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11.
While nature is widely acknowledged to contribute to people’s well-being, nature based well-being indicators at city-level appear to be underprovided. This study aims at filling this gap by introducing a novel indicator based on the proximity of city-residents to nature that is of high-amenity. High-amenity nature is operationalized by combining unique systematic data on people’s perceptions of what are the locations of attractive natural areas with data on natural land cover. The proposed indicator departs from the usual assumption of equal well-being from any nature, as it approximates the ‘actual’ subjective quality of nature near people’s homes in a spatially explicit way. Such indicator is used to rank 148 ‘cities’ in the Netherlands, Denmark, and Germany. International comparability of the indicator is enhanced by the use of a definition of cities as functional urban areas (FUAs), which are consistently identified across countries. Results demonstrate that the average ‘nearness’ of FUA populations to high amenity nature varies widely across the observed FUAs. A key finding, that complements insights from existing city-level indicators, is that while populations of FUAs with higher population densities may live relatively far from nature in general, they also live, on average, closer to high-amenity nature than inhabitants of lower density FUAs. Our results may stimulate policy-debates on how to combine urban agglomeration with access to natural amenities in order to account for people’s wellbeing. 相似文献
12.
Paolo Bertrando Teresa Arcelloni 《Australian and New Zealand Journal of Family Therapy》2014,35(2):123-135
Emotions are connected to meaning making in human interactions. This can be seen not just in terms of the immediate participants and their developmental history but also through broader cultural, social, and gender lenses. In times of relational tension, which require system flexibility, some emotional interaction can constrain alternative actions or meanings being constructed. Therapists can hypothesize about these emotional dances (including those that are taking place in the therapist/client system) and such hypotheses can inform interventions aimed at generating different emotional sequences. If participants in therapy experience alternative emotional responses as a result of therapeutic intervention, then change can occur (e.g., a greater sense of agency or hope, or a different perception of the situation). 相似文献
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Fabio Baione Paolo De Angelis Massimiliano Menzietti Agostino Tripodi 《Journal of applied statistics》2017,44(10):1875-1892
This paper aims to compare different reinsurance arrangements in order to reduce the longevity and financial risk originated by a life insurer while managing a portfolio of annuities policies. Linear and nonlinear reinsurance strategies as well as swap like agreements are evaluated via a discrete-time actuarial risk model. Specifically, longevity dynamics are represented by Lee–Carter type models, while interest rate is modeled by Cox–Ingersoll–Ross model. The reinsurance strategies effectiveness is evaluated according to the Return on Risk Adjusted Capital under a ruin probability constrain. 相似文献
17.
The European bond market is made up of many segments characterised by varying levels of liquidity and of pre- and post-trade
transparency. The possibility of extending the transparency provisions envisioned in the Directive 2004/39/EC, disciplining
the functioning of markets in financial instruments in Europe (MiFID), from the equity to the bond market is currently being
discussed. This poses risks to the status quo through trading fragmentation and strong negotiating power of a few large dealers,
particularly with respect to small retail investors. The main conclusion of the paper is that if MiFID transparency rules
are to be extended to the bond market, this must be “real” transparency, meaning pre-trade dissemination of real-time executable
prices and a transparent order book. Under current provisions, this kind of information is available if not directly to everybody,
at least directly to dealers and indirectly to professional and retail clients through business-to-business electronic platforms. 相似文献
18.
Socioeconomic disparity between North and South Italy has been recently explained by Lynn (2010) as the result of a lower intelligence quotient (IQ) of the Southern population. The present article discusses the procedure followed by Lynn, supplementing his data with new information on school assessments and per head regional income. Genetic North–South differences are then discussed on the basis of the most recent literature on the subject. The results do not confirm the suggested IQ-economy causal link. 相似文献
19.
In the causal analysis of survival data a time-based response is related to a set of explanatory variables. Definition of the relation between the time and the covariates may become a difficult task, particularly in the preliminary stage, when the information is limited. Through a nonparametric approach, we propose to estimate the survival function allowing to evaluate the relative importance of each potential explanatory variable, in a simple and explanatory fashion. To achieve this aim, each of the explanatory variables is used to partition the observed survival times. The observations are assumed to be partially exchangeable according to such partition. We then consider, conditionally on each partition, a hierarchical nonparametric Bayesian model on the hazard functions. We define and compare different prior distribution for the hazard functions. 相似文献
20.
Paolo Gerbaudo 《Information, Communication & Society》2015,18(8):916-929
Protest avatars, digital images that act as collective symbols for protest movements, have been widely used by supporters of the 2011 protest wave, from Egypt to Spain and the United States. From photos of Egyptian martyr Khaled Said, to protest posters and multiple variations of Anonymous' mask, a great variety of images have been adopted as profile pictures by Internet users to express their support for various causes and protest movements and communicate it to all their Internet peers. In this article, I explore protest avatars as forms of identification of protest movements in a digital era. I argue that protest avatars can be described as ‘memetic signifiers’ because (a) they are marked by a vagueness and inclusivity that distinguishes them from traditional protest symbols and (b) lend themselves to be used as memes for viral diffusion on social networks. In adopting these icons, participants experience a collective fusion in an online crowd, whose gathering is manifested in the very ‘masking’ of participants behind protest avatars. These forms of collective identification, while powerful in the short term, can however prove quite volatile, with Internet users often discarding avatars with relative ease, raising the question whether they can provide durable foundational elements of contemporary social movements. 相似文献