从楚山禅师坐化看佛教死亡超越理论的当代价值

楚山绍琦禅师是明代四川著名高僧,临济宗传人。他的教化与行持紧扣禅宗"直指心性"的宗旨,以"识心为本"的心性禅著称。他坐化圆寂,肉身不坏流存后世。其所言所行以及离世方式展示了佛教的死亡超越理论,对佛教自身社会形象的定位和提升有深刻启示,并对当代临终关怀、安乐死等诸多生命伦理难题的应对具有启发价值。     

美国预备教师对于品格教育态度的研究——以对哈丁大学计划取得教师资格证本科生取样研究为例

在美国阿肯色哈丁大学,通过对取样的51名计划取得教师资格证的本科生的问卷调查统计与研究,并将结果与以前阿肯色州州立大学进行的类似研究结果进行对比性研究,了解美国教师对于学校品格教育的态度.     

Risk Assessment for Hospital-Acquired Diseases: A Risk-Theory Approach

We introduce a new approach to hospital-acquired disease risk assessment from public health databases. In a spirit similar to actuarial risk theory, we define an adjustment coefficient that can quantify the risk associated with a hospital department, allowing comparisons of similar departments. The adjustment coefficient characterizes the tail of the distribution of the total patient length of stay in a department before the first disease event occurs. We show that this coefficient is the solution of a Lundberg-like equation, and we provide a nonparametric estimation procedure for this measure, based on a Cramér-Lundberg approximation for the tail of the distribution. Using simulations, we provide evidence of the robustness of the approximation to various individual risk models. In addition, we illustrate the relevance of this approach by evaluating the risk associated with a standard patient safety indicator in 20 hospitals of southeastern France.     

对马克思主义理论整体性问题研究的反思及其现实意义

整体性是马克思主义理论的重要特性,整体性问题是研究马克思主义的一个基本问题,也是当前我国学者研究马克思主义的一个热点问题。我国理论界围绕此问题进行了深入而系统的研究,取得了丰硕成果,但也存在一些问题,对这些问题的反思,有益于进一步实现马克思主义整体发展和创新的前瞻性使命。     

《尔雅郑注》的音注体例

郑樵《尔雅注》有一些较具特色的注音体例，挖掘这些材料能够促进汉语语音史研究的进一步完善，也能够补益方言史研究的某些问题。文章把这些注音体例列举出来，主要是体例描写，同时还对郑樵在不同文献中分别使用“某某反”和“某某切”截然不同的问题、多字并排直音注音的问题作了一定的语言学解释。     

新疆能源强度变动的影响因素探析

本文采用Refined Laspeyres指数分解模型，对1985～2005年新疆能源强度进行分解，寻求新疆能源强度变动的主要影响因素。实证结果显示，工业部门内部能源强度改进是新疆能源利用效率提高的主因，而产业结构变动并未对其产生积极的影响。此外，工业部门能源强度的改进主导了新疆能源利用效率改进的强度效应。重工业行业内部能源强度的改进扭转了其比重上升对能源利用效率的不利影响，使得新疆工业部门能源利用效率提升。     

加拿大环境保护法的变迁:1988—2008

加拿大环境保护法自1988年产生之后,随着社会环境的变化而不断更新,在正当的法律程序的指引之下,既重视法律文本的完善,又关注法律的实效,以此为借鉴,中国环境法在修改过程中,可以突出以下方面:一是进一步充实立法原则;二是建立环境保护责任制度;三是完善立法程序和立法技术.     

元代海南"黎兵万户府"始置年代考

元代在海南岛设立"黎兵万户府",作为全岛最高军事机构.但其始置年代,因<元史>及现存诸旧志皆无明确记载,以致众说纷纭或说元统二年(1334),或说至元三十年(1293),或说至元二十八年.现依据大量史实深入考证,认为其始置年代,应当在元世祖至元十五年之后、至元二十四年之前.     

The Political Economy of Moral Conflict: An Empirical Study of Learning and Law Enforcement Under Prohibition

The U.S. Prohibition experience shows a remarkable policy reversal. In only 14 years, a drastic shift in public opinion required two constitutional amendments. I develop and estimate a model of endogenous law enforcement, determined by beliefs about the Prohibition‐crime nexus and alcohol‐related moral views. In turn, the policy outcomes shape subsequent learning about Prohibition enforcement costs. I estimate the model through maximum likelihood on Prohibition Era city‐level data on police enforcement, crime, and alcohol‐related legislation. The model can account for the variation in public opinion changes, and the heterogeneous responses of law enforcement and violence across cities. Results show that a 15% increase in the homicide rate can be attributed to Prohibition enforcement. The subsequent learning‐driven adjustment of local law enforcement allowed for the alcohol market to rebound to 60% of its pre‐Prohibition size. I conclude with counterfactual exercises exploring the welfare implications of policy learning, prior beliefs, preference polarization, and alternative political environments. Results illustrate the importance of incorporating the endogenous nature of law enforcement into our understanding of policy failure and policy success.