Is there a third way? a comparative analysis of how the law treats workers in the nonprofit,private-for-profit,and public sectors

We know that personnel are often the nonprofit's greatest resource as well as its major cost. We know too that how well that resource is managed is the key to the organization's success; but, how much do we know about how to manage personnel in the third sector? Is there a “third way”—distinguishable from human resource management in the private-for-profit sector and different from personnel management in the public sector?     

Accuracy in the long run—Where are we now

Long-term forecasting must be viewed as informative speculation about the future. It should be credited with relatively little scientific authenticity. At the present stage of theory and data, no magic methods can be expected to overcome the problem of satisfactory forecasting. Improvement, however, is certainly not just a question of putting more and more variables and more and more numbers into a computer. Methods which indicate how to cushion against uncertainty and methods which bring a greater awareness of options for the future are essential if we are to gain greater control over events. The hazy images of the long-term future which are generated by scenario and other forms of analysis form the guidelines within which short and especially medium-term choices must be made. But in the end we must recognise the inherent limitations of forecasting and forecasting methods and think of forecasting not so much as a method of prediction but as a contribution to tackling the future in a more integrated sense.     

A monte carlo investigation of a statistic for a bivariate missing data problem

Testing the equal means hypothesis of a bivariate normal distribution with homoscedastic varlates when the data are incomplete is considered. If the correlational parameter, ρ, is known, the well-known theory of the general linear model is easily employed to construct the likelihood ratio test for the two sided alternative. A statistic, T, for the case of ρ unknown is proposed by direct analogy to the likelihood ratio statistic when ρ is known. The null and nonnull distribution of T is investigated by Monte Carlo techniques. It is concluded that T may be compared to the conventional t distribution for testing the null hypothesis and that this procedure results in a substantial increase in power-efficiency over the procedure based on the paired t test which ignores the incomplete data. A Monte Carlo comparison to two statistics proposed by Lin and Stivers (1974) suggests that the test based on T is more conservative than either of their statistics.     

Physician credentialing. A centralized verification system

The current system for credentialing physicians in the U.S. is staggeringly redundant, prone to error, and expensive. The process for establishing a recent graduate's practice can involve an average of five applications to have privileges at several hospitals and HMOs. A centralized verification system needs to be developed to streamline this process. The amount of information that would have to be stored for all physicians in the country would be immense. However, the technology currently exists to store such information on a much grander scale. Credit unions, banks, and insurance companies utilize such computer systems effectively and with reasonable confidentiality.     

The Perception of Societal Models of Power Distribution by Recent Male College Graduates

Abstract

This study examines the perception of power among young adult males. A sampleof 1971 male graduates of a state university were asked in 1974 to choose from among pluralistic and elitist models of power in the U.S. The correlates of the various perceptions of power were elaborated using political attitudes, degree of political activism, change in political beliefs, locus of control, and status inconsistency. The findings were that: (1) the respondents tended to perceive an elitist model, although they preferred a pluralist model; and (2) those most likely to perceive power in elitist terms were activists, those with changed political beliefs, those most status inconsistent, and those with external locus of control.     

Women's risk for revictimization by a new abusive partner: for what should we be looking?

The purpose of this article was to examine the prevalence of, as well as risk factors for, revictimization by a new partner. Data was collected via face-to-face interviews at Time 1 (about 5 weeks after obtaining a protective order against a violent partner [DVO partner]) and at Time 2 (approximately 12 months later). Of those women who reported having a new partner at Time 2 (n = 412), 35.2% reported abuse. Findings indicate that there is a subset of women who are at greater risk of experiencing abuse by future partners: women with greater cumulative lifetime victimization and those who abuse or are dependent on illicit drugs. Intervening with women when they obtain a protective order is a critical point of intervention to reduce women's risk for revictimization.     

Gender and Power: Sex Segregation in American and Polish Higher Education as a Case Study

This article presents a comparative case study of the manifestation of sex segregation in higher education in the United States and in Poland from the end of the 19th century to the 1930s. The study is guided by a theoretical framework, which is organized around a concept of power and derived from The Sources of Social Power by Michael Mann (1986). In the United States, well-developed capitalism, democracy, and the ideology of separate spheres underlay the high collective power of men, their distributive power over women and—consequently—high levels of sex segregation in higher education. Contrastly, in Poland, weak capitalism and lack of democracy meant less collective and distributive power of men, which produced lower levels of educational sex segregation.