Field Instructors' Commitment to Student Supervision: Testing the Investment Model

The aim of the study was to examine field instructors' commitment to student supervision, using an adapted form of the Investment Model, which consists of six components related to supervision: rewards (positive aspects of the job), costs (negative aspects of the job), degree of investment in the job, quality of alternative jobs, satisfaction of the job, and commitment to the job. A non‐purposive sample of 178 field instructors of bachelor‐level social work students completed mailed questionnaires. The findings show that the greater the rewards, the greater the field instructors' commitment, investment, and satisfaction. On the other hand, higher job cost was inversely related to commitment, satisfaction, and investment. Job satisfaction mediated between rewards, cost, investment and job commitment. The article helps to illuminate some of the factors associated with field instructors' commitment to undergraduate student supervision and suggests ways of increasing it.     

Conceptualizing Journalistic Careers: Between Interpretive Community and Tribes of Professionalism

Professionalism is a concept that centers on specialization of labor and control of occupational practice. It has traditionally been used to describe and define individuals who are affiliated with an occupational community that has managed to secure a certain measure of autonomy and jurisdiction over an area of expertise and has a claim to a public service ethos. In this review essay, we consider the changing professional status of journalism. Whether or not journalism is “truly” a profession, it is clear that a discourse of journalistic professionalism plays a crucial role in legitimizing the journalistic occupation. Consequently, this essay explores different approaches towards the professionalization of journalism and positions this discussion within two interrelated contexts: first, it investigates the ramifications of the current crisis in western news media on journalistic professionalism. Next, the essay probes the professional standing of journalism in view of the development of new digital technologies that are re‐shaping essential aspects of journalistic work. We conclude that journalism has lost some of its cohesion and fragmented into tribes of professionalism practiced by a diverse set of actors.     

The strength of weak conversational ties in the flow of information and influence

The “Strength of Weak Ties” theory is used to analyze the flow of information and influence in the network of conversational ties in a kibbutz community.The flow of six information items and two decision-making items was measured by indicators of communicative efficiency — speed, accuracy and credibility. The strength of ties activated and the direction of the flow (within groups or between groups) was analyzed.The findings reveal the actual, everyday functioning of weak ties as inter-group bridges, confirming the “Strength of Weak Ties” claim.The communicative advantages of weak ties are examined, applying structural analysis methods. The tendency of weak ties towards intransitivity and low multiplexity, is suggested to account for their frequent activation as inter-group bridges.The findings highlight the potential of social network analysis as a bridge between micro-level interaction and macro-level patterns including diffusion of innovation, formation of public opinion and social solidarity. Weak ties serve as the crucial paths between groups, thus providing the means by which individual behavior and ideas, originating in small face-to-face groups, are routinized and agglomerated into large-scale patterns.     

Stress and Marital Satisfaction of Parents to Children Diagnosed With Autism

This investigation expanded on previous research conducted among parents caring for a child who is diagnosed with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD). An online web survey was used to collect data from 253 parents caring for a child with a diagnosis of ASD. Both parents reported elevated levels of parental stress associated with caring for the child on the spectrum. Lower levels of marital satisfaction were found in both parents. About 13% of the parents met the diagnostic criteria for major depressive disorder, and about 15% of the parents met the diagnostic criteria for generalized anxiety disorder. Although the majority of the sample was female (94%), significant differences were found between males and females in relation to meeting the diagnostic criteria for major depressive disorder and for generalized anxiety disorder. Higher levels of stress were associated with higher number of generalized anxiety disorder and major depressive disorder symptoms. Findings from this study indicate how vulnerable parents, especially mothers, are in relation to caring to a child diagnosed with ASD.     

The Transsexual’s Turn: Uncanniness at Wellesley College

A controversy over the admission of transmen into an all-women’s college featured in a recent article in The New York Times, “When Women Become Men at Wellesley” (Padawer, 2014), captures the ways in which transsexuality orients discussions of identity, sociality, at-homeness, and modes of gender self-fashioning. The presence of transmen in an all-women’s college also incites debates over the history of the school’s identity and the challenges of colleges in transition.

Rather than entering the debate of whether transmen should or should not be allowed into the college, my articlearticle addresses the terms of this debate through its arguments over the conceptualization of gender. Whereas transmen at Wellesley College bring to the fore social implications, my discussion approaches conflictive orientations to gender through a psychoanalytic lens with special attention to the fantasy structure of gender. Working with Freud’s (1919) idea of the uncanny, the essay explores the question, How may the presence of transmen in an all-women’s college be thought of as opening an emotional experience and as signifying for the college a transitional time between adolescence and adulthood? Is there something about a segregated community that is desirable for transitioning? In the case of an all-women’s school that carries a historical legacy involving a number of transformations regarding how we approach questions of race, gender, desegregation, and the recognition of the struggle of lesbians, the article argues that the transmen’s request to belong at the college is the college’s historical legacy. The article concludes with the old question that Freud asked about women: What does the transman want?     

The Stackelberg minimum spanning tree game on planar and bounded-treewidth graphs

The Stackelberg Minimum Spanning Tree Game is a two-level combinatorial pricing problem played on a graph representing a network. Its edges are colored either red or blue, and the red edges have a given fixed cost, representing the competitor’s prices. The first player chooses an assignment of prices to the blue edges, and the second player then buys the cheapest spanning tree, using any combination of red and blue edges. The goal of the first player is to maximize the total price of purchased blue edges. We study this problem in the cases of planar and bounded-treewidth graphs. We show that the problem is NP-hard on planar graphs but can be solved in polynomial time on graphs of bounded treewidth.     

The not-so-small world: Ethnicity and acquaintance networks in Israel

The present study applies the small world method to examine cross-ethnic acquaintance networks in Israeli society. The experimental design consisted of 144 starting persons who were presented with either an Oriental or Ashkenazi target person, thus yielding four types of ethnic combinations: (1) Ashkenazi to Ashkenazi; (2) Ashkenazi to Oriental; (3) Oriental to Oriental; and (4) Oriental to Ashkenazi. The various chains are analyzed by measures of activation efficiency, completion rates and length of chains, as well as probabilistic analysis for small world statistics. Finally, the analysis focuses on the intergroup bridges, the “gatekeepers” who perform the crossing of the ethnic boundary.The findings prove that acquaintance networks in Israeli society are impinged upon by ethnic distinction, thus rejecting the “integration-through-modernization” concept. While ethnic segregation in Israel was empirically documented in the political, cultural and economic aspects of social life, the present study's main contribution is in highlighting the interpersonal dimension of ethnicity.