‘They’ve Always Been There for Me’: Grandparental Involvement and Child Well‐Being

With diversifying families, increased life expectancy, growing numbers of dual‐worker households and higher rates of family breakdown, grandparents are now playing an increasing role in their grandchildren’s lives. Despite growing importance there has been little empirical research exploring how grandparental involvement impacts on young people’s well‐being. This national study, which includes a survey of 1596 children (aged 11–16) and in‐depth interviews with 40 young people, aimed to address this deficit. Multivariate analyses demonstrate that grandparental involvement is significantly associated with child well‐being – results that are reinforced by qualitative evidence. Findings suggest grandparents may be under‐recognised in the policy agenda.     

The partition method for poset-free families

Given a finite poset P, let ${\rm La}(n,P)$ denote the largest size of a family of subsets of an n-set that does not contain P as a (weak) subposet. We employ a combinatorial method, using partitions of the collection of all full chains of subsets of the n-set, to give simpler new proofs of the known asymptotic behavior of ${\rm La}(n,P)$ , as n→∞, when P is the r-fork $\mathcal {V}_{r}$ , the four-element N poset $\mathcal {N}$ , and the four-element butterfly-poset $\mathcal {B}$ .     

Chinese Attitudes, Norms, Behavioral Control and Gambling Involvement in Macao

This study tested the applicability of the theory of planned behavior (TPB) on gambling intention and involvement in a representative Chinese sample in Macao, recruited by a random residential number dialing method. We successfully interviewed 685 respondents, with about one-third of them reporting that they had participated in gambling activities during the 12 months prior to the interview. The results of structural equation modeling suggested that favorable attitudes toward superstition and techniques, poor sense of perceived behavioral control over gambling refusal, and high gambling intention increased vulnerability to excessive gambling involvement. These findings generally support the efficacy of the TPB in explaining gambling intention and involvement among both Chinese gamblers and non-gamblers. Some practical implications of the findings are discussed within the Chinese context.     

Stress,Depression and Tiredness among Women: The Social Production and Social Construction of Health*

Cet article traite essentiellement de la production sociale du stress, de la dépression et de la fatigue chez les femmes. Ces problèmes font partie de ceux qui ont été le plus fréquemment évoqués à l'occasion d'une enquête effectuée sur un échantillon aléatoire de 356 femmes canadiennes. Nous avons utilisé les procédures de régression linéaire multiple pour explorer comment ces problèmes de santé sont liés à certains aspects des conditions de vie sociale et matérielle de ces femmes. Certaines de nos conclusions viennent contredire les modéles traditionnels invoqués pour décrire les problemes de santé. En nous appuyant sur les définitions que les femmes ont données, nous croyons avoir décelé un discours sur la santé propre à la classe moyenne. En conclusion, nous soutenons que les études sur la production sociale des maladies devraient aussi explorer la construction sociale des definitions de la santé et de la maladie. This paper focusses on the social production of stress, depression and tiredness among women. These problems were among the most frequently reported by a random sample of 356 Canadian women. The authors use multiple linear regression procedures to explore the links between these health problems and aspects of the social and material conditions of women's lives. Some of the findings contradict the usual patterning of health problems. The authors suggest that by relying on women's own definitions they may have captured a middle-class discourse of health. In conclusion, it is argued that studies of the social production of illness should also explore the ways in which definitions of health and illness are socially constructed.     

Development of an Indigenous Inventory GMAB (Gambling Motives,Attitudes and Behaviors) for Chinese Gamblers: An Exploratory Study

Scale development in the extant gambling literature has been dominated by pathological gamblers, but the non- or sub-clinical gamblers have been overlooked. Moreover, most scales are predominantly based on Western samples; only a few of the scales have Chinese versions validated with Chinese samples. A rarely explored niche still exists for the development of an indigenous scale for Chinese gamblers. The current exploratory study made the first step towards such a direction by identifying factors through the construction of an indigenous Gambling Motives, Attitudes and Behavior (GMAB) scale for Chinese gamblers. Preliminary items were generated primarily from focus group discussions. The items were administered through a telephone survey in which 791 randomly sampled gamblers participated. Exploratory factor analyses revealed (a) five dimensions of gambling motives, namely, self-worth, monetary gains, sensation seeking, boredom alleviation, and learning; (b) four dimensions of gambling attitudes, namely, luck and fate, attitudes toward negative consequences in gambling, techniques, and superstition; and (c) six dimensions of behavior, namely, impaired control in gambling, gambling involvement, arousal reaction, superstitious behavior, controlled gambling and casino exploration. Implications of the interplay among these factors and future research directions were discussed.     

中国“三资”企业中的文化冲突与文化创新

自1980年以来,进入中国的外国投资越来越多,1995 年全国吸引外资总额375亿美元,2002 年为 527 亿美元。1外资投资于中国的动因主要是大陆低廉的劳动力成本和庞大的国内市场。早期的投资以前一种动因为主,由于供销市场都在海外,早期的“三资”2企业像“孤岛”一样与本地社会联系不大。随着中国经济持续多年的高速增长和进一步开放的政策的实施,国内市场成为吸引外资的主要动力。以立足中国为发展目标、国内采购和销售比例越来越大的外资企业必定与本地社会发展建立起更为密切的关系。随着“三资”企业本地化,发生在这些企业当中的中国员工与…     

Vaginal Dryness and Beyond: The Sexual Health Needs of Women Diagnosed With Metastatic Breast Cancer

While research on the sexual health of women with early stage cancer has grown extensively over the past decade, markedly less information is available to support the sexual health needs of women diagnosed with advanced breast cancer. Semistructured interviews were conducted with 32 women diagnosed with metastatic breast cancer (ages 35 to 77) about questions they had concerning their sexual health and intimate relationships. All participants were recruited from a comprehensive cancer center at a large Midwestern university. Three themes were examined: the role of sexual activity and intimate touch in participants' lives, unmet information needs about sexual health, and communication with medical providers about sexual concerns. Findings indicated that sexual activities with partners were important; however, participants worried about their own physical limitations and reported frequent physical (e.g., bone pains) and vaginal pain associated with intercourse. When women raised concerns about these issues in clinical settings, medical providers often focused exclusively on vaginal lubricants, which did not address the entirety of women's problems or concerns. In addition, women diagnosed with metastatic breast cancer reported needing additional resources about specialized vaginal lubricants, nonpenetrative and nongenitally focused sex, and sexual positions that did not compromise their physical health yet still provided pleasure.     

Racializing the "Social Development" State: Investing in Children in Aotearoa/New Zealand

This paper focuses on the claim that the child is emerging asa key figure of social governance. International studies suggestthat as liberal welfare states increasingly draw on social investmentdiscourse, the child—particularly the child-as-worker-in-becoming—hasemerged as an iconic figure. This has resulted in the childbecoming the central subject of social policies and programsand the focus of new spending priorities. In Aotearoa/New Zealand,however, the figure of the child is much less prominent thanelsewhere. Moreover, in the policies and programs of the NewZealand "social development" state, the child is often racializedby virtue of its location within specific family groupings andgeographical communities. In turn, this has implications forthe positioning of women. As we show, the child/mother who standsto benefit from the "investments" of social development in Aotearoa/NewZealand is actually more likely to be a Pkeh child/mother, whereasthe child/mother requiring continued programmatic interventionis more likely to be Mori or Pacific. This finding points tothe need for feminist scholars to examine further the complexinterpenetration of gender and race/ethnicity in the shapingof contemporary socio-political landscapes.