A Review of Nonfamilial Intergenerational Programs on Changing Age Stereotypes and Well-Being in East Asia

This paper examines whether nonfamilial intergeneration programs reduce age stereotyping and increase the well-being of both youth and older adults in five East Asian communities. We used the systematic review method and screened 2,261 abstracts, selecting 14 publications for full review. Studies reported positive attitudinal changes among young and old participants. The intergeneration programs generally covered one of two themes: art activities or cultural heritage. Three best practices that can enhance intervention effectiveness were pre-intervention training, maintaining the intensity of the intervention on a weekly base, and pair-wise matching between the two stakeholders. More studies are recommended to test intergenerational programs with randomized designs and a wider age range of young participants. Culturally specific intergenerational contact theory is also in need of development, particularly “status concern” between the young and old generation.     

Life Satisfaction of Older Adults in Hong Kong: The Role of Social Support from Grandchildren

This study explores the relationship between the life satisfaction of older adults and the social support from grandchildren in Hong Kong. Two hundred and fifteen older people (from the ages of 64 to 101, mean age 79.3), whose youngest grandchild was aged 12 or older, were recruited from elderly service agencies to participate in the study. Face-to-face interviews were conducted by trained interviewers using a standardized questionnaire, which included the Life Satisfaction Scale for Chinese, the Lubben Social Network Scale, the Chinese Tradition Scale, grandchildren social support measures, self-rated health, self-rated financial adequacy, and demographic variables. Hierarchical regression showed that the life satisfaction of older adults benefitted significantly from the social support from grandchildren (R ² change = .05, F _change = 7.15, p < .001); while controlling demographic characteristics, general social support, attitude towards Chinese tradition, self-rated health, and self-rated financial adequacy. The total explained variance was 51%. Emotional support and appraisal support from grandchildren were identified as significant contributing factors. The policy and practice implications for active aging policies are discussed in a Chinese context.     

海权、海洋权利与海洋权益概念辨析

海权是海洋权力的缩译,它是一个权力政治术语。权力是自上而下的,强调国家暴力,因此用海洋武力进行海洋利益的诉求是海权的本质属性。海洋权利则是一个法律术语,它是国家主权在海洋的延伸。海洋权益是一个国际法术语,它突出了利益,并强调在合法权利的基础上实现海洋利益的维护。三者概念的辨析是必要的,但是没有必要纠缠于概念的细微差别。     

中日安全困境解析

安全困境是现实主义理解国际政治的一个基本概念,其生成既受到国际体系结构的制约,同时也受到国内政治和决策者心理因素的影响。中日安全困境的成因在于中日之间权力对比状态的变化、地缘战略利益的争夺、国内民族主义的困扰以及美国域外霸权的催化。中日安全困境的出路在于加强双方的经济合作,增强政治互信和构建安全合作机制网络。     

混合与过渡:澳门选举制度的变革及特征分析

澳门的选举制度始于1976年<澳门组织章程>,至今已有30余年的历史.自确立以来,选举制度虽时有修订或重订,但核心内容未有重大变动;历次修订,包括回归后的重订,均遵循了渐进与衔接原则,属于非强制性制度变迁.澳门选举制度,在内容特征上,表现出混合型与过渡性色彩.混合性主要地体现在制度容纳了多元代表制及与其相对应的多元议席结构、选民结构与选举方式,而过渡性则表现在制度起源于澳葡时期,包括选举原则、计票公式等均非产自本土,所以,始终面临着如何适应本地需求进行改革与完善问题.     

组织公平、员工承诺与人力资源管理策略

人力资源损失通常来自于组织公平的损失和员工承诺的损失。根据组织公平和员工承诺结合的四种不同状态,人力资源管理者应当采取不同的策略以减少人力资源损失。     

“女合得男之半”——从《名公书判清明集》看南宋的女分法

本文从《名公书判清明集》户婚门的相关判例出发,讨论“女合得男之半”法的相关问题.“女分法”的立法目的是保障男性继承人在分家析产时,能够获得较大比例的份额,在满足这一前提时,给予未成年或未嫁的女儿一定的经济资助作为她们日后的生活之资和嫁资.男性继承人所得的一半并不意味着女儿获得的财产与之性质相同,只是借以计算女儿应分的基数.女儿分得的财产是一种纯利益,她们不承担祭祀的义务,因此她们也不具备传统家族法意义上的“承继”权利.     

变系数齐线性方程稳定的必要条件

用等价变换和解的性质得到了变系数齐线性方程稳定的一些必要条件．     

Spatial variability of fish communities in a highly urbanised reef system

Urban Ecosystems - Rapid coastal development has generated interest in the ecology of human-modified marine environments. Coastal defence structures such as breakwaters and seawalls are...     

中国财政分权的制度变迁:在博弈均衡与制度设计之间

以分税制为主体的中国财政体制改革是一次重大制度创新.但分税制并不是横空出世的,它继承了某些"旧制度遗产".分析其历时结构,可以发现分税制其实是一种重叠嵌入,它对之前的财政包干制既有保留,又有创新.从博弈均衡的观点出发,分税制之下的中央政府和地方政府之间是一种既抗衡又扈从的关系.本文从制度设计观点出发,用韦伯理想型分析与事权相匹配的财税体制下的中央与地方政府财税关系,讨论我国分税制存在的问题,并提出完善分税制的建议.