Autoritäre Einstellung und Statusmerkmale von ehemaligen Angehörigen der Waffen-SS und SS und der Wehrmacht

This is an updated study of the research published in 1970 on authoritarianism and its complexities with additional findings based on questionnaires. The respondents were 229 former members of the Waffen-SS and other formations of the SS matched and compared with 202 former members of the German Armed Forces. The questionnaires returned between the years 1962 and 1966 have not been completely analyzed. The additionally evaluated items have now enhanced the sample of authoritarian personality traits (F-scale) and thus their understanding. The originally reported group differences were confounded with socio-demographic characteristics such as schooling, occupational standing and service rank. In the present analysis, such variables were controlled by matching subjects. The earlier findings were confirmed. The methodological limitations of this post hoc investigation with its shortcomings are obvious. However, the findings nevertheless make a significant contribution to a better understanding of the function of authoritarianism in the context of differential psychological as well as situational conditions that promote unreflected obedience and its consequences. Last but not least, the findings also reflect a high correlation between authoritarianism and susceptibility to absolutist ideology such as National Socialism.     

“I’ve changed my mind; I don’t want to go home”

Abstract

This article considers the motif of porosity and its opposite, impenetrability, in relation to the home or places where we feel at home. It discusses ambiguities in how the physical boundaries of the home—but also of the perceived human subject—are portrayed in the technology-pervaded world of the dystopian science fiction narrative Total Recall. Tracing the story from the 1966 novel by Philip K. Dick, through the 1990 film to the recent remake (2012), allows for a consideration of the changes in our understanding of how the boundaries between the home and its other are culturally conceived and what happens when the integrity of these boundaries are put into question. Despite their differences, we argue that all three narratives use the built structures of walls and the imagery of the container as a way of portraying the basic conflict of an outer world that tries to take possession of the protagonist’s inner life. Tracing narrative shifts, we suggest, can become a vehicle for understanding the ongoing negotiation of boundaries of the “self,” the human body, the home and even the city, and the implications these cultural negotiations have across the period from 1966 to 2012.     

Patrilocal Residence and Female Labor Supply: Evidence From Kyrgyzstan

Many people live in patrilocal societies, which prescribe that women move in with their husbands’ parents, relieve their in-laws from housework, and care for them in old age. This arrangement is likely to have labor market consequences, in particular for women. We study the effect of coresidence on female labor supply in Kyrgyzstan, a strongly patrilocal setting. We account for the endogeneity of coresidence by exploiting the tradition that youngest sons usually live with their parents. In both OLS and IV estimations, the effect of coresidence on female labor supply is negative and insignificant. This finding is in contrast to previous studies, which found positive effects in less patrilocal settings. We go beyond earlier work by investigating effect channels. In Kyrgyzstan, coresiding women invest more time in elder care than women who do not coreside, and they do not receive parental support in housework.     

Grief support groups used by few--are bereavement needs being met?

Few adult bereaved attend closed grief support groups, yet many of those who do attend say they are extremely helpful. This research explores factors influencing support group attendance, and the extent to which bereavement support needs are being met. Focus group discussions reveal that a broad scope of sources of support is available to the bereaved. Results show what is seen as unhelpful to them, and what might be more helpful to them. The study indicates many adult bereaved suffer from an overall lack of support and would benefit from more caring overtures from those around them. Findings from this small frontline hospice bereavement study point toward ideas for adjustments in support groups and innovative bereavement education and programming.     

Social Work Education and the Changing Nature of Public Agency Practice

The CSWE accreditation standard requiring deans and directors to demonstrate commitment to the ethical values of the profession again raises questions about what commitment to ethical values means and about how determinations of adherence will be made. In this paper, two contrasting educational doctrines found in universities are reviewed. Aspects of each are found in social work statements of value. Special attention is given to their conflicting conceptions of students and the ideal learning environment. Following this, a sample of social work values and procedures for determining adherence to them are reviewed. Suggestions for further study are given.     

