Asymptotic efficiency of a competing risks model: A two-sample case

A generalized Cox regression model is studied for the covariance analysis of competing risks data subject to independent random censoring. The information of the maximum partial likelihood estimates is compared with that of maximum likelihood estimates assuming a log linear hazard function.The method of generalized variance is used to define the efficiency of estimation between the two models. This is then applied to two-sample problems with two exponentially censoring rates. Numerical results are summarized ane presented graphically.The detailed results indicate that the semi-parametric model wrks well for a higher rate of censoring. A method of generalizing the result to type 1 censoring and the efficiency of estimating the coefficient of the covariate are discussecd. A brief account of using the results to help design experiments is also given.     

Learning Style Characteristics of Adult Dependent Decision Makers: Counseling and Instructional Implications

Dependent decision makers form a significant population of students and adults who seek help from career counselors. This study investigated the learning style characteristics of dependent decision makers in an urban community college setting. The results suggest that the dependent decision makers as a group may have reduced motivation for learning, show limited persistence, and take less responsibility for their learning. Because of these learning style characteristics, we recommend that these characteristics be considered when making counseling interventions and instructional modifications when working with dependent decision makers.     

Company Performance,Corporate Governance,and CEO Compensation in Norway and Sweden

This paper examines the relationshipamong company performance, corporategovernance arrangements, and CEO compensationwithin the Scandinavian countries of Norway andSweden. Our sample consists of 224 tradedcompanies, 120 of which are from Norway and 104from Sweden. The empirical evidence fromboth Norway and Sweden reveals significantpositive relationships among board size andCEO compensation, foreign board membership andCEO compensation, and market capitalization andCEO compensation. A significant negativerelationship is found between CEO ownership andCEO compensation. In addition, no significantrelationship is found between companyperformance and CEO compensation or CEO tenureand CEO compensation, except in the case ofNorwegian firms when a change in market-to-bookperformance measure is used. Despite itslimited geographical scope, the study adds toour general understanding of internationalcorporate governance issues.     

THE NEIGHBORING FIELD OF BRIEF INDIVIDUAL PSYCHOTHERAPY*

The author presents the field of brief individual psychotherapy as a coherent set of conventions, despite its diverse origins in the schools or traditions of dynamic, behavioral, interpersonal or cognitive, and strategic psychotherapy. He proposes the advantages of these shared conventions, but also their drawbacks. He proposes how this neighboring field could help the field of family therapy reduce its errors.     

World Class Manufacturing: Further Evidence in the Lean Production Debate1

This paper reports the results of a study into the performance and management practices of 18 autocomponents plants, nine of which were located in the UK and nine in Japan. The study compared the performance of these plants and used quantitative measures to test the use of lean production techniques among the high performers. Five plants displayed high performance on measures of both productivity and quality. All of these were located in Japan. Several measures of management practice provided some support for the lean production model, particularly in the area of process discipline and control; measures of human resource management policy and work organization proved less significant. Contextual factors pointed to the conditions necessary to support lean production; higher performing plants had more stable demand and lower absenteeism.     

Key considerations for logic model development in research partnerships: a Canadian case study

Community-academic partnership research is a fairly new genre of community-based participatory research. It has arisen in part, from recognition of the potential role of alliances in the development and translation of applied knowledge and the elimination of health disparities. This paper reports on the learning process of academic and community members who worked together in developing a logic model for a research program focusing on partnerships with vulnerable populations. The Partners in Community Health Research is a 6-year training program that seeks to combine research, training, and practice through the work of its "learning clusters". As these types of partnerships proliferate, the articulation and exploration of clear models will assist in their implementation. The authors, coming from both academia and community agencies, present a logic model meant to facilitate program management. Key considerations in the model's development are discussed in the context of an ongoing research partnership; namely, the complexity of the research partnership, power and accountability, alignment with health promotion policy, and the iterative nature of program design. Recommendations challenge academics, policy-makers, service providers, and community members to reflect on the elements needed to support and manage research partnerships and the tools necessary to ensure continued collaboration.     

理想雇主"长"什么样?

民企、外企、国企?事业单位、国家机关?哪类企业是你最想进入的?你眼中的理想雇主需要具备哪些潜质?在考量哪几个方面后,你才会认为这是一家值得选择的企业呢?为此,前程无忧专程采访了一些学生代表、社会人士和企业方,看看他们心中认同的理想雇主究竟"长"什么样?     

Taking a Chance? The Risks Associated with Going Missing from Substitute Care

This paper reports on a study of over 200 young people going missing from residential and foster care in four local authorities. The proportion of young people missing from residential care was high, ranging from 25 to 71% of all 11 – 16‐year‐olds in mainstream children’s homes. Two types of absence were identified: the ‘runaways’ profile (those who ran away or stayed out) and the ‘friends’ profile (those missing to be with friends). There were variations in levels of risk for different sub‐groups within the sample. Risks included immediate risks of victimization, sexual exploitation (including prostitution), offending and substance misuse. A longer‐term risk of detachment was identified among those going missing often, involving high levels of non‐school attendance, detachment from carers and involvement in offending and in substance misuse. Difficulties in the assessment of risk are discussed and approaches to managing risk for young people who go missing from substitute care are explored. Copyright 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.