错误及其危害

在中国古代历史上,长期盛行着"华夷之辨"的思想观念."华夷之辨"要求严格区分华夏族和少数族,夸大了二者的差别和对立.尽管"华夷之辨"的提出在当时具有一定的历史合理性,但这一命题本身是错误的,其危害也是严重的."华夷之辨"观念的错误在于否认民族的平等性、民族的融合性和民族间经济文化的交融性.它助长了大汉族主义,肇始了闭关自守政策,直接导致了近代中国的落后挨打.     

让未来属于蔚蓝——推进辽宁“五点一线”沿海经济带纳入国家战略

国家经济发展战略体现了国家宏观经济发展格局和重点。地区发展战略纳入国家战略是一个系统工程,既要符合地区经济发展的目标和方向,又要与国家总体战略相吻合     

直觉主义的反叛与个人圣徒道路的复归——评严复经验主义认识论

严复认为逻辑更胜于纯粹的学术关注,它作为方法论基础能够保证伦理道德以及社会政治等治世处方的确定性。先天具有严密方法论缺陷的中国传统治国文献的实践失败,极大降低了铭刻在经典文本中的伦理与实践格言的价值。中国需要一种崭新的推理形式,它必须与现代科学的步调相一致。这种新形式有三个中心要素:经验主义认识论替代直觉知识以及文本权威中的传统中国信念、明晰的定义方法、对于归纳的明确认知。严复很少对中性真理感兴趣,认为在科学探究过程中,逻辑的终极目的是求诚。本质上,严复展示的这一探究是个人圣徒道路的不断寻求过程。这种过程联合了外在世界广博知识的追寻以及个人道德完美的不断努力。     

The Effectiveness of Environmental Civil Society Organizations: An Integrated Analysis of Organizational Characteristics and Contextual Factors

A push to reverse unsustainable trends has come from environmental civil society, but its track record is somewhat inconsistent. Why are some environmental organizations able to enhance the environmental cause, while others fail to create a substantial impact in the move toward environmental sustainability? This paper considers related but disparate clusters of literature and identifies factors that have an impact on the effectiveness of civil society. It also addresses the ambiguity that is attached to civil society—a concept with considerable historical baggage and contextual differentiation. Given that each conceptualization of civil society has its own body of literature and that these do not necessarily speak to each other, we propose an analytical framework that integrates a variety of dimensions relevant to the analysis of environmental civil society organizations (CSOs): the degree of institutionalization, the mode of interaction with the state, sources of funding, the locus of mobilization, the choice of issue(s), and the degree of politicization. Using these organizational characteristics, our framework further integrates contextual factors, constructing a multidimensional space where there are opportunities and constraints for environmental CSOs. This framework allows us to examine diverse paths shaped by context-dependent strategic choices of environmental CSOs which may either limit or enhance their capacity to make an impact. These strategic choices are tracked by selecting entry points inspired by fieldwork conducted in Turkey—specifically, institutionalization, the choice of issue(s), and politicization.     

The Elite Illusion: Achievement Effects at Boston and New York Exam Schools

Parents gauge school quality in part by the level of student achievement and a school's racial and socioeconomic mix. The importance of school characteristics in the housing market can be seen in the jump in house prices at school district boundaries where peer characteristics change. The question of whether schools with more attractive peers are really better in a value‐added sense remains open, however. This paper uses a fuzzy regression‐discontinuity design to evaluate the causal effects of peer characteristics. Our design exploits admissions cutoffs at Boston and New York City's heavily over‐subscribed exam schools. Successful applicants near admissions cutoffs for the least selective of these schools move from schools with scores near the bottom of the state SAT score distribution to schools with scores near the median. Successful applicants near admissions cutoffs for the most selective of these schools move from above‐average schools to schools with students whose scores fall in the extreme upper tail. Exam school students can also expect to study with fewer nonwhite classmates than unsuccessful applicants. Our estimates suggest that the marked changes in peer characteristics at exam school admissions cutoffs have little causal effect on test scores or college quality.