When Do First-Year College Students Drink Most During the Academic Year? An Internet-Based Study of Daily and Weekly Drinking

Abstract

Objective: The authors investigated the alcohol consumption trajectories among first-year university students. Participants: A sample of 415 students attending a large university in Southwestern Ontario, Canada, was recruited. Methods: Students completed a baseline questionnaire and 26 weekly brief Internet surveys assessing alcohol consumption from September 2006 to April 2007. Results: Findings indicated that alcohol consumption varies considerably as a function of time of the academic year. Overall trends indicate that students drink more heavily at the beginning of each semester and less during exam periods. Daily patterns indicate that most drinking occurs on weekends. The highest drinking days in the first academic year included Halloween, New Year's Eve, and St. Patrick's Day. Conclusions: The present study provides evidence that periods of high and low alcohol consumption are contingent upon specific events and the time of the year.     

Development and Initial Validation of the Symptoms and Assets Screening Scale

Abstract

Objective: To develop and test a screening measure of mental health symptoms and well-being in college students, the Symptoms and Assets Screening Scale (SASS). Participants: Participants were 758 college students at 2 universities in the Northwest sampled between October 2009 and April 2011. Methods: Participants completed the SASS, as well as measures of depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, substance problems, and eating problems in 1 session. A subset of participants (n = 259) completed the SASS 1 to 2 weeks later to allow an examination of test–retest stability. Results: The SASS demonstrated good reliability and validity and appears to assess similar constructs as well-established measures in college students. Fifty-nine percent of the sample reported having problems with their thoughts, behaviors, or emotions, whereas only 9.7% reported currently receiving treatment. Conclusions: The SASS is a brief instrument that has the potential to effectively screen for the most prevalent mental health problems in college students.     

Elder Abuse Detection and Intervention: A Collaborative Approach by B. Brandl,C. B. Dyer,C. J. Heisler,M. J. Otto,L. A. Stiegel,and R. W. Thomas

Mediation has recently been developed in America to help seniors deal with their disputes. Some Long Term Care Ombudsmen and their volunteers have also been trained in mediation for use in institutional conflicts. This paper suggests that elder mediation, through its voluntary, non-coercive process, has the potential for enhancing elder rights, providing an acceptable form of minimal social intervention, and contributing to the prevention of elder abuse at early stages of relational conflicts between elders and their carers.     

论建国前后毛泽东对中国廉政文化 传统的改造

建国前后,毛泽东把马克思主义廉政理论与中国历史、中国文化实际相结合,在反腐败斗争实践中,着手改造中国廉政文化传统,通过改造中国古代的廉政教育传统、清官崇尚传统、垂直监察传统、重典治贪传统,构建了新型的廉政体系和与之相适应的廉政文化,开创了建国初期风清气正的政治局面,赢得了人民的信赖,巩固了党的执政基础与地位,为新中国切实推进反腐倡廉工作奠定了良好基础,为当下的廉政建设提供了宝贵的借鉴。     

多元目标体系导向的西北民族地区旅游产业发展模式

我国是一个多民族国家,民族旅游是我国旅游业发展中的一个非常重要的区域旅游现象和重要的旅游业态,是民族地区实现产业结构优化、经济增长和发展的重要的产业支撑.检讨了学术界对我国西北民族地区旅游业发展的研究,对单一经济价值导向民族地区旅游产业发展研究和产业运行模式进行了反思,以我国西北民族地区为例提出了构建以多元价值为基础的西北民族地区旅游产业发展模式的基本思路和框架,研究了多元目标价值导向的西北民族地区旅游产业发展的理论意义与产业价值.     

商业信用原则在我国商法中的缺失及补正

商业信用原则是商法的核心原则之一。目前我国商法中把商业信用原则与普通法中的诚实信用原则混为一谈,这不仅是错位,而且还"串味"。在现代市场经济条件下的信用制度主要是商业信用和银行信用。它们都是制度性的安排,不单是道德伦理性的软约束。     

共同富裕:基于唯物史观的考察

实现共同富裕是全面建设小康社会的重要目标和社会主义本质的内在要求。人类社会历史与逻辑的演进历程表明:一定意义上,按劳动能力分配是人类社会内在分配原则;当前业已突显的贫富差距是社会发展阶段性的必然产物;共同富裕的实现是以劳动能力同等为基点的,而劳动能力同等和共同富裕二者的实现统一于社会主义市场经济发展过程中。     

材料科学与工程专业应用型人才培养的思考

论述了应用型材料科学与工程专业建设的指导思想,分析说明了应用型材料专业人才培养规格的基本要求和培养体系的构建模式。指出应用型材料专业建设首先应该是应用型工程教育,并要注重通识教育、创业创新教育、材料工程伦理教育和产学研合作教育等。     

二元经济社会结构与中国农村发展

中华人民和国成立以后,国家选择了重工业超前发展战略。为保证这一战略实施,国家采取了农产品统购统销、城乡分割的户籍制度和人民公社制度等政策和体制手段,人为地促成了城乡经济社会二元化的格局。二元经济社会结构阻碍了农业的发展,影响了农业劳动生产率的提高,使农民收入长期在低水平徘徊,妨碍了农民整体素质的提高。二元经济社会结构下农民承担了巨额的工农业产品价格剪刀差负担、不公正的税费负担和公共物品负担。这一切都导致了中国农村发展的滞后。中共十六届五中全会提出了建设社会主义新农村的重大历史任务,十七大进一步强调推进社会主义新农村建设。在社会主义新农村建设过程中,消除二元结构,统筹城乡发展,是科学发展共建和谐之必然。     

近几年我国宏观经济调控实践的回顾与总结

十六大以来,党中央、国务院非常重视宏观调控的作用。从2003年开始,党中央、国务院见微知著,针对经济生活中一些苗头性、倾向性问题,陆续采取了一系列调控措施。在探索与创新过程中,党和政府积累了丰富的宏观调控的经验,宏观调控能力日益增强。在科学发展观的引领下,我们一定能够战胜各种风险和挑战,使我国宏观经济在良性发展轨道上运行。