Variable selection for survival data with a class of adaptive elastic net techniques

The accelerated failure time (AFT) models have proved useful in many contexts, though heavy censoring (as for example in cancer survival) and high dimensionality (as for example in microarray data) cause difficulties for model fitting and model selection. We propose new approaches to variable selection for censored data, based on AFT models optimized using regularized weighted least squares. The regularized technique uses a mixture of \(\ell _1\) and \(\ell _2\) norm penalties under two proposed elastic net type approaches. One is the adaptive elastic net and the other is weighted elastic net. The approaches extend the original approaches proposed by Ghosh (Adaptive elastic net: an improvement of elastic net to achieve oracle properties, Technical Reports 2007) and Hong and Zhang (Math Model Nat Phenom 5(3):115–133 2010), respectively. We also extend the two proposed approaches by adding censoring observations as constraints into their model optimization frameworks. The approaches are evaluated on microarray and by simulation. We compare the performance of these approaches with six other variable selection techniques-three are generally used for censored data and the other three are correlation-based greedy methods used for high-dimensional data.     

温州商会的例外与不例外——中国公民社会的发展与挑战

温州商会研究已经成为中国公民社会范例研究的重要组成部分.近年来,温州商会不仅在数量上快速增长,而且在社会经济领域发挥着日益重要的作用.在当代中国的制度环境中,温州商会得以率先发展,较快发展,并取得较好的绩效,确实存在一些堪称"例外"的特殊经验.但是,温州商会发展的基本经验正确认了民间商会形成和发展的前提和条件,其存在的问题和挑战正体现出商会发展制度环境的限度及商会发展的过程性、阶段性.在当前,制度环境的改善将推动中国公民社会的发展.国家必须进一步转变对待公民社会的态度,创新社会管理体制,推动并激发社会发展.鉴于当代中国的地方政府在行为选择上有着较大的自主性空间,推进地方政府创新是改善中国公民社会制度环境的又一重要途径.     

基于LW估计的中国证券市场长记忆性实证研究

针对国内研究证券市场长记忆性主要采用的是时域方法,文章采用基于频域的半参数Local Whittle估计方法研究了中国证券市场的长记忆特性,并且和对数周期图回归(GPH)方法进行了比较。结果表明,LW方法具有不受时间频率的影响,能够有效消除时间序列中短期记忆和周期性对估计结果的影响等优点,明显优于GPH方法。实证结果表明,中国证券市场存在明显的长记忆性,并且长记忆行为在重大突发事件发生期间更加明显。文章还从长记忆的角度探讨了“政策市”的存在性和相关特点。     

论江泽民“三农”思想的理论贡献

面对农业、农村、农民问题出现的新情况,江泽民同志从我国国情出发创造性地将三者综合考虑,系统、深入地论述了巩固农业基础、推进农村发展、保护农民利益的思想,为"三农"问题的解决做出了重要的理论贡献。江泽民同志的"三农"思想对全面建设小康社会特别是新农村建设有着重大的现实意义。     

Eminent Social Scientists’ Views on Immigration Issues: 1985 and 2006

Following up on a research note by Stephen Moore published in 1985, this article compares the results of the survey conducted in 1985 against one carried out in 2006 on the views of eminent social scientists (economists, political scientists, psychologists, sociologists, historians and anthropologists) on immigration issues. Specifically, the surveys report on whether the respondents are likely to favor an increase in the number of immigrants who are allowed into the United States and other issues such as whether immigrants improve the economy.

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“Grace Is Deceitful and Beauty Is Vain”: How Hassidic Women Cope with the Requirement of Shaving One’s Head and Wearing a Black Kerchief

Women’s modesty norms are often perceived as governing women’s bodies and as patriarchal oppression. This study challenges these perspectives, offering a deeper, multi-dimensional picture showing that the reality of the women’s life is much more complicated. The article chose to discuss aspects of modesty among women of one of the most extreme Jewish ultra-Orthodox groups, and in particular, to investigate how they experience an extremely demanding requirement—shaving off the hair on their head upon marriage and covering their head with a black kerchief. The findings show that there are a variety of voices among the women, ranging from the view that these practices are desirable, through the view that they empower the women, to the view that they damage one’s attractiveness and are quite painful.

论大学教师传播教育的主持人风格

和新闻传播相似,教育领域也存在教育传播.教育传播更注重通过潜移默化的方式传播知识,完成教书育人的目标.从受众意识的角度看,大学教师授课和节目主持人主持节目有着诸多的一致性.教师教学应积极借鉴主持人的主持艺术,着力构建主持艺术教学新模式,通过提高课堂语言艺术、善用幽默手法、做好现场调控等手段,培养教师的主持人风格.     

中美铁路行业治理制度及其效率的比较分析

本文从铁路行业治理的视角,以铁路企业间的相互依赖性及其行业内协调制度为分析对象,分析中美铁路行业治理制度环境的相似性与差异性,探讨中美铁路行业内协调的制度安排的细节及其差异性,并运用比较制度分析的理论研究中美铁路行业内运营协调的信息体制及其效率差异,分析其清算制度的不同激励效果与适应性差异,阐述其对中国铁路重组的启示。     

Educated Caring: The Emergence of Professional Identity Among Nurses

This article examines the formation of occupational identity in a nursing program. The normative and ideological dimensions of this process are revealed in the program’s goals and the views of educators and students through qualitative data from observations and 30 in-depth interviews. Educators seek to socialize students toward professionalism to raise the occupation’s status by emphasizing the scientific and technical basis of nursing. Yet students uphold a gendered discourse by identifying a normative dimension of caring as central to their occupational identity. The dilemma between professionalism and caring is reconciled as students construct an occupational identity based on “educated caring,” where these two dimensions are equally valuable and significant.

Managing The Lactating Body: The Breast-Feeding Project and Privileged Motherhood

Drawing on interviews with twenty-five mostly white, educated, work-force experienced and class-privileged mothers, this paper explores how these women construct the lactating body as a carefully managed site and breast-feeding as a project—a task to be researched, planned, implemented, and assessed, with reliance on expert knowledge, professional advice, and consumption. The framing of breast-feeding as a project contrasts with the emphases on pleasure, embodied subjectivity, relationality, and empowerment that characterizes much of the recent breast-feeding literature across the humanities and social sciences. I argue that the project frame sheds light on the amount of work and self-discipline involved in compliance with broader middle-class mothering standards set in the consumerist, technological, medicalized, and professionalized contexts that shape parenting in late capitalist America.