More Than a Piece of Paper? Protection Orders as a Resource for Battered Women

Nearly 2 million women are assaulted by a partner or ex‐partner each year in the United States ( Tjaden and Thoennes 2000 ). Intimate partner violence is a complex social problem rooted in structural gender inequality, but that affects individual women in different ways (e.g. Crenshaw, 1991 ; Stark 2008 ). Battered women actively seek help in ending the violence from both formal and informal sources (e.g. Campbell et al. 1998 ; Stark 2008 ; Sullivan and Bybee 1999 ). As part of this process, many battered women will apply for a protection order against their batterer; nearly 1 million such orders are issued every year ( Tjaden and Thoennes 2000 ). This article reviews the research on the effectiveness of such orders, including access and enforcement, and provides suggestions for further research and policy improvements.     

Uganda: No More Pro‐poor Growth?

This article explores changing growth regimes in Uganda, from pro‐poor growth in the 1990s to growth without poverty reduction, actually even with a slight increase in poverty, after 2000. Not surprisingly, it finds that good agricultural performance is the key determinant of direct pro‐poor growth in the 1990s, while lower agricultural growth is the root cause of the recent increase in poverty. At the same time, after 2000 low agricultural growth appears to have induced important employment shifts out of agriculture, which have dampened the increase in poverty. The article also assesses the indirect form of pro‐poor growth by analysing the incidence of public spending and the tax system, and finds that indirect pro‐poor growth has been achieved to only a limited extent.     

Who is right about the modern economy: Polanyi,Zelizer, or both?

Zelizer’s work may be read as an attack on the central Polanyian thesis: that the market system threatens social life by the undue prominence it lends the economy in the organization of modern society. The recent publication of Viviana Zelizer’s The Purchase of Intimacy (2005a) is therefore an excellent opportunity to review the general trend of her work Zelizer 1979, 1985, 1994, and contrast her leading ideas to the central thesis that gives Polanyi’s work its particular flavor: the danger encapsulated in the use of modern money and the functioning of the market system. A draft of this essay was presented in March 2007 at a workshop held at the University of London, and a preliminary French version has appeared in a special issue of the Revue du Mauss devoted to Polanyi’s thought (Vol. 29, June 2007). The present version is directed to Zelizer’s views on the relation between market and society. I thank Franck Cochoy, Keith Hart, José Ossandon, and Viviana Zelizer for their helpful comments and advices.

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Experimentelle vignettendesigns in faktoriellen surveys

Der faktorielle Survey (Vignettenanalyse) als empirisches Messmodell zur differenzierten Untersuchung komplexer Fragestellungen wurde vor allem in der jüngeren Vergangenheit wieder entdeckt und angewandt. Eine Herausforderung bei der Planung fast aller Vignettendesigns stellt die notwendige Reduktion der Vignettenpopulation dar, da zumeist nicht alle Vignetten jedem einzelnen Respondenten zur Beurteilung vorgelegt werden k?nnen. In diesem Beitrag thematisieren wir die mit den verschiedenen Strategien zur Vignettenselektion und Vignettensetbildung verbundenen Implikationen bezüglich der statistischen Analyse und inhaltlichen Interpretation der Ergebnisse. Dabei zeigen sich die Vorzüge von experimentellen Vignettendesigns, die auf den Techniken der gezielt geplanten Fraktionalisierung und Konfundierung aufbauen. Anhand einer Pilotstudie, bei der unter Einsatz des faktoriellen Surveys normative Meinungen über die Zuerkennung der ?sterreichischen Staatsbürgerschaft an Migranten erhoben wurden, beschreiben wir die praktische Umsetzung eines konfundiert faktoriellen Vignettendesigns und dessen ad?quate statistische Analyse. Empfehlungen für die praktische Umsetzung eines experimentellen Vignettendesigns beschlie?en den Beitrag.