Sozioökonomischer Status,Deprivation und die Affinität zur <Emphasis Type="Italic">AfD</Emphasis> – Eine Forschungsnotiz

Using three recent data sets (ALLBUS 2016, GLES 2016, ESS 2016), we show that the affinity for the AfD is a socially stratified phenomenon. Actors with minimal education and low income, the unemployed, workers, and actors who feel deprived in socioeconomic terms have a stronger tendency towards supporting the AfD than those actors with a higher socioeconomic status. This finding contrasts with previous research, which describes the rise of right-wing populism in Germany as the result of some kind of clash of idealistic cultures lacking any foundation in the economic basis of society.     

Leading for change: line managers’ influence on the outcomes of an occupational health intervention

Line managers may play a central role in the success of occupational health interventions. However, few studies have focussed on the relationship between line managers’ behaviours and the outcomes of occupational health interventions. We examined the influence of both line managers’ attitudes and actions towards an intervention as well as their transformational leadership on the expected outcomes of the intervention (i.e. employee self-rated health and work ability). The intervention consisted of the implementation and use of a web-based system for occupational health management. A sample of 180 employees provided data for the analysis. Self-rated health and work ability were measured at the baseline (Time 1) and follow-up (Time 3), while employee ratings of line managers’ attitudes and actions, and transformational leadership were measured during the intervention process (Time 2). The results revealed that line managers’ attitudes and actions positively predicted changes in both self-rated health and work ability. The influence of transformational leadership was indirect and mediated through line managers’ attitudes and actions towards the intervention. Based on the results, we suggest using process measures that include aspects of both line managers’ attitudes and actions as well as their transformational leadership in future process evaluation.     

Leveraging global sources of knowledge for business model innovation

This article explores the concept of leveraging global knowledge for business model innovation, whereby knowledge is transferred across space and firm boundaries for the reconfiguration of an incumbent firm's business model. Considering the implications of an ever-increasing fragmentation of global value chains and the associated dispersion of global knowledge sources, we propose that supply chain partners at foreign locations can provide valuable knowledge that incumbents can leverage to change their business model. Integrating insights from global supply chain, business model, and organizational learning literature, we theorize and empirically test how different organizational capabilities enable firms to acquire knowledge from foreign partners, integrate external with internal knowledge, transform knowledge through experimentation, and finally apply global knowledge in the form of business model innovation. We conclude with suggestions for future research.     

Longitudinal Pathways From Shyness in Early Childhood to Personality in Adolescence: Do Peers Matter?

Temperamental shyness in childhood is theorized to be an important contributor for adolescent personality. However, empirical evidence for such pathways is scarce. Using longitudinal data (N = 939 children, 51% boys) across 17 years, the aim of this study was to examine how shyness development throughout childhood predicted personality traits in adolescence, and the role of peers in these associations. Results from piecewise latent growth curve modeling showed early shyness levels to predict lower emotional stability and openness in adolescence, whereas early shyness levels and growth across childhood predicted lower extraversion. Peer problems in early adolescence accounted for these associations. This study is the first to demonstrate the role of childhood shyness and peer relations for adolescents’ personality development.     

Contemporary Philanthropy in the Spotlight: Pushing the Boundaries of Research on a Global and Contested Social Practice

VOLUNTAS: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations - This article is intended as the leading article in a special issue devoted to the achievements, limitations, opportunities...     

Relationships as a key to change. Ed Schein on the legacy and future of Change Management

Ed Schein is a Sloan Professor emeritus for organization psychology and management at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in Cambridge. Amongst Kurt Lewin, Dick Beckhard, Chris Argyris and Warren Bennis he is one of the co-founders of organization development. He has coined some of the basic concepts of OD, like organizational culture, process consultation and career anchors. Schein has authored fourteen books and received many notable honours and awards, e.g. the lifetime achievement award in workplace learning and performance of the American society for training directors and the distinguished Scholar-Practitioner Award of the Academy of Management. Currently, he serves as a professional fellow at the prestigious American Psychological Association as well as the Academy of Management.

     

Macht und Führung

The article highlights the relation between leadership and power in organizations. Paradoxes and dilemmas related to the power endowment of the leadership role are analyzed from a systems-theory perspective. The article closes with recommendations for the shaping of the supervisor role.     

Errors in Recalling Childhood Socio-economic Status: The Role of Anchoring and Household Formation in South Africa

In the absence of longitudinal data that track individuals over an extended period of time, information on childhood socio-economic status can be provided by questions that ask adults to recall their parents’ education or their economic status at childhood. The usefulness of these data, however, requires that people are willing to report this information, and that these reports do not vary systematically over time, for example in response to changes in current circumstances. In this paper, we evaluate recall data for South Africa, collected from the same adults in the first two waves of a national panel survey. We show that the data, particularly on father’s education, are compromised by very low and selective response, reflecting the fragmented nature of many South African families. Among those who do provide information, parental education is reported more consistently over time than the subjective appraisals of childhood economic status. However, we find also that both sets of indicators are sensitive to changes in current income, which would be consistent with anchoring effects. Furthermore changes in subjective appraisals of the past are highly correlated with changes in subjective appraisals of the present.