Bridging Scholarship in Management: Epistemological Reflections

If the relevance gap in management research is to be narrowed, management scholars must identify and adopt processes of inquiry that simultaneously achieve high rigour and high relevance. Research approaches that strive for relevance emphasize the particular at the expense of the general and approaches that strive for rigour emphasize the general over the particular. Inquiry that attains both rigour and relevance can be found in approaches to knowledge that involve a reasoned relationship between the particular and the general. Prominent among these are the works of Ikujiro Nonaka and John Dewey. Their epistemological foundations indicate the potential for a philosophy of science and a process of inquiry that crosses epistemological lines by synthesizing the particular and the general and by utilizing experience and theory, the implicit and the explicit, and induction and deduction. These epistemologies point to characteristics of a bridging scholarship that is problem-initiated and rests on expanded standards of validity. The present epistemological reflections are in search of new communities of knowing toward the production of relevant and rigorous management knowledge.     

Perception of Ecological Risk to Water Environments

This paper examines lay and expert perceptions of the ecological risks associated with a range of human activities that could adversely affect water resource environments. It employs the psychometric paradigm pioneered in characterizing perceptions of human health risks, which involves surveys to obtain judgments from subjects about risk items in terms of several important characteristics of the risks. The paper builds on a previous study that introduced ecological risk perception. This second study employs a larger, more diverse sample, a more focused topic area, and comparisons between lay and expert judgments. The results confirm that a small set of underlying factors explain a great deal of variability in lay judgments about ecological risks. These have been termed Ecological Impact, Human Benefits, Controllability , and Knowledge. The results are useful in explaining subjects' judgments of the general riskiness of, and need for regulation of, various risk items. The results also indicate several differences and areas of agreement among the lay and expert samples that point to potential key issues in future ecological risk management efforts for water resources.     

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什么东西会对你帮助最大？新的营销材料？更多的下属？改变战略？选择最立竿见影项目。     

私有化对电信服务商技术能力提高的影响

提出一个技术能力的评估框架,即4种与主要增值活动相关的技术能力(创新能力、设计与工程技术能力、市场营销与销售能力、服务能力)和4种与辅助增值活动相关的技术能力(获取资源能力、人力资源开发能力、战略计划能力、信息技术能力),并将其应用于斯里兰卡电信公司私有化前后的考察,得出私有化带来了技术能力显著提高的结论.     

癌症基因组研究信息披露的伦理探讨

癌症基因组计划是当前研究热点,存在诸多伦理、法律及社会问题,如何有效地保障基因组研究参与者的知情同意是值得关注的内容。信息披露(disclosure)作为知情同意的第一要素具备深厚的伦理基础,然而与传统医学研究相比,癌症基因组研究由于其目的与内容的特殊性,研究中信息披露的内容和标准尚存在诸多伦理问题,需要深入探讨。     

江苏省基层医务人员工作压力研究

对905名基层医务人员进行问卷调查,了解基层医务人员工作压力情况及其影响因素,为建立适合基层卫生机构的良性人才发展机制提供依据。基层医务人员整体工作压力得分为56.54分;单因素方差分析显示,不同性别、年龄、婚姻状况、学历、职称、机构类型、工作量、工作年数、受患者尊重程度和社会地位的医务人员工作压力得分差异具有统计学意义;多元线性回归分析结果显示,社会地位、工作量、工作年数、受患者尊重程度、最高学历和性别对基层医务人员工作压力的影响具有统计学意义。需要着重关注乡镇卫生院医生的工作压力情况,重点应放在提升基层医务人员社会地位、及时关注中坚力量等方面,从而减轻其工作压力,提高工作积极性。     

南充市城区已婚育龄妇女二孩生育意愿研究

2018年4—5月在四川省南充市城区采用便利抽样,以已婚且未育或已育一个小孩的育龄妇女为研究对象,采用自制匿名问卷,以面对面的形式收集资料,了解实施全面二孩政策后南充市育龄妇女的生育意愿,为南充市的人口研究提供参考依据。在213名调查对象中,56人(26.3%)有二孩生育意愿,140人(65.7%)无二孩生育意愿,17人(8.0%)不确定是否生育二孩。南充市被调查者的理想子女个数均值为1.46,意愿子女个数均值为1.27。不同文化程度(χ2=7.512)、配偶月收入(χ2=12.641)、理想子女数(χ2=66.401)、一孩性别(χ2=5.441)的育龄妇女间二孩生育意愿差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示,第一个孩子性别为女孩(OR=2.641,P=0.021)、丈夫月收入越高(OR=1.761,P=0.028)、理想子女数多于1个(OR=29.040,P<0.001)的育龄妇女更有意愿生育二孩。南充市城区二孩生育意愿处于较低水平,经济收入、理想子女数、一孩性别会影响育龄妇女的二孩生育意愿。全面二孩政策对于促进育龄妇女生育二孩的效应有限,应当建立相关的配套政策,以促进全面二孩政策的实施。     

网络销售滋补保健类中药材监管问题探讨

滋补保健类中药材深受我国消费者的喜爱,具有广阔的市场前景。为消费者提供安全的中药材是药品监管中不可回避的议题。但是中药材的双重属性和界定的模糊性使得药品监督管理部门难以对中药材准确定性,影响中药材监管效能。文章立足于网络药品监管状况,从中药材本质属性方面剖析如何对网络销售滋补保健类中药材实施有效监管,以期为深化药品监管提供建议。     

《论语》与《旧约》的中西农牧社会德性观比较

《论语》和《旧约》均立足于中西古代以畜牧农耕为主的传统社会,其包含的契约精神与仁爱主张既是农业文明的产物,也是古代人民对和谐社会的向往与追求,对于中西当代社会的文明发展有着无可比拟的影响力,体现了中西伦理价值观形成的悠久历史与传统。在《旧约》叙事中,上帝给选民的应许之地意味着以畜牧业为主的古代以色列人终于可以结束颠沛流离的生活,也意味着原始农业的开始。于是,在这样一个生产力低下,生产关系简单的原始农业社会,上帝的言语行为无异于社会规范,并代表着自然法则,其与以色列人之间所立的契约也被等同于律书,并影响了古代近东各民族价值观的形成与发展。但《旧约》在强调社会规范及其约束力的同时,却忽视了个人的内心修养和人性的塑造。与《旧约》同一时代的《论语》却恰恰相反地强调了个体修炼的重要性。孔子认为“君子谋道不谋食”,故而站在修身养性的角度提倡“克己复礼以为仁”,强调了本心修炼对礼和道的重要性。由此可见,《论语》和《旧约》蕴含的不同德性观与传统社会的农业发展和需求有着密切的关系,两者的比较不但从根本上解释了中西传统道德价值观差异的历史文化根源,更是引发了当代社会对德性问题的追溯与思考。