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41.
We provide welfarist evaluations of decision rules for federations of states and consider models, under which the interests
of people from different states are stochastically dependent. We concentrate on two welfarist standards, viz. that the expected
average utility for a person in the federation be maximized or that the expected utilities for the different people be equal.
We discuss an analytical result that characterizes the decision rule with maximum expected average utility, set up a class
of models that display interstate dependencies and run simulations for different dependency scenarios in the European Union.
We find that the results that Beisbart and Bovens (Soc Choice Welf 29:581–608, 2007) established for two types of models without
interstate dependencies are fairly stable if interstate dependencies are switched on. There are exceptions, though: sometimes
the way in which alternative decision rules shape the welfare distribution is significantly affected by such dependencies.
These exceptions particularly include cases in which the interests of people from different states are partly anti-correlated. 相似文献
42.
This note provides the asymptotic distribution of a Perron-type innovational outlier unit root test developed by Popp (J Stat
Comput Sim 78:1145–1161, 2008) in case of a shift in the intercept for non-trending data. In Popp (J Stat Comput Sim 78:1145–1161,
2008), only critical values for finite samples based on Monte Carlo techniques are tabulated. Using similar arguments as in
Zivot and Andrews (J Bus Econ Stat 10:251–270, 1992), weak convergence is shown for the test statistics. 相似文献
43.
This paper investigates ruin probability and ruin time of a two-dimensional fractional Brownian motion risk process. The net loss process of an insurance company is modeled by a fractional Brownian motion. The two-dimensional fractional Brownian motion risk process models the surplus processes of an insurance and a reinsurance company, where the net loss is divided between them in some specified proportions. The ruin problem considered is that of the two-dimensional risk process first entering the negative quadrant, that is, the simultaneous ruin problem. We derive both asymptotics of the ruin probability and approximations of the scaled conditional ruin time as the initial capital tends to infinity. 相似文献
44.
Dr. Stefanie Hürtgen Dr. Stephan Voswinkel 《?sterreichische Zeitschrift für Soziologie》2012,37(4):347-365
Opposing the tendency within current analyses in the social sciences to draw a conclusion from present changes in people??s working and living conditions to corresponding social-psychic dispositions, this article both theoretically and empirically develops the thesis that people??by considering structural preconditions??put demands on themselves and structure their resources and possible courses of action. In order to understand how this is done, the article develops the concept of ??life-orientation??. By means of four exemplary typifications of life-orientations gained from a research project on employees?? demands on work, we will demonstrate that established beliefs about actual forms of subjectivity are in need of correction. 相似文献
45.
Stephan G. H. Meyerding 《Journal of Organisational Transformation & Social Change》2013,10(2):123-146
The increasing organizational size, as a result of the industry's structural change, is leading to crises in German horticultural companies. Therefore, the present study examines the causes of fundamental change processes in horticultural companies, indicates the overriding trends and identifies the success factors of change initiatives. For this purpose, over 150 decision-makers with over 10 years’ experience in their respective organization were surveyed from May to December 2014. The megatrends are environmental issues, changed consumer behavior, resource shortages and the labor market. Currently, the reasons for change lie in a changing market strategy/sales approach, business succession and submission and external changes in the legal conditions. Among the most difficult problems occurring in the implementation of change processes are low willingness to take responsibility, interest and goal conflicts of the involved organization's members and a sacrifice of long-term actions for short-term profit improvements. The most important success factors of change processes include realistic, clear visions/goals and their communication, team spirit and motivation and a coordinated chronological procedure. Six factors of the psychological level of the change success are presented. The results of the study can help to recommend a design for change processes in companies within horticultural manufacturing. 相似文献
46.
Yan R. Xia Wenzhen Li Stephan Wilson Kevin R. Bush Gary Peterson 《Marriage & Family Review》2013,49(6):489-515
The present research examined the relationship between supportive and controlling dimensions of parenting behaviors and Chinese adolescent outcomes (school adjustment and problem behavior). Researchers collected self-report data from 589 adolescents in Hangzhou, China. Results showed the factor structure for the Parent Behavior Measure in the Chinese sample was different from the factor structure based on Western research. Specifically, paternal support did not emerge as a viable factor. Parental monitoring and involvement predicted positive adolescent outcomes, whereas punitiveness and permissiveness predicted negative outcomes. Surprisingly, maternal support predicted more adolescent problem behavior, especially for boys. Guilt induction, love withdrawal, and positive induction did not predict any significant adolescent outcomes when other parenting behaviors were controlled. School adjustment mediated and gender moderated the relationship between parenting and adolescent problem behavior. The importance of considering parenting behaviors, adolescent school adjustment, gender, and cultural norms when examining adolescent problem behavior was discussed. 相似文献
47.
Wolfram Kaiser 《National Identities》2013,15(3):227-244
Abstract This article analyses how the world exhibitions were instrumentalised for national identity-building in 19th-century France. It argues that they probably strengthened a broadly consensual conception of a superior French culture and civilising mission. In contrast, it is doubtful whether the Second Empire and the Third Republic succeeded in hijacking them to sustain their political visions of the French nation. The exhibitions crystallised criticism of the two political systems, and vociferous debates about their nature and ideological content took place in the Republic. They also helped to strengthen other, sometimes conflicting identities, such as region and class, emphasising the cultural and political diversity of France. 相似文献
48.
Emanuele Ferragina Martin Seeleib‐Kaiser Mark Tomlinson 《Social Policy & Administration》2013,47(7):783-805
This article contributes to the welfare state regime literature from a substantive and methodological perspective. At a very abstract level we confirm the relevance of the welfare state regime theory and stability for the period from 1971 to the end of the 1990s. However, by analyzing family policy and unemployment protection, we observe a dual transformation of the welfare state, consisting of a trend towards a ‘socialization’ of family policies and a retrenchment in unemployment insurance benefits. Our Multiple Correspondence Analysis (MCA) of the two policy domains captures the multi‐dimensionality of the decommodification and defamilialization concepts and visualizes welfare state developments over time in a Cartesian space. This dynamic analysis provides us with a nuanced understanding of welfare state regime stability and change. 相似文献
49.
Recent studies have found size of territorial units to vary inversely with population density, the only exception to this regularity being Great Britain, where size and density were found to be unrelated. The present research accounts for this anomaly by demonstrating Britain's historical conformity to the size-density relation. The size-density hypothesis is further supported by direct test, made possible by a recent reorganization of british counties. Results show that reorganization has restored the expected inverse relation between size and density and has restructured the size and density of counties in a manner precisely specified by underlying theory. 相似文献
50.
Benjamin?LevingerEmail author Marques?Benton Stephan?Meier 《Journal of Family and Economic Issues》2011,32(4):566-585
This study analyzes consumers’ knowledge of their own credit situation and tests whether a lack of knowledge affects financial
outcomes. The unique dataset from survey and credit report data includes self-estimates of credit scores and actual scores
from a low-to-moderate income sample. We argue and show empirically that many respondents don’t know their credit score and
generally underestimate their creditworthiness. Furthermore, our evidence suggests that this biased self-assessment may explain
differences in perceived credit constraints and credit contracts, specifically credit card interest rates. Our research suggests
that an important aspect of financial literacy is self-assessment, and that it is important to encourage consumers to regularly
check their credit reports and scores so as to better understand their actual creditworthiness. 相似文献