超微生物力学测量中的原子力显微镜技术

原子力显微镜不仅可以在分子水平上对作用力进行测量,得到表面形状的图像,而且也可以用于高分子的解旋和空间构象的研究,此外也可研究样品表面的其他物理特性如压弹性、粘弹性特性的研究。文章首先阐明了微观力学表征的生物学意义,接着强调了原子力显微镜探针与样品间相互作用的类型及其在生物力学量测量中的原理和过程,之后分别介绍了原子力显微镜在细胞间黏附力、生物分子间相互作用、单分子力谱等方面的应用成果,最后结合原子力显微镜的应用现状对微观生物力的原子力显微镜深入研究进行了展望。     

Perceived Equity in the Gendered Division of Household Labor

Despite huge imbalances in the division of housework between women and men, previous studies have found perceptions of equity on the part of women to be much more frequent than feelings of injustice. Taking a comparative perspective on the basis of International Social Survey Program (ISSP) 2002 data (N = 8,556), we find that, on the individual level, the explanatory frameworks that have been found to influence the actual inequality of household division of labor (time availability, resource dependence, and gender ideology) contribute to the explanation of perceptions of equity, in that they interact with the inequality of the household division of labor. On the country level, the gender‐wage ratio and the average level of inequality are important predictors.     

《李尔王》悲剧的成因与现实意义

《李尔王》是当今被评论越来越多的一部悲剧。莎士比亚在该剧中主要揭示的是社会伦理道德问题，因它不受时间、地点的限制，而具有普遍的社会意义。本文通过对剧中主要人物的剖析，分析了老一辈兴衰的原因，新一辈的忠贞与奸诈。该剧通过两个家庭的悲剧来反映整个社会。莎士比亚通过对其理想人物考狄利娅的刻画，谴责了人伦颠倒的社会现象，从而唤起人们共同创造一个充满友情和爱的世界，使人间更加美好。     

巧用趣喻献良策妙言君道源人性——论趣喻的 "共识效应"及认识论价值

用生动形象的比喻去讲解抽象、深奥的道理,即是所谓趣喻.在中国传统社会,大儒、鸿儒用"趣喻"去宣传礼法,使其成为家喻户晓的道理,并为君王所借鉴,从而形成独具中国特色的"君道·人学"理论,是一个非常有意义的文化现象.趣喻融深刻的哲理与生动的比喻于一身,是感性认识与理性认识实现统一的典范.趣喻具有形成"共识效应"的认识论价值.     

Assessment of the Effectiveness of Radon Screening Programs in Reducing Lung Cancer Mortality

The present study was aimed at assessing the health consequences of the presence of radon in Quebec homes and the possible impact of various screening programs on lung cancer mortality. Lung cancer risk due to this radioactive gas was estimated according to the cancer risk model developed by the Sixth Committee on Biological Effects of Ionizing Radiations. Objective data on residential radon exposure, population mobility, and tobacco use in the study population were integrated into a Monte‐Carlo‐type model. Participation rates to radon screening programs were estimated from published data. According to the model used, approximately 10% of deaths due to lung cancer are attributable to residential radon exposure on a yearly basis in Quebec. In the long term, the promotion of a universal screening program would prevent less than one death/year on a province‐wide scale (0.8 case; IC 99%: –3.6 to 5.2 cases/year), for an overall reduction of 0.19% in radon‐related mortality. Reductions in mortality due to radon by (1) the implementation of a targeted screening program in the region with the highest concentrations, (2) the promotion of screening on a local basis with financial support, or (3) the realization of systematic investigations in primary and secondary schools would increase to 1%, 14%, and 16.4%, respectively, in the each of the populations targeted by these scenarios. Other than the battle against tobacco use, radon screening in public buildings thus currently appears as the most promising screening policy for reducing radon‐related lung cancer.     

范蠡治家思想浅探

发家致富是作为政治家、军事家的范蠡人生中的又一亮点。其治家思想与治国思想具有同等重要的价值。治家如国、农商为本、因俗立业、顺应天时、居安思危、民主持家和泽及乡里等,是其治家思想的显著特征。     

中国古代妇女文学研究的现代起点——胡文楷《历代妇女著作考》的价值和意义

胡文楷的<历代妇女著作考>是中国目录学史上的一部重要著作,作者通过"辨章学术,考镜源流",以编著闺秀艺文目录的形式,写出了一部中国古代女性文学史,其中,所著录的四千多位女性作家的创作,能够清晰地展示出女性文学发展的一些脉络与特质.而且,这些女作家也从不同方面进行文学批评活动,包括编纂选集.撰写诗话、诗文评、序跋等,由此可见,古代女性实际上拥有相对宽松的生活空间,从中反映出非常独特的家族文化,也可以看出社会对女性从事创作的看法.胡文楷的这部著作让我们看到了非常丰富的中国古代妇女的文学活动景观,同时,也体现了他本人的一些文学史观念.     

基于多维Copula函数的投资组合CVaR分析

目前国内有关Copula函数的实证研究主要以二种资产的相关性为主.根据Copula函数在构建反映随机变量实际分布与相关性的联合分布函数上的优势,构建了反映多个资产收益实际分布和相关性的联合分布函数,并使用蒙特卡罗模拟技术,分析在不同置信度下投资组合的最小条件风险价值(CVaR).实证表明,根据所提出的模型度量资产的风险,可以使投资者选择的资产更加稳健,同时也有利于投资者对投资组合整体风险进行分散和监管.     

民事诉讼释明制度的现代启示

当代释明制度体现了当事人司法主体性理念,有助于克服当事人主义模式的弊病,是程序保障的重要举措;建立较为积极的、并且适度的法官释明制度,应当成为制度构建的基调和主导思想